降解聚β-羟基丁酸酯的真菌的研究

从不同来源的活性污泥中分离筛选出一株可降解聚β -羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的真菌 ,初步鉴定为青霉 (Penicillium .sp) ,编号DS 971 3 .降解特性研究表明 ,DS 971 3菌株对PHB膜的降解可分为两个阶段 ,即迟缓阶段和等速降解阶段 .PHB的非晶部分易于被降解 .该菌降解PHB膜的最适温度为 3 0℃ ,最适pH值为 6 0～ 6 8.

聚β-羟基丁酸酯和聚ε-己内酯的酯交换反应

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂 ,研究了聚 β 羟基丁酸酯 (PHB)与聚ε 己内酯 (PCL)在液相条件下的酯交换反应 .讨论了反应时间 ,反应温度和催化剂浓度对酯交换反应的影响 .采用1 3C NMR ,FTIR ,DSC ,WAXD和TGA等方法对PHB和PCL共聚酯 (PHB co PCL)的结构进行了表征 ,并对其结晶行为、晶体结构和热稳定性进行了研究 .结果表明 ,通过酯交换反应 ,所得到的共聚酯为嵌段共聚物 .提高反应温度和延长反应时间有利于酯交换反应的发生 .随着酯交换量的增加 ,PHB co PCL的结晶行为发生很大的变化 .但是 ,PHB co PCL晶体结构并没有因为PCL链段的引入而发生变化 ,而且它的热稳定性在空气气氛中略有提高

聚β-羟基丁酸酯解聚酶的纯化及性质

对DS9701菌株产生的聚β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)解聚酶进行了分离、纯化及有关性质的表征.通过SephadexG-100分离出两种PHB解聚酶(E1和E2),经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电脉检测为一条谱带.E1的最适反应温度为40℃～45℃,稳定性优于E2,最适反应pH=4.0,稳定范围3.6～7.0,Km值为0.182g/L.E2的最适反应温度为40℃,pH=6.0,稳定范围4.0～8.0,Km值为0.65g/L.通过质谱仪测得E1的相对分子质量为4.5×104,E2的相对分子质量为4.4×104.

聚β-羟基丁酸酯解聚酶相关性质的研究

从不同环境和地域的活性污泥中分离筛选出 3种可降解聚 β 羟基丁酸酯 (PHB)的菌株 ,编号分别为DS970 1、DS971 0和DS971 3。对其所产生的PHB解聚酶的相关性质进行了研究。 3种菌株所产生的PHB解聚酶均是胞外酶 ,同时又都是诱导酶。不同菌株分泌PHB解聚酶的规律不同 ,但酶活力达到高峰的时间均为 96h。 3种粗酶液的表观最适反应温度均为 40℃～ 45℃ ,对粗酶液的最适反应pH也进行了表征。

聚β-羟基丁酸酯顺丁烯二酸酐接枝共聚物的等温结晶动力学和熔融行为

采用DSC方法对聚 β 羟基丁酸酯顺丁烯二酸酐接枝共聚物 (PHB g MA)的等温结晶动力学和熔融行为进行了研究 .结果表明 ,顺丁烯二酸酐的引入使得聚 β 羟基丁酸酯的结晶能力下降 ,但是并没有改变它的结晶成核机理和生长方式 .随着接枝率的增加 ,结晶活化能增加 .等温结晶后的PHB g MA表现出双熔融行为 ,这是在升温过程中发生熔融重结晶的结果

Miscibility, crystallization kinetics, and morphology of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) and poly(methyl acrylate) blends

The miscibility, spherulite growth kinetics, and morphology of binary blends of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) were studied with differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). As the PMA content increases in the blends, the glass-transition temperature and cold-crystallization temperature increase, but the melting point decreases. The interaction parameter between PHB and PMA, obtained from an analysis of the equilibrium-melting-point depression, is -0.074. The presence of an amorphous PMA component results in a reduction in the rate of spherulite growth of PRE. The radial growth rates of spherulites were analyzed with the Lauritzen-Hoffman model. The spherulites of PHB were volume-filled, indicating the inclusion of PMA within the spherulites. The long period obtained from SAXS increases with increased PMA content, implying that the amorphous PMA is entrapped in the interlamellar region of PHB during the crystallization process of PHB. All the results presented show that PHB and PMA are miscible in the melt. (C) 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Mechanical properties of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(ethylene oxide) blends

Tensile properties of poly (P-hydroxybutyrate)/poly (ethylene oxide) (PHB/PEO) blends were reported in this paper. It was found that the blends of PHB with different molecular-weight PEO exhibited different mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the blends of PHB and PEO3 (M-w=0.3x10(6)) were very poor. However, the blends of PHB and PEO5 (M-w=5x10(6)) showed compatible in mechanical properties. Excellent synergism was observed not only in tensile stress and tensile elongation but also in modulus. Moreover, the ductility of the blends could be improved further under proper heat-treatment.

Study on the properties of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) grafted with maleic anhydride

The thermal stability, crystallization behavior and biodegradability of poly(beta -hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) grafted with maleic anhydride (MA) were studied by DSC,TGA, optical microscopy and WAXD. The results showed that thermal stability of maleated PHB was obviously improved, comparing with that of pure PHB. The temperature of decomposition was enhanced about 20 degreesC After grafting MA, the crystallization behavior of PHB changed evidently. The rate of spherulite growth decreased, the crystallization temperature from the melt state reduced, and the cold crystallization temperature from the glass state increased. With the increase in graft degree, the banding texture of spherulite became more distinct and orderly. Moreover, the introduction of MA groups promoted the biodegradation of PHB.

聚β-羟基丁酸酯/聚氧化乙烯共混体系力学性能研究

本文详细研究了可完全生物降解的聚 β 羟基丁酸酯 (PHB)与水溶性聚氧化乙烯 (PEO)两元共混体系的拉伸力学性能 .讨论了PEO分子量、共混组成及热处理条件对共混体系力学性能的影响 .其中 ,PHB与超高分子量PEO(重均分子量 5× 10 6)共混 ,两组分力学上具有相容性 ,共混物的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率及模量都有明显的正的协同效应 .共混改性效果显著PHB的力学性能得到很大改善 ,尤其PHB的脆性缺陷 .并且 ,共混物在经过适当温度退火处理之后 ,共混物性能还可进一步改善

聚β-羟基丁酸酯顺丁烯二酸酐接枝共聚物的研究

采用DSC、TGA、POM和WAXD等方法对聚 β 羟基丁酸酯 (PHB)及其接枝顺丁烯二酸酐共聚物 (PHB g MA)的结晶行为、热稳定性和生物降解特性进行了研究 .结果表明接枝产物的热稳定性明显优于PHB ,热分解温度提高了 2 0余度 ;结晶行为发生很大的变化 .结晶速率减小 ,结晶温度降低 ,冷结晶温度升高 ,球晶的织态结构也随着MA接枝量的变化发生明显变化 ,并且接枝MA促进了PHB的生物降解

聚β-羟基丁酸酯接枝顺丁烯二酸酐的研究

采用自由基引发聚合方法研究了聚 β-羟基丁酸酯 ( PHB)与顺丁烯二酸酐 ( MA)的接枝反应 .讨论了各种因素 ,如溶剂种类、单体浓度、引发剂浓度、反应时间和温度等对接枝反应的影响 ,确定了合成 PHB接枝 MA的最佳反应条件 .采用对酸酐基团进行化学滴定和 1 3C NMR检测等方法对产物的接枝率和结构进行了表征 .结果表明 ,MA成功的接枝到 PHB大分子链上 ,接枝率可以控制在 0 .3%～ 0 .85%范围内.

Miscibility and crystallization behavior of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(ethylene oxide) blends

The miscibility and crystallization behavior of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and polarizing microscopy (POM). It is found that the miscibility is related to the composition of the blends. When the PEO content is over 20 percent, the miscible blends turn into partially miscible and the phase separation can be observed with POM. The addition of the PEO influences not only the morphology of PHB crystals and the radial growth rate of spherulites, but also the cold crystallization temperature.

Nonisothermal crystallization and melting behavior of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate)-poly(vinyl-acetate) blends

Nonisothermal crystallization and melting behavior of poly(P-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)-poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) blends from the melt were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry using various cooling rates. The results show that crystallization of PHB from the melt in the PHB-PVAc blends depends greatly upon cooling rates and blend compositions. For a given composition, the crystallization process begins at higher temperatures when slower scanning rates are used. At a given cooling rate, the presence of PVAc reduces the overall PHB crystallization rate. The Avrami analysis modified by Jeziorny and a new method were used to describe the nonisothermal crystallization process of PHB-PVAc blends very well. The double-melting phenomenon is found to be caused by crystallization during heating in DSC. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Isothermal crystallization kinetics and melting behavior of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate)/poly(vinyl acetate) blends

The overall isothermal crystallization kinetics and melting behavior of poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) blends were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The Avrami analysis indicates that the addition of PVAc into PHB results in the decrease in the overall crystallization rate of the PHB phase, but does not affect PHB's nucleation mechanism and geometry of crystal growth. The activation energy of the overall process of crystallization increases with the increasing PVAc content in the blends. The phenomenon of multiple melting endotherms is observed, which is caused by melting and recrystallization during the DSC heating run. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

聚β-羟基丁酸酯/超高分子量聚氧化乙烯共混体系相容性和结晶行为

为了解决废弃塑料引起的“白色污染”问题，世界各国竞相研制开发可生物降解高分子材料，其中，有关聚β羟基丁酸酯［poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)(PHB)］的研究尤其活跃．然而，由于商品价格较高，材料本身抗冲击性能较差、加工窗口较窄等限制…