Some aspects of abelian and nonabelian T-duality and the gauge/gravity correspondence

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Effects of eating disorders on oral fungal diversity

Background. The eating disorders anorexia and bulimia nervosa can cause several systemic and oral alterations related to poor nutrition and induced vomiting; however, the oral microflora of these patients is poorly studied. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate fungal microflora in the oral cavity of these patients by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Study Design. Oral rinse samples were cultured to assess the prevalence of Candida species, and the isolates were identified by API system. Microorganism counts were compared by the Mann-Whitney test (5%). Ribotyping, a type of molecular analysis, was performed by sequencing the D1/D2 regions of 28S rRNA. Results. Our results demonstrated that the eating disorder group showed higher oral Candida spp. prevalence with culture-dependent methods and higher species diversity with culture-independent methods. Conclusions. Eating disorders can lead to an increased oral Candida carriage. Culture-independent identification found greater fungal diversity than culture-dependent methods. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012;113:512-517)

Semantic Equivalence of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the "Body Change Inventory"

With the increase in research on the components of Body Image, validated instruments are needed to evaluate its dimensions. The Body Change Inventory (BCI) assesses strategies used to alter body size among adolescents. The scope of this study was to describe the translation and evaluation for semantic equivalence of the BCI in the Portuguese language. The process involved the steps of (1) translation of the questionnaire to the Portuguese language; (2) back-translation to English; (3) evaluation of semantic equivalence; and (4) assessment of comprehension by professional experts and the target population. The six subscales of the instrument were translated into the Portuguese language. Language adaptations were made to render the instrument suitable for the Brazilian reality. The questions were interpreted as easily understandable by both experts and young people. The Body Change Inventory has been translated and adapted into Portuguese. Evaluation of the operational, measurement and functional equivalence are still needed.

ESPECTRA: Searching the Bipolar Spectrum in Eating Disorder patients

Abstract Background Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a chronic, recurrent and highly prevalent illness. Despite the need for correct diagnosis to allow proper treatment, studies have shown that reaching a diagnosis can take up to ten years due to the lack of recognition of the broader presentations of BD. Frequent comorbidities with other psychiatric disorders are a major cause of misdiagnosis and warrant thorough evaluation. Methods/Design ESPECTRA (Occurrence of Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Eating Disorder Patients) is a single-site cross-sectional study involving a comparison group, designed to evaluate the prevalence of bipolar spectrum in an eating disorder sample. Women aged 18-45 years will be evaluated using the SCID-P and Zurich criteria for diagnosis and the HAM-D, YOUNG, SCI-MOODS, HCL-32, BIS-11, BSQ, WHOQoL and EAS instruments for rating symptoms and measuring clinical correlates. Discussion The classificatory systems in psychiatry are based on categorical models that have been criticized for simplifying the diagnosis and leading to an increase in comorbidities. Some dimensional approaches have been proposed aimed at improving the validity and reliability of psychiatric disorder assessments, especially in conditions with high rates of comorbidity such as BD and Eating Disorder (ED). The Bipolar Spectrum (BS) remains under-recognized in clinical practice and its definition is not well established in current diagnostic guidelines. Broader evaluation of psychiatric disorders combining categorical and dimensional views could contribute to a more realistic understanding of comorbidities and help toward establishing a prognosis.

Occurrence of bipolar spectrum disorder and comorbidities in women with eating disorders

Abstract Background Eating disorder (ED) patients often have comorbidities with other psychiatric disorders, especially with mood disorders. Although recent studies suggest an intimate relationship between ED and bipolar disorder (BD), the study on a broader bipolar spectrum definition has not been done in this population. We aimed to study the occurrence of bipolar spectrum (BS) and comorbidities in eating disorder patients of a tertiary service provider. Methods Sixty-nine female patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or eating disorder not otherwise specified were evaluated. The assessment comprised the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), clinical criteria for diagnosis of the Zurich bipolar spectrum. Mann–Whitney tests compared means of continuous variables. The association between categorical variables and the groups was described using contingency tables and analyzed using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test. The level of significance alpha was set at 5%. Results The results showed that 68.1% of patients had comorbidity with bipolar spectrum, and this was associated with higher family income, proportion of married people, and comorbidity with substance use. The ED with BS group showed higher rates of substance use comorbidity (40.4%) than the ED without BS group (13.6%). Discussion These results showed that the bipolar spectrum is a common comorbidity in patients with eating disorders and is associated with correlates of clinical importance, notably the comorbidity with substance use. Due to the pattern of similarity between the groups with and without comorbid bipolar spectrum in relation to various outcomes evaluated, the identification of comorbidity can be difficult. However, the precise diagnosis and careful identification of clinical correlates may contribute to future advances in treating these conditions. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the association of other clinical correlates and its possible causal association.

Quantisation of the bosonic string

In this work we review the basic principles of the theory of the relativistic bosonic string through the study of the action functionals of Nambu-Goto and Polyakov and the techniques required for their canonical, light-cone, and path-integral quantisation. For this purpose, we briefly review the main properties of the gauge symmetries and conformal field theory involved in the techniques studied.

A relação entre as hormonas sexuais e a voz no sexo feminino

Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

Abordagens de estudo e performance da obra Responsório ao vento para violoncelo solo de Sílvio Ferraz

Recognized for his relevant writing for the cello, Silvio Ferraz wrote , in 2012, Segundo Responsório for cello solo and chamber group which followed Responsório ao Vento , a version of the same piece for solo cello . The work is characterized by the idea of continuity of sound moving through different textures , timbres , dynamics and musical gestures. The composer uses extended techniques, such as large sections in sul tasto playing three strings simultaneously, trills of natural harmonics , muffled trills with natural harmonics , col legno batuto , different types of glissando and simultaneous sounds of harmonic and non harmonic notes corroborate to a wealth of sounds and layers that create different textures. This article investigates the relationship of the composer with the cello, and relates Responsório ao Vento to his other works and studies the influences of the composer addressing technical and interpretive aspects of the piece drawn from performance experiences.

Buraco negros, correspondência AdS/BCFT e fluido/gravidade

Einstein’s equations with negative cosmological constant possess the so-called anti de Sitter space, AdSd+1, as one of its solutions. We will later refer to this space as to the "bulk". The holographic principle states that quantum gravity in the AdSd+1 space can be encoded by a d−dimensional quantum field theory on the boundary of AdSd+1 space, invariant under conformal transformations, a CFTd. In the most famous example, the precise statement is the duality of the type IIB string theory in the space AdS5 × S 5 and the 4−dimensional N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. Another example is provided by a relation between Einstein’s equations in the bulk and hydrodynamic equations describing the effective theory on the boundary, the so-called fluid/gravity correspondence. An extension of the "AdS/CFT duality"for the CFT’s with boundary was proposed by Takayanagi, which was dubbed the AdS/BCFT correspondence. The boundary of a CFT extends to the bulk and restricts a region of the AdSd+1. Neumann conditions imposed on the extension of the boundary yield a dynamic equation that determines the shape of the extension. From the perspective of fluid/gravity correspondence, the shape of the Neumann boundary, and the geometry of the bulk is sourced by the energy-momentum tensor Tµν of a fluid residing on this boundary. Clarifying the relation of the Takayanagi’s proposal to the fluid/gravity correspondence, we will study the consistence of the AdS/BCFT with finite temperature CFT’s, or equivalently black hole geometries in the bulk.

O emprego do imalt como solução interpretativo-composicional em 3 obras autorais para violão

The task of expression undertaken by the performer falls largely on the right hand of guitarist. Aware of this fact, past and present masters have left their contributions to the development of right hand technique. It is clear, with rare exceptions, that educational and interpretative proposals, so far, have addressed the attack on the strings from the flexion of the fingers. This work, however, presents a technical resource called imalt, including in the attack action, the extension movement. Some techniques used in specific circumstances, such as the dedillo, the alzapúa, the tremulo and the rasgueado also use extension movements in the attack. They are put in perspective with the imalt providing a panoramic view of their individual characteristics. The use of imalt in the traditional guitar repertoire is exemplified in Villa Lobos, Ponce and Brouwer. Three pieces were composed for this work: Shravana, Alegoria and Vandana. Compositional techniques such as melodic contour applying and ostinato have been reviewed and used in the preparation of these compositions. A detailed record of compositional trajectory is presented. Therefore, the Model for the Compositional Process Accompaniment according Silva (2007) is used. Some events that have left the imalt in evidence are reported, as the launch and distribution of the Compact Disc (CD) Imalt, publishing scores and interviews. Finally is presented concluding comments, pointing possibilities opened up by this work.

Infiltração de sal de alumínio em fibras de sisal para obtenção de fibras de alumina

ANDRADE JR., T. E. et al. Infiltração de sal de alumínio em fibras de sisal para obtenção de fibras de alumina. Cerâmica, v.51, n.317, p.37-41.ISSN 0366-6913. Disponível em:. Acesso em: 06 out. 2010.

Remoção de instrumentos fraturados em Endodontia

A área da Endodontia está em constante progresso. Os materiais utilizados nos instrumentos Endodônticos, primordialmente, eram construídos com base em cordas de piano. Seguiu-se uma fase em que estes eram de aço de carbono, mas sofriam corrosão significativa devido ao cloro presente no hipoclorito de sódio, bem como aos processos de esterilização a vapor. Foi necessário evoluir novamente e foram introduzidos os instrumentos de aço inoxidável. Estes apresentavam alta resistência e dureza, mas algumas desvantagens devido à falta de flexibilidade. Atualmente, os instrumentos de NiTi proporcionam uma melhor flexibilidade e efeito de memória de forma. A fratura de instrumentos em Endodontia pode ocorrer por dois grandes fatores: a torção e a flexão por fadiga cíclica, podendo também ser a conjugação de ambos. Fatores anatômicos, como a curvatura e a largura do canal ou outros fatores como ciclos de esterilização, número de usos, etc., podem influenciar uma fratura mais precoce dos instrumentos. A incidência da fratura de instrumentos, embora seja pouco frequente, pode ser reduzida a um mínimo absoluto se os clínicos usarem as características de torque e de stress adequadas. Um bom conhecimento dos procedimentos clínicos, da anatomia, dos materiais e a utilização de instrumentos como o microscópio podem ajudar a prevenir ou a resolver a fratura dos instrumentos. No entanto, a melhor forma de prevenir a fratura é a sua prevenção. A desinfeção é o procedimento mais importante para o sucesso de um tratamento Endodôntico, portanto para que isto seja possível, é necessária uma boa conformação canalar. A presença de um instrumento no interior do canal pode comprometer a desinfecção, especialmente caso tenha ocorrido numa fase precoce da preparação canalar. Aquando da fratura de um instrumento, deve-se refletir sobre os procedimentos a seguir, podendo-se optar por várias abordagens, nomeadamente pela manutenção do instrumento no canal e obturação incorporando o fragmento, pela remoção do segmento através de diversas técnicas (ultrassons ou técnicas de microtubos, etc.), e ainda pela realização do bypass ou pela cirurgia Endodôntica. Em última instância pode ser realizada a extração do elemento dentário.

Infiltração de sal de alumínio em fibras de sisal para obtenção de fibras de alumina

ANDRADE JR., T. E. et al. Infiltração de sal de alumínio em fibras de sisal para obtenção de fibras de alumina. Cerâmica, v.51, n.317, p.37-41.ISSN 0366-6913. Disponível em:. Acesso em: 06 out. 2010.

Influência da profundidade e dos parâmetros ambientais sobre o desenvolvimento de Gracilaria birdiae (Rhodophyta, Gracilariales) em viveiro de camarão

This study evaluates the influence of depth and environmental parameters on the development of Gracilaria birdiae Plastino & Oliveira (Gracilariaceae Rhodophyta) in an organic shrimp pound (Litopenaeus vannamei) under euthrophical conditions. PVC structures (module) witch four ropes laden with 150 g of macroalgae each, were kept during 35 days at three different depths (surface, 10 and 20 cm depth). Wet biomass weighing and environmental parameters (temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH, transparence, precipitation, evaporation, insolation, accumulated solar radiation, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium and orthophosphate) were measured weekly. At all three proposed depths, the macroalgae displayed a higher biomass at the end of experiment than at the initial inoculations. The module kept at a 10 cm depth presented the greatest average biomass (186,3), followed by that kept at 20 cm (180,4 g) and the surface module (169,9 g). Biomass variations showed algae to suffer the direct effects of depths. Biomass loss was associated with the factors that influence light penetration, such as sediment deposits above the thallus, rate of evaporation and precipitation. The smallest loses occurred in the algae kept on surface (0,16%), followed by the algae kept at 20 cm (0,20%) and 10 cm (0,22%). The specific growth rate (SGR) of G. birdiae showed no significant difference between the three depths nor the sample periods. Nevertheless, the modules kept at 10 and 20 cm depths presented similar growth evolution, both growing 0,38%·per day-1, while the module kept on surface had an average SGR of 0,36%·day-1. The models related to growth rate demonstrated temperature, salinity, pH, orthophosphate, ammonium, precipitation and turbidity as the principal environmental parameters influencing the development of G. birdiae

Experiências formativas de jovens instrumentistas : um estudo a partir de entrevistas narrativas

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Artes, Departamento de Música, Programa de Pós-graduação em Música, 2015.