993 resultados para 156-949A


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利用不同pH值的酸碱溶液处理蚕豆或者离体蚕豆叶片,研究酸碱胁迫下蚕豆叶片保护酶活性的变化。结果表明,离体蚕豆叶片处理10 min和30 min的SOD活性相差不大,整株处理5 h的蚕豆叶片SOD活性远大于处理12 h的SOD活性;离体蚕豆叶片和整株蚕豆处理,较长时间处理下的CAT活性基本上高于短时间处理的CAT活性,短时间处理下(10 min、5 h)POD活性均显著低于对照值,较长时间处理(30 min、12h)下POD活性变化的规律性不强,且变化幅度较小。

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以黄土高原沟壑区砂石覆盖苹果园为研究对象,对600 cm范围内土壤剖面水分含量的时间分异和空间分布状况进行了研究。结果表明:600 cm土层范围内,一周年内可划分为冬季增墒期和夏季失墒期两个阶段;土壤剖面水分空间分布随土壤深度的增加呈现波动性变化且稳定性不同,土壤含水量变化幅度随土层深度增加而变小,据此可将600 cm范围内的土壤剖面划分为速变层、相对稳定层、缓变层和稳定层;土壤水分在不同层次上的分布差异,8月土壤剖面不同层次含水量差异最大,11月次之,5月再次之,1月土壤不同层次含水量差异最小。综合看来,除土壤表层因砂石覆盖水分增加外,土壤剖面含水量随土壤深度的增加而减少且趋于稳定,水分下渗能力减弱;冬季土壤含水量多且分布均匀,夏季土壤水分减少且主要集中在上层,此时土壤不同层次水分含量差异大。

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以空间图形和数据库为基础,对土壤水库的相关技术指标、研究深度和静态库容组成等进行了描述、界定和计算。研究认为:安塞县5m深土层土壤水库总库容为1419.78mm/416156万m3,其中死库容占土壤总库容的21.08%,重力库容占土壤总库容的13.82%,有效库容占土壤总库容的65.10%,最大有效库容占总库容的78.92%;从土地利用类型方面来看,坡耕地和荒坡地总库容量最大,分别占研究区土壤水库总库容的37.65%和36.04%;从坡度分级方面来看,>25°和10°~15°坡度级别土壤总库容量最大,分别占研究区土壤水库总库容的41.50%和30.52%;峁坡和沟坡土壤水库库容组成基本相等。

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本文通过元素分析,红外光谱、水解产物质谱、核磁共振、热失重分析及x-光单晶衍射分析,确认合成了下述两种新型稀土金属有机配合物。并对它们结构特点进行了研究和讨论。(1) ErCl_3 + C_6H_5CH_2C_5H_4Na → (THF) C_6H_5CH_2C_5H_4ErCl_2·3THF + NaCl; (2)GuCl_3·nTHF + C_9H_7K → (THF) C_9H_7GuCl_2·3THF + Kcl; 在第一种配合物的合成中,讨论了苄基环戊二烯与无水氯化稀土反应的条件。并首次成功的合成了苄基环戊二烯基稀土配合物。对于第二种化合物的合成,采取了与文献不同的反应条件及合成方式。提高了产物收率并第一次得到了茚基稀土二氯化物的单晶结构表征。上述两类配合物均对空气、水汽敏感,均可溶于四氢呋喃溶剂中,难以溶解在汽油等烷烃溶剂中。其中C_6H_5CH_2C_5H_4ErCl_2·3THF在DME·Et_2O甲苯等溶剂中也有较为良好的溶解性。在C_6H_5CH_2C_5H_4ErCl_2·3THF的红外光谱中,1600cm~(-1)、1490cm~(-1)和1450cm~(-1)为苯环骨架振动吸收峰,700cm~(-1)为取代苯环的面外弯曲振动吸收峰,2980cm~(-1),2880cm~(-1)为CH_2的振动吸收峰,1600cm~(-1)、1040cm~(-1)和860cm~(-1)为环戊二烯基的特征吸收峰,1060cm~(-1)、910cm~(-1)为四氢呋喃分子的特征吸收峰,460cm~(-1)为Ln-Cl键的特征吸收峰。其分子结构见图I,晶体为单斜晶系,空间群为P21/n、晶胞参数a = 11.622A. b = 10.281A, c = 26.040A. β = 86.65°、V = 3106.09A、E = 4L。最终端离因子R = 0.050。中心离子Er~(3+)处于八面体中心,配位数为8。化合物C_9H_(17)GdCl_2·3THF的红外光谱中,出现的四氢呋喃分子特征峰为1050cm~(-1), 900cm~(-1)。茚基特征峰为845cm~(-1)和1020cm~(-1);GuCl键吸收峰为460cm~(-1),热失重分析表明,配合物分子中含有三个四氢呋喃分子。单晶结构见图II,单晶属单斜晶系,P21空间群,晶胞参数a = 10.468A, b = 11.888A, c = 11.854A, β = 108.46°, D = 1399.3A~3。最后一改性因子R = 0.042。平均键长Gd-C(环)为2.739,Gd-O为2.444A,两个Gd-Cl键长分别为2.583A和2.721A,夹角Cl(1)-Gd-Cl(2)为158.0°。比较所得两个配合物,它们具有相同的化学组成形式,单晶结构也非常相似。在苄基环戊二烯基化合物结构中Cl(1)-Er-Cl(2)夹角为156.3°,而C_9H_7GdCl_2·3THF中相应角度为158.0°,前者较后者小的不到两度,这可能与取代环戊二烯基的空间位阻小大有关。

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澜沧江姬鼠(Apodemus ilex)为小型啮齿类动物,长期以来常被认为是中华姬鼠(A. draco)或长尾姬鼠(A. orestes)的同物异名,但近年基于线粒体Cyt b 的研究证明,该类群与中华姬鼠的遗传距离达到了种间水平,并被认为是一个独立种。本文提取、扩增并测定了来自云南14个地区42个产地156个澜沧江姬鼠的Cyt b 全序列,并将GenBank中的3条澜沧江姬鼠的Cyt b 全序列纳入分析,选取福建武夷山与四川峨眉山的2个中华姬鼠样品的Cyt b 全序列,以及台湾姬鼠、大耳姬鼠、高山姬鼠Cyt b 全序列作为外群,利用贝叶斯法和最大似然法构建系统发育树,并使用Network分析,分子变异分析(AMOVA)分析、错配分析(Mismatch analysis)与Fu`Fs检验等方法,探讨了这些地区澜沧江姬鼠的种群遗传结构,种群动态及生物地理格局。结果表明:云南地区过去被鉴定为中华姬鼠的样品均属于澜沧江姬鼠,澜沧江姬鼠与中华姬鼠间的遗传距离(K2P-ds+v)达到0.091,显著超过姬鼠属内种间差距(0.080),支持澜沧江姬鼠独立种的地位;该种不同地理种群可大致以澜沧江为界分为两大支系,且每个支系又各分为两个亚支系;进一步的AMOVA分析表明遗传变异主要来源于两大支系之间,而错配分析与Fu`Fs检验表明澜沧江姬鼠各地理种群及其两个支系都经历过多次扩张事件,这可能是和冰期与间冰期的轮回交替有关;分子系统树和中介网络图表明地理环境的隔离对于澜沧江姬鼠种群分化存在明显影响,其中澜沧江的阻隔作用最为显著。基于松散分子钟(Relax molecular clock)分析,中华姬鼠和澜沧江姬鼠的分歧时间大约在2.98 Ma(95%HPD: 4.32-1.88),而澜沧江姬鼠则在1.13 Ma(95%HPD: 1.95-0.65)分成两个支系。按照平均分歧时间来看,澜沧江姬鼠两个支系的的分歧事件发生在鄱阳冰期(1.2-0.9 Ma),两个支系内部进一步分化为两支的时间非常接近,分别为:Clade 1中为0.67 Ma (95%HPD: 1.17-0.34)和Clade 2 中为0.64 Ma (95%HPD: 1.17-0.36),这种隔离种群各自产生分化的时间却非常接近,这提示其分化事件可能是受到古气候如冰期或间冰期的影响所产生。

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A very low CW threshold current of 1.65 mA at room temperature was obtained for an uncoated buried-heterostructure strained layer multiquantum well InGaAs-GaAs laser fabricated using hybrid molecular beam epitaxy and liquid phase epitaxy crystal growth technique. External differential quantum efficiency as high as 44.6% (0.53 mW/mA) and output power of more than 30 mW per facet were achieved in the same laser.

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Thermoluminescence (TL) of CdS clusters encapsulated in zeolite-Y is reported for the first time. The TL of the clusters is much stronger than that of the bulk CdS and increases as the CdS loading decreases. This inverse dependence of TL intensity upon CdS loading is caused mainly by the size-effect of the clusters. All samples exhibit almost the same glow peak position and shape, indicating that traps or surface states are not sensitive to the cluster sizes.

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AlxGa1-xAs Auger sensitivity factors have been determined by using PHI610 scanning Auger microprobe with pure elemental standards Al, Ag and matrix GaAs. The quantitative results of AlxGa1-xAs measured by the present method are in very good agreement with X-ray double crystal measurements. it is shown that by using sensitivity factors obtained from the self-instrument, the accuracy of the quantitative AES analysis can be considerably improved compared with that using elemental relative sensitivity factors given by the PHI handbook or internal standard method.

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光互连是突破传统微电子IC性能瓶颈的重要技术手段,对推进"后摩尔时代"微电子技术的发展和高性能计算技术的实现具有关键性意义.本文在归纳总结不同层次光互连结构特点的基础上,对片上光互连(on-chip or intra-chip optical interconnects)所涉及的若干种无源光子集成器件的设计制备及性能特点进行了分析介绍,这些器件包括SOI亚波长光子线波导、SOI光子晶体波导、MMI分束/合束器、微环/微盘谐振腔滤波器、光子晶体微腔耦合滤波器、光子晶体反射镜等,是硅基片上光互连的基本构成单元.本文对这些关键性光子集成器件的国内最新研究进展进行了报道.

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通过溅射的方法制作了Pt/AIGaN/GaN背对背肖特基二极管并测试了该器件对氢气的响应.研究了Pt/AlGaN/GaN背对背肖特基二极管在25和100℃时对于10%H_2(N_2气中)的响应,计算了器件的灵敏度;并比较了两种温度条件下器件对于氢气响应的快慢;空气中的氧气对于器件电流的恢复有重要的作用;最后由热电子发射公式计算了器件在通人10%的氢气前后有效势垒高度的变化.

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A novel distribute feedback (DFB) laser which gave two different wavelengths under two distinct work conditions was fabricated. The laser consists of two Bragg gratings with different periods corresponding to wavelength spacing of 20 nm in an identical active area. When driving current was injected into one of the different sections separately, two different wavelengths at 1542.4 and 1562.5 nm were realized. The side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) of 45 dB or more both for the two Bragg wavelengths were achieved. The fabricating process of the laser was just the same as that of traditional DFB laser diode. This device can be potentially used in coarse wavelength division multiplexer (CWDM) as a promising light source and the technology idea can be used to enlarge the transmission capacity in metro area network (MAN).