Otimização da torre de arrefecimento da Artlant PTA

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Engenharia Química e Biológica

Caracterização dos consumos energéticos e estudo do potencial de melhoria da eficiência energética em edifícios de escritórios

A forte preocupação ambiental, nomeadamente a emissão de Gases com Efeito de Estufa (GEE), aliada à constante ameaça do esgotamento dos combustíveis de origem fóssil, leva à necessidade de consumir energia de forma mais eficiente. Neste sentido, surge a promoção da eficiência energética nos diversos sectores consumidores de energia em todo o Mundo. Sabendo que passamos mais de 80% do nosso tempo dentro de edifícios, e que cerca de 40% da energia mundial é consumida nos mesmos [ADENE], é importante operar no sentido de promover a utilização racional de energia e incentivar ao consumo eficiente da mesma nos edifícios. Apesar do esforço que tem sido realizado a nível nacional, no sentido de melhorar a eficiência energética em edifícios de serviços, através da implementação de legislação diversa e de vários programas de incentivo, existem ainda várias lacunas a serem colmatadas e muito trabalho a fazer nesse sentido. Por tudo isto, e principalmente por ter constantemente em mente premissas como “a energia mais barata é aquela que não se consome” ou “não podemos gerir aquilo que não medimos”, surgiu a ideia de realizar esta dissertação, onde inicialmente através de dados provenientes de telecontagem se desenvolve uma tentativa de padronização/tipificação do consumo eléctrico em seis edifícios de escritórios, identificando-se assim algumas situações anómalas em diversos diagramas de carga construídos. Relaciona-se também o consumo eléctrico dos seis edifícios com algumas variáveis exógenas, de modo a perceber a influência das mesmas no consumo eléctrico de cada edifício. Numa vertente mais prática, foram identificadas e quantificadas potenciais medidas de melhoria, comportamentais e técnicas, num dos edifícios em estudo, de modo a poder contribuir para a redução do consumo energético do mesmo. Espera-se que este trabalho, possa eventualmente constituir uma ajuda na caracterização de consumos e detecção de medidas de melhoria em edifícios de escritórios, alcançando a eficiência energética neste tipo de instalações e facilitando assim o trabalho de vários profissionais do sector. Pretende-se igualmente demonstrar a importância da eficiência energética na gestão do uso da energia eléctrica em edifícios, e efectuar um paralelo entre a energia economizada por meio da implementação de medidas/acções de uso racional e eficiente, com a redução da queima de combustíveis fosseis na geração de energia eléctrica e a sua consequente redução nas emissões de dióxido de carbono (CO2), com o objectivo final de melhorar a qualidade de vida no nosso planeta.

Sistemas de bombagem de água utilizando energia solar fotovoltaica

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Estudo da sensibilidade materna em díades de risco biológico, ambiental e acumulado

Dissertação apresentada na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Intervenção Precoce

POST-PROCESSING TECHNIQUES SUITABILITY FOR MESOLEVEL FREE BOUNDARY FLOWS

Reliable flow simulation software is inevitable to determine an optimal injection strategy in Liquid Composite Molding processes. Several methodologies can be implemented into standard software in order to reduce CPU time. Post-processing techniques might be one of them. Post-processing a finite element solution is a well-known procedure, which consists in a recalculation of the originally obtained quantities such that the rate of convergence increases without the need for expensive remeshing techniques. Post-processing is especially effective in problems where better accuracy is required for derivatives of nodal variables in regions where Dirichlet essential boundary condition is imposed strongly. In previous works influence of smoothness of non-homogeneous Dirichlet condition, imposed on smooth front was examined. However, usually quite a non-smooth boundary is obtained at each time step of the infiltration process due to discretization. Then direct application of post-processing techniques does not improve final results as expected. The new contribution of this paper lies in improvement of the standard methodology. Improved results clearly show that the recalculated flow front is closer to the ”exact” one, is smoother that the previous one and it improves local disturbances of the “exact” solution.

Estudo descritivo do perfil de utilizador da linha Saúde 24 com análise de impacto ao nível da eficiência, equidade e empowerment em comparação com o modelo inglês NHS Direct

RESUMO - A 8 de Maio de 2008 surgiu o centro de atendimento “Linha Saúde24” (S24) no sentido de modernizar o SNS, aproximando-o do cidadão. O serviço surge baseado no modelo inglês – o NHS Direct – que pode ser encarado como um serviço de informação telefónico apoiado por enfermeiros, disponível 24h por dia, concebido para expandir os serviços púbicos de acesso à rede prestadora de cuidados com intuito de aliviar a pressão da procura na rede de urgências hospitalares e médicos de família, assim como diluir as iniquidades regionais na prestação de serviços. A S24 assenta na perspectiva de ser um ponto de contacto inicial do utente com a rede de prestação de cuidados de saúde com capacidade de orientação. O objectivo da linha está na tentativa mais eficiente no uso dos recursos disponíveis, ao mesmo tempo que delega responsabilidade no cidadão na forma como este utiliza os recursos disponíveis, com melhor racionalização financeira na área da saúde aliada a uma melhor qualidade de serviço prestada e adequada, colocando os cidadãos no mesmo patamar, diluindo as dificuldades de acesso a aqueles que necessitam na tentativa de harmonizar e racionalizar o consumo de serviços de saúde. Esta estrutura permite ao cidadão conhecer melhor o seu estado de saúde e decidir mais acertadamente quanto à decisão a tomar. Com este estudo, e com base na literatura nacional e internacional, pretende-se descrever o perfil de utilizador que acede à S24 – definir o tipo de utilizador, disposição geográfica, motivos pelo qual acede ao serviço e qual o seu destino final, fazendo comparação com o perfil do NHS Direct. Assim, e com os dados obtidos, far-se-á uma avaliação preliminar em termos do contributo da linha S24 no que concerne à sua eficiência, equidade e empowerment dado ao utilizador. --- ------------------------------ABSTRACT - Saúde 24 (S24) is a national 24-hour health line initiated in May 2008 aiming at modernizing the Portuguese NHS by bringing it closer to the citizen. Indeed, S24 be seen as an initial contact point between the patient and the healthcare network, facilitating a better a management of health care demand. The service is inspired on the UK NHS Direct – a nurse-led telephone line to provide easier and faster advice information to people about health, illness and NHS services. It is expected to provide information so that people can deal with their health problems or their families´ on their own, with the purpose of reducing demand to A&E department and out-of-hours GP services. Additionally it can contribute to a reduction in regional inequities in healthcare provision through bringing health care advice to remote areas. The purpose of S24 is to handle more efficiently the available resources by enabling responsibilities in citizens. By doing so, S24 encourages a more appropriate use of available resources, with better financial outcomes and a better quality of care. It is meant, in terms of empowerment, to help people to be in control of their health and healthcare interactions by participating in the final decision. Based on quantitative data, this study defines the S24 caller user profile in terms of type, geographical reference, reasons for calling and outcome. This analysis allows us to perform a preliminary evaluation of the S24 in terms of its contribution to efficiency, equity and empowerment. Then the S24 is compared to

Support System for Rational Use of Electric Energy

This paper presents the system developed to promote the rational use of electric energy among consumers and, thus, increase the energy efficiency. The goal is to provide energy consumers with an application that displays the energy consumption/production profiles, sets up consuming ceilings, defines automatic alerts and alarms, compares anonymously consumers with identical energy usage profiles by region and predicts, in the case of non-residential installations, the expected consumption/production values. The resulting distributed system is organized in two main blocks: front-end and back-end. The front-end includes user interface applications for Android mobile devices and Web browsers. The back-end provides data storage and processing functionalities and is installed in a cloud computing platform - the Google App Engine - which provides a standard Web service interface. This option ensures interoperability, scalability and robustness to the system.

A hierarquia dos determinantes da estrutura de capital em empresas portuguesas

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentado ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Contabilidade e Finanças, sob orientação de Adalmiro Álvaro Malheiro de Castro Andrade Pereira

Castor fiber na gruta do Caldeirão Existência, distribuição e extinção do castor em Portugal

Beaver only had been found in Portugal in a Chalcolithic locality, the Vila Nova de S. Pedro castrum. It has now been idenrified in the Upper Paleolithic (Solurrean) from Gruta do Caldeirão, near Tomar. The species has been found recently at «Gruta do Almonda»; 4 teeth were collected in bed C, older than a Solutrean sequence (see Anexo for details). The species seems to have been rare, as it was also the case with portuguese miocene Castoridae Enroxenomys minutus and Chalicomys jaegeri. If account is taken of the presence in the Middle Ages until Castille of words meaning beaver (related to the popular latin Fiber/Biber), it is obvious that these animals still existed then. Such nouns were largely predominant over the rather erudite larin (greek derived) words as Castor, -óris and derived ones, as it could be expected. This allowed us to recognize that veiro should be the corresponding word with Fiber affinities in archaic portuguese. It was previously supposed to mean only expensive furs then imported into Portugal. Indeed it was also a zoonym. Anyway, beaver should be scarce by XIIIth century since it is not included in the quite detailed price list imposed by the «Lei da Almotaçaria» from December 26, 1253 (see Quadro II). Toponyms in veiro and derived words (fig. 2; Quadro III) (plural, feminines, diminutives, inhabited places) give a restrictive view of the Middle Age distribution. Some of them are certainly older than Portugal itself (first half of XIIth century); others existed by the XIVth century but were probably older. Some rare toponyms seem to be derived from rhe erudite latin Castor, -óris. Nothing suggests that these words were still in use as zoonyms during the Middle Ages. All toponyms are located in regions near rivers and other freshwaters ecologically suitable for beavers, so wecan approximately retrace irs former, Middle Age distribution in Portugal (fig. 2; Quadro III). Most of them are located in the Center-West and Northwest of Portugal, with a suitable c1imate (rainfall in general over 800 milimeters per year); the only sure geographical exception is Veiros, in Alto Alentejo province, in a region with comparable precipitations and less dry climare conditions than most of the territories South of the Tagus. There are less and less of these toponyms towards the South and the inner part of the country, and they are enrirely lacking in ali drier regions from Trás-os-Montes, Beira, Alentejo beyond Tagus' basin, and in Algarve. Nothing suggests beavers lived there, No pose-medieval toponym is known, nor any reference after middle XVth century. No such locality was at, or close by to, any frontier. Hence the hypothesis of veiro (e: al.) as meaning but points where expensive furs(supposedly known as veiros in general but without clearly saying from what animal they were obtained from) is to be discarded. During the Middle Ages, beaver distribution concerned all the main river basins from Minho to Tagus ones. Quice racefied in the XIIIth, the beavers may have disappeared from Portugal during the XVth century. Ecological requirements restricted their former distribution. Vulnerability to natural causes (i.e., severe drought) and to human pressure may have accounted heavily for this species extinction. Last (1446) reference for Portugal known to us suggests the species was by then almost extinct.

A importância do processo ensino: aprendizagem do trompete entre a música erudita e o jazz, tendo como objetivo a versatilidade na performance: relatório de estágio

Resumo I (Prática Pedagógica) - O Relatório de estágio foi concebido no âmbito da Unidade Curricular de Estágio do Ensino Especializado, Mestrado em Ensino da Música pela Escola Superior de Música de Lisboa. Assim, este documento assenta sobre a prática pedagógica desenvolvida no Conservatório de Música David de Sousa – Polo Pombal no ano letivo 2014-2015, abrangendo três alunos de diferentes graus de ensino. Neste Relatório será caracterizado o estabelecimento de ensino onde decorreu o estágio, assim como o desempenho que cada aluno teve durante o ano letivo, salientando os aspetos de competência motora, auditiva e expressiva. Este trabalho consistiu na avaliação do meu desempenho enquanto docente de trompete, permitindo-me refletir sobre os pontos bons e menos bons do meu trabalho, para que no futuro me seja possível atingir um nível mais elevado na minha atividade docente.

(E)xperimental study of the porosity and microstructure of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with binary and ternary mixes of fly ash and limestone filler

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) can soon be expected to replace conventional concrete due to its many advantages. Its main characteristics in the fresh state are achieved essentially by a higher volume of mortar (more ultrafine material) and a decrease of the coarse-aggregates. The use of over-large volumes of additions such as fly ash (FA) and/or limestone filler (LF) can substantially affect the concrete's pore structure and consequently its durability. In this context, an experimental programme was conducted to evaluate the effect on the concrete's porosity and microstructure of incorporating FA and LF in binary and ternary mixes of SCC. For this, a total of 11 SIX mixes were produced; 1 with cement only (C); 3 with C + FA in 30%, 60% and 70% substitution (fad); 3 with C + LF in 30%, 60% and 70% fad; 4 with C + FA + LF in combinations of 10-20%, 20-10%, 20-40% and 40-20% f(ad), respectively. The results enabled conclusions to be established regarding the SCC's durability, based on its permeability and the microstructure of its pore structure. The properties studied are strongly affected by the type and quantity of additions. The use of ternary mixes also proves to be extremely favourable, confirming the beneficial effect of the synergy between these additions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

O Processo de internacionalização da música portuguesa: contexto histórico, desafios atuais e futuro

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto de Contabilidade e Administração do Porto para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Empreendedorismo e Internacionalização, sob orientação do Professor Doutor Freitas Santos

A Distributed System for the Dissemination of DGPS Data through the Internet

In this paper we describe a low cost distributed system intended to increase the positioning accuracy of outdoor navigation systems based on the Global Positioning System (GPS). Since the accuracy of absolute GPS positioning is insufficient for many outdoor navigation tasks, another GPS based methodology – the Differential GPS (DGPS) – was developed in the nineties. The differential or relative positioning approach is based on the calculation and dissemination of the range errors of the received GPS satellites. GPS/DGPS receivers correlate the broadcasted GPS data with the DGPS corrections, granting users increased accuracy. DGPS data can be disseminated using terrestrial radio beacons, satellites and, more recently, the Internet. Our goal is to provide mobile platforms within our campus with DGPS data for precise outdoor navigation. To achieve this objective, we designed and implemented a three-tier client/server distributed system that, first, establishes Internet links with remote DGPS sources and, then, performs campus-wide dissemination of the obtained data. The Internet links are established between data servers connected to remote DGPS sources and the client, which is the data input module of the campus-wide DGPS data provider. The campus DGPS data provider allows the establishment of both Intranet and wireless links within the campus. This distributed system is expected to provide adequate support for accurate outdoor navigation tasks.

An internet DGPS service for precise outdoor navigation

The goal of the work presented in this paper is to provide mobile platforms within our campus with a GPS based data service capable of supporting precise outdoor navigation. This can be achieved by providing campus-wide access to real time Differential GPS (DGPS) data. As a result, we designed and implemented a three-tier distributed system that provides Internet data links between remote DGPS sources and the campus and a campus-wide DGPS data dissemination service. The Internet data link service is a two-tier client/server where the server-side is connected to the DGPS station and the client-side is located at the campus. The campus-wide DGPS data provider disseminates the DGPS data received at the campus via the campus Intranet and via a wireless data link. The wireless broadcast is intended for portable receivers equipped with a DGPS wireless interface and the Intranet link is provided for receivers with a DGPS serial interface. The application is expected to provide adequate support for accurate outdoor campus navigation tasks.

Real Time Internet DGPS Service

The accuracy of the Navigation Satellite Timing and Ranging (NAVSTAR) Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements is insufficient for many outdoor navigation tasks. As a result, in the late nineties, a new methodology – the Differential GPS (DGPS) – was developed. The differential approach is based on the calculation and dissemination of the range errors of the GPS satellites received. GPS/DGPS receivers correlate the broadcasted GPS data with the DGPS corrections, granting users increased accuracy. DGPS data can be disseminated using terrestrial radio beacons, satellites and, more recently, the Internet. Our goal is to provide mobile platforms within our campus with DGPS data for precise outdoor navigation. To achieve this objective, we designed and implemented a three-tier client/server distributed system that establishes Internet links with remote DGPS sources and performs campus-wide dissemination of the obtained data. The Internet links are established between data servers connected to remote DGPS sources and the client, which is the data input module of the campus-wide DGPS data provider. The campus DGPS data provider allows the establishment of both Intranet and wireless links within the campus. This distributed system is expected to provide adequate support for accurate (submetric) outdoor navigation tasks.