955 resultados para 2,4-dichlorophenol
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Abstract de congreso: Póster presentado en 12th International Conference on Materials Chemistry (MC12), 20 - 23 July 2015, York, United Kingdom
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Nesse estudo, foram preparadas bases poliméricas derivadas de 2,6-dimetilpiridinas e tereftaladeído utilizando a 2,4,6-trimetilpiridina como agente de reticulação. As resinas foram sintetizadas sob aquecimento convencional e purificadas por precipitação em metanol, apresentando rendimentos variando de 59 a 95%. Os copolímeros produzidos foram caracterizados por análise termogravimétrica (TGA), ressonância nuclear magnética de núcleo de hidrogênio (RMN-1H) e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com técnica de ATR (FTIR - ATR), além de sua atividade básica. A capacidade catalítica do material produzido foi avaliada em reações nitroaldólicas, do tipo Henry, tanto em aquecimento convencional quanto com o uso de reator de micro-ondas. Não sendo observada atividade catalítica significativa para as resinas testadas, nestas reações. O material polimérico produzido também foi testado como suporte para cobre na catálise de reações de cicloadição heterodipolar do tipo [3+2] com benzilazida e propiolato de etila, para a formação de triazóis, processadas em reator de micro-ondas e sob aquecimento convencional. A reação mostrou-se regiosseletiva e processos de reciclo do catalisador se mostrou eficiente em reações consecutivas
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A novel pair of the E- and Z-isomeric 1R,4R-2-(4-heptyloxyphenyl)-benzylidene-p-menthan-3-ones has been prepared and the influence of distinctions in their molecular geometry on macroscopic properties of liquid crystal systems with the induced supra-molecular helical structure has been studied. The significantly lower helical twisting power of the chiral Z-isomer in comparison with that of E- one has been confirmed in the case of induced cholesteric systems based on 4-pentyl-4-cyanobiphenyl. The phase behavior and ferroelectric characteristics have been investigated for smectic-C* compositions based on the eutectic mixture of the homological 4-hexyloxyphenyl-4'-hexyloxy- and 4-hexyloxyphenyl-4'-octyloxybenzoates containing the novel isomeric chiral dopants. The spontaneous polarisation of the opposite signs induced by the isomeric chiral components has been revealed for the compositions studied. Distinctions in phase states, absolute values of the spontaneous polarization, smectic tilt angle and rotation viscosity of the systems obtained are discussed.
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Some 1R,4R-2-(4-phenylbenzylidene)-p-menthane-3-one derivatives containing the ether or ester linking group between benzene rings of the arylidene fragment have been studied as chiral dopants in ferroelectric liquid crystal systems based on the eutectic mixture (1:1) of two phenylbenzoate derivatives CmH2m+1OC6H4COOC6 H4OCnH2n+1 (n = 6; m = 8, 10). The ferroelectric properties of these compositions (spontaneous polarization, rotation viscosity, smectic tilt angle as well as quantitative characteristics of their concentration dependences) were compared with those for systems including chiral dopants containing no linking group. Ferroelectric parameters of the induced ferroelectric compositions studied have been shown to depend essentially on the presence of the linking group between benzene rings and its nature as well as on the number of the benzene rings in the rigid molecular core of the chiral dopants used. For all ferroelectric liquid crystal systems studied, the influence of the chiral dopants on the thermal stability of N*, SmA and SmC* mesophases has been quantified. The influence of the linking group nature in the dopant molecules on the characteristics of the systems studied is discussed taking into account results of the conformational analysis carried out by the semi-empirical AM1 and PM3 methods.
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(1R,4R)-2-(4-Hydroxybenzylidene)- and (1R,4R)-2-(4′-hydroxybiphenyl- 4-yl)methylene-p-menthan-3-ones were synthesized by condensation of (-)-menthone with O-tetrahydropyran-2-yl derivatives of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4′-hydroxy-4-formylbiphenyl, respectively, in a DMSO - base medium followed by the removal of the protective group. The reactions of these hydroxy derivatives with 4-alkylbenzoic, 4-alkyloxybenzoic, trans-4-alkylcyclohexane-4- carboxylic, and 4′-alkylbiphenyl-4-carboxylic acids afforded three series of new chiral esters. Compounds containing the arylidene moiety with three benzene rings were found to exhibit liquid-crystalline properties. The characteristic features of these compounds are discussed based on the results of studies by polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and small-angle X-ray scattering. It was found that the mesomorphic compounds under study can form a smectic A mesophase, twist grain boundary mesophases (TGBA), and blue phases in a wide temperature range. Upon dissolution of certain of chiral compounds in 4′-cyano-4-pentylbiphenyl, a rather high twisting power and the thermal stabilizing effect on mesophases were observed.
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用超细Sephadex G-75凝胶色谱和C4反相高效液相色谱从竹叶青(Trimeresurus stejnegeri)蛇毒中分离纯化5种磷脂酶A_(2),并分别命名为PLA_(2)-Ⅰ(SWISS-PROT,P82892)、Ⅱ(SWISS-PROT,P82893)、Ⅲ(SWISS-PROT,P82894)、Ⅳ(SWISS-PROT,P82895)、Ⅴ(SWISS-PROT,P82896)。SDS-PAGE测定它们的分子量分别为14.0、15.8、15.0、14.0和14.0kDa。等电聚焦电泳测得PLA_(2)-Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ呈碱性,等电点大于8.8;PLA_(2)-Ⅳ和Ⅴ呈酸性,等电点分别为5.2和4.7。PLA_(2)-Ⅳ和Ⅴ有水解卵磷脂活性。用自动Edman降解法测定了PLA_(2)-Ⅴ的全部氨基酸序列和PLA_(2)-Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的N-端部分氨基酸序列。PLA_(2)-Ⅴ由122个氨基酸残基组成,有14个Cys,并与其它来源的PLA_(2)的氨基酸序列进行了比较。
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利用14C标记1,2,7,8-四氯代二苯并二噁英(1,2,7,8Tetrachloro[U—14C]dibenzodioxin,14C1,2,7,8TCDD)初步研究了其在鲤体内的分布和代谢规律。14C1,2,7,8-TCDD溶解于丙酮/植物油中,腹腔暴露。暴露1、2、4、8、12d后取样,肝脏、胆汁、腹腔脂肪等消化制样后用液闪仪测量放射性活度。肝脏和胆汁内的放射性活度同步变化,都是第8d达到峰值后下降。腹腔脂肪内1—2d放射性明显高于随后取样的样品。肝和腹腔脂肪的分布量之比呈现“S”型变化趋势。暴露4d
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应用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶电泳 ,对不同温度 (常温 30~ 33℃和低温 2 2~ 2 4℃ )人工孵化的幼鳖肝、肌、肾、心、脑等不同组织的乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH)、异柠檬酸脱氢酶 (IDH)、葡萄糖 6 磷酸脱氢酶 (G 6 PD)和酯酶(EST)等 4种同工酶和肌肉蛋白进行分析研究。结果发现 :不同温度孵化的中华鳖同工酶表达无差异。LDH和IDH的基因表达有组织特异性 ,但不存在遗传多态性 ;G 6 PD和EST同工酶具有遗传多态性。低温孵化的个体的肌肉蛋白有别于常温孵化个体的特异蛋白带。
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利用Crooijmansetal (1997)分离的包含CA重复单元的普通鲤鱼 (CyprinuscarpioL .)的 8个微卫星DNA标记 ,对从锦鲤 (CyprinuscarpioL .)的红白、大正和昭和 3个不同品系中所获得的 4个不同人工雌核发育家系的 2 0尾个体进行PCR扩增。电泳结果表明 ,8对引物在 2 0尾个体中均能重复稳定地扩增出相应的同源序列。随引物不同 ,各等位基因数为 1~ 11个 ,大小在 6 8~ 2 6 4bp。在MFW 4、MFW7、MFW 19、MFW 2 0、MF
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高分子催化剂的研究是高分子化学的重要课题之一。将金属酞菁高分子化,除有一般催化剂高分子化的特点之外,还有将催化活性中心用高分子骨架分隔开,以防生成催化活性低的二聚体,从而提高有效活性中心浓度的特殊意义。本论文研究了将4,4',4",4"'-四羧基酞菁钴(II)固载在接枝有高分子碱的二氧化硅上,合成双功能高分子催化剂。并结合2-羟基乙硫醇的氧化探索了其催化活性。以气相法4号白炭黑为载体,利用γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷的水解反应,在白炭黑表面包裹聚γ-氨丙基硅氧烷。然后在DCCI脱水剂存在下,使CoPc(COOH)_4连接上述高分子载体上。通过红外光谱分析,表明产物中有酰胺键,证明是通过共价键连接,但亦不能排除有部分是以配位键结合的。用液相共辐照方法在硅胶H上接枝聚苯乙烯,对所得产物进行了表征,根据接枝的聚苯乙烯的重均分子量大于未接枝的聚苯乙烯,认为在液相单体中共辐照,其反应机理有可能与文献上研究硅胶与苯乙烯气相共辐照或预辐照接枝共聚的机理相似。在其它条件固定时,接枝率随着辐照时间的增加而增大。将接枝在硅胶H表面的聚苯乙烯进行氨甲基化,制得高分子碱载体。其结构通过元素分析和红外光谱证明与预想的相符。另外,用液相共辐照方法,在硅胶H上接枝苯乙烯与2-(或4-)乙烯基吡啶的共聚物,而文献上制取相同的载体是用化学方法进行的。与化学方法相比,辐照法有接枝率高,方法简便的优点。实验中观察到,在单体配比相同时,接枝率随剂量增加而增加,但到达最大值后又开始下降。同时,在剂量一定的情况下,随着单体中2-乙烯基吡啶含量的增加,接枝率下降接枝共聚物中聚比(2-乙烯基吡啶/苯乙烯)也比投料比低。对上述现象进行了初步解释,根据在γ-射线辐照时,2-乙烯吡啶比苯乙烯易于引发聚合,则随着单体中2-乙烯基吡啶含量的增加,未接枝聚合反应消耗了很多2-乙烯基吡啶单体,这样用于接枝聚合的单体量减少,造成接枝率下降,以及接枝共聚物中(2-乙烯基吡啶/苯乙烯)共聚比低于投料比的情况。用裂解色谱对未接枝的苯乙烯与2-乙烯基吡啶共聚物进行了表征,实验结果表明,共聚物中2-乙烯基吡啶的百分含量与裂解产物中2-乙烯基吡啶的百分含量之间有很好的线性关系,可以用来分析苯乙烯与2-乙烯基吡啶共聚物的组成。将CoPc(COOH)_4以共价或吸附形式接到上述高分子载体上分别合成出相应的含CoPc(CHHO)_4的高分子催化剂,其中对共价键结合的产物,用原子吸收光谱法定出了轱含量。结合2-羟基乙硫醇氧化反应,初步研究催化剂活性。所合成的高分子催化剂一般在少碱甚至无碱的情况下均有一定的催化活性。当反应在水溶液中进行,CoPc(COOH)_4负载在硅胶H上接枝的聚苯乙烯氨甲基化产物上,其催化活性优于含有吡啶基团的高分子载体。当反应在聚2-乙烯基吡啶的良溶剂,聚苯乙烯的劣溶剂乙醇中进行时,表面接枝不同共聚比苯乙烯与2-乙烯基吡啶的硅胶H为催化剂载体,其催化活性随着苯乙烯含量增加而下降。初步认为是苯乙烯含量增加,表面共聚物在乙醇中溶解性变差,空间阻碍增加,吸附CoPc(COOH)_4的能力及底物向活性中心扩散困难所致。影响固载在接枝共聚物上的金属酞菁催化剂,催化活性的因素很多。通过本工作初步认为含有碱性强的碱性基团和溶解性好的交链可能是合成具有理想催化活性剂的先决条件。关于所合成的高分子催化剂的催化活性尚有待于进一步的工作。
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1、喜树碱类衍生物抗HIV构效关系与作用机制研究 喜树碱为传统的抗肿瘤药物。本研究对经过化学结构修饰的喜树碱类衍生物进行抗HIV活性及作用机制的研究,并初步探讨了其抗HIV构效关系。 我们对喜树碱类衍生物A系列化合物A1(喜树碱)、A2(10-羟基喜树碱)及A3(7-羟基喜树碱)进行了抗HIV活性检测。化合物A1和A3有较好的抗HIV-1和抗HIV-2活性,化合物A2没有显示抗HIV活性。表明化合物A1的C-10位上-OH基团修饰可能会降低抗HIV活性,化合物A1的C-7位上-CH2OH基团修饰和C-20位-CH3缺失可能会提高其抗HIV活性。对化合物A3和A1的抗HIV机制研究发现:二者对整合酶有一定的结合活性,对慢性感染H9/HIV-1ⅢB 和Jurkat/HIV-1ⅢB细胞中病毒复制没有抑制活性、不能阻断H9/HIV-1ⅢB与正常细胞间的融合,对重组的HIV-1蛋白酶和逆转录酶没有抑制活性。化合物A1和A3不具有选择性杀伤HIV-1ⅢB慢性感染的H9和Jurkat细胞系的作用。进一步进行化合物A3诱导 H9和H9/HIV-1ⅢB、Jurkat和Jurkat/HIV-1ⅢB的凋亡实验显示,化合物A3诱导感染HIV-1ⅢB和未感染病毒细胞的凋亡没有选择性。据此我们初步认为化合物A3和A1的抗HIV作用可能与抑制整合酶活性有关,该化合物可能还作用于其它靶点。 喜树碱类衍生物B系列中化合物B1为20(S)-O - [-O-( 1'-氧基-2',2',6',6'-四甲基哌啶-4'-丁二酸)]-20-喜树碱酯,化合物B2为20(S)-O - [-N-( 1'-氧基-2',2',6',6'-四甲基-1',2',5',6'-四氢吡啶酰胺)-4'-丙氨酸)]-20-喜树碱酯)。我们对化合物B1和B2进行了抗HIV活性检测。结果显示:化合物B2有较好的抗HIV-1和抗HIV-21、喜树碱类衍生物抗HIV构效关系与作用机制研究 喜树碱为传统的抗肿瘤药物。本研究对经过化学结构修饰的喜树碱类衍生物进行抗HIV活性及作用机制的研究,并初步探讨了其抗HIV构效关系。 我们对喜树碱类衍生物A系列化合物A1(喜树碱)、A2(10-羟基喜树碱)及A3(7-羟基喜树碱)进行了抗HIV活性检测。化合物A1和A3有较好的抗HIV-1和抗HIV-2活性,化合物A2没有显示抗HIV活性。表明化合物A1的C-10位上-OH基团修饰可能会降低抗HIV活性,化合物A1的C-7位上-CH2OH基团修饰和C-20位-CH3缺失可能会提高其抗HIV活性。对化合物A3和A1的抗HIV机制研究发现:二者对整合酶有一定的结合活性,对慢性感染H9/HIV-1ⅢB 和Jurkat/HIV-1ⅢB细胞中病毒复制没有抑制活性、不能阻断H9/HIV-1ⅢB与正常细胞间的融合,对重组的HIV-1蛋白酶和逆转录酶没有抑制活性。化合物A1和A3不具有选择性杀伤HIV-1ⅢB慢性感染的H9和Jurkat细胞系的作用。进一步进行化合物A3诱导 H9和H9/HIV-1ⅢB、Jurkat和Jurkat/HIV-1ⅢB的凋亡实验显示,化合物A3诱导感染HIV-1ⅢB和未感染病毒细胞的凋亡没有选择性。据此我们初步认为化合物A3和A1的抗HIV作用可能与抑制整合酶活性有关,该化合物可能还作用于其它靶点。 喜树碱类衍生物B系列中化合物B1为20(S)-O - [-O-( 1'-氧基-2',2',6',6'-四甲基哌啶-4'-丁二酸)]-20-喜树碱酯,化合物B2为20(S)-O - [-N-( 1'-氧基-2',2',6',6'-四甲基-1',2',5',6'-四氢吡啶酰胺)-4'-丙氨酸)]-20-喜树碱酯)。我们对化合物B1和B2进行了抗HIV活性检测。结果显示:化合物B2有较好的抗HIV-1和抗HIV-2活性,而化合物B1的抗HIV活性差。表明化合物B1的C-4’位-CH2被-NH取代,同时C-3’位-CH3修饰可能会提高其抗HIV活性。对化合物B2的抗HIV机制研究发现,化合物B2对慢性感染H9/HIV-1ⅢB细胞中病毒复制没有抑制活性、不能阻断H9/HIV-1ⅢB与正常细胞间的融合,对HIV-1蛋白酶、重组的HIV-1逆转录酶及整合酶没有抑制活性。化合物B2不具有选择性杀伤HIV-1ⅢB慢性感染的H9细胞系的作用。化合物B2抗HIV的作用机制还需进一步研究。 2、HIV/AIDS患者疱疹病毒感染状况及性病患者的HIV感染状况分析 疱疹病毒是AIDS患者合并感染的常见病原体。引起人类疾病的8种疱疹病毒与HIV感染及AIDS进展、机会性感染、恶性肿瘤密切相关。为了解HIV/AIDS患者人类8型疱疹病毒感染状况,我们检测了30例AIDS患者、40例HIV携带者及70例正常对照的液标本中8型疱疹病毒感染状况。采用ELISA法检测单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-1)、单纯疱疹病毒2型(HSV-2)、水痘-带状疱疹病毒(VZV)和巨细胞病毒(CMV);采用PCR法检测EB病毒(EBV)、疱疹病毒6型(HHV-6)、疱疹病毒7型(HHV-7)及疱疹病毒8型(HHV-8)。结果显示,HIV/AIDS患者中HSV-1、HSV-2、VZV、CMV、HHV-6、HHV-8 阳性率均高于健康体检者,其中AIDS患者VZV感染率与HIV携带者有显著性差异;在AIDS患者中多种疱疹病毒共感染普遍存在,必须重视HIV/AIDS患者合并疱疹病毒感染的防治。 性病可促进HIV的传播,了解性病患者的HIV感染状况及临床特征具有重要的意义。在自愿接受HIV咨询检测的基础上,对临床确诊的412例性病患者进行HIV-1/2抗体检测,并对其临床特征进行分析研究。结果显示412例性病患者的HIV检出率为2.9%。性病患者中检出HIV阳性率依次为:尖锐湿疣(6.2%)、生殖器疱疹(4.2%)、梅毒(3.4%)、淋病(1.5%)及非淋菌性尿道炎(1.0%)。83.3%合并感染HIV的性病患者存在多性伴,商业性行为普遍存在,安全套使用率极低现象。感染HIV的尖锐湿疣及生殖器疱疹患者以频繁复发为突出表现,1例合并感染HIV的梅毒患者半年即进展为神经梅毒。性病患者是HIV感染的重要高危人群,危险性行为是其感染HIV和其它性病的主要原因,应该加强性病患者的HIV检测。对临床上频繁复发的尖锐湿疣及生殖器疱疹患者、快速进展的梅毒患者应高度怀疑合并HIV感染的可能。
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根据区域调制多模干涉耦合器光开关的工作原理,以2 * 2区域调制多模干涉光开关为基础,采用级联的方式设计了4 * 4区域调制多模干涉SOI光波导开关。用有限差分二维BPM方法模拟了器件在不同工作状态下的光场传输情况。器件工作波长为1.55 μm,在不计耦合损耗时器件的平均插入损耗小于2.0 dB/cm。
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1-甲基-2-甲氧羰基-3, 6, 8-三羟基-7-甲氧基蒽醌是从唐菖蒲干球茎中分离到的具有环氧化酶-2选择性抑制活性的多取代蒽醌类化合物。本文试图合成该化合物,实现了其类似物的合成,同时发现了几个未见报道的反应。 1.通过Diels-Alder 反应合成了关键中间体——3-甲基-5-羟基-1, 2, 4-苯三甲酸三甲酯,1-COOMe选择性水解产物与1, 2, 3-三甲氧基苯进行分子间Friedel-Crafts反应的产物再进行分子内Friedel-Crafts反应得到了目标产物的类似物1-甲基-2-甲氧羰基-3-羟基-6,7,8-三甲氧基蒽醌(路线1)。目标产物及其它类似物的合成正在进行中。 2.以乙酰乙酸甲酯和巴豆醛为原料,经过Michael加成、分子内的Aldol反应、芳香化、选择性甲酰化和还原反应,得到关键中间体2-甲基-3-羟甲基-6-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯及其衍生物。通过该化合物与3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯进行Friedel-Crafts烷基化反应得到了多取代的二苯基甲烷衍生物,拟进一步关环合成目标化合物(路线2)。 3.发现邻甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯中酯甲基可以被正丁基锂和仲丁基锂中烷基交换生成相应的酯,反应的机理不明确。当使用叔丁基锂时,得到的是邻甲氧基苯基叔丁酮,这个方法可以用来合成芳基叔丁酮类化合物。 4.以2-苄氧基-6-甲基苯甲酸甲酯为原料进行氯甲基化反应时,以苯和二氯乙烷作溶剂,发生了苄基的迁移和芳环的偶联,分别得到2,2'-二甲基-3,3'-二甲氧羰基-4,4'-二羟基联苯和2,2'-二甲基-3,3'-二甲氧羰基-4,4'-二羟基-5,5'-二苄基联苯。这是对称联苯合成的新方法。 5.水杨酸羟基邻对位的选择性甲酰化可以分别通过水杨酸和水杨酸甲酯用HMTA/CF3COOH来实现。 6.Lewis酸催化3,4,5-三甲氧基苄醇环化成1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13-nonamethoxyl-10,15-dihydro-5H-trbibenzo [a, d, g] cyclononene (NDTC),产率(54%)高于已有方法(12%)。 Methyl 3,6,8-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-1-methylanthraquinone-2-carboxylate is a new COX-2 selective inhibitor isolated from Gladiolus gandavensis. Two strategies were investigated to synthesis this compound, in which some important reactions were discovered. 1. The key intermediate 5-hydroxy-3-methylbenzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid 2,4-dimethyl ester was prepared via Diels-Alder reaction followed by selective hydrolysis of 1-COOMe. This compound was coupled with 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene and the product undergo intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction to give methyl 3-hydroxy-5,6,7-trimethoxy-1-methylanthraquinone-2-carboxylate (1st route). The target compound and other analogues are being prepared with the same procedure. 2. The key intermediates methyl 3-hydroxymethyl-6-methoxy-2-methylbenzoate and its derivatives were prepared starting from crotonaldehyde and methyl acetoacetate via Michael addition, intramolecular aldol reaction, aromatization, formylation and reduction. The intermediates were coupled respectively with derivatives of gallic acid to give polysubstituted diphenylmethane. However, attempts to cyclize these compounds to the target compounds and analogues were not successful (2nd route). 3. In the process for ortho-lithiation of methyl 2-methoxybenzoate, the substrate converted respectively to n-butyl 2-methoxybenzoate and sec-butyl 2-methoxybenzoate when n-BuLi and sec-BuLi were used. However, tert-BuLi reacted with methyl 2-methoxybenzoate afford 2-methoxyphenyl tert-butyl ketone, which could be used to synthesize aryl tert-butyl ketones. 4. The transformtion of methyl 2-benzoxy-6-methylbenzoate to dimethyl 4,4'-dihydroxy-2,2'-dimethylbiphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylate in benzene, and dimethyl 5,5'-dibenzyl-4,4'-dihydroxy-2,2'-dimethylbiphenyl-3,3'-dicarboxylate in 1,2-dichloroethane in the presence of ZnCl2 provides a new method for the synthesis of symmetric biphenyl. 5. The formylation of salicylic acid at C-5 and methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate at C-3 could be regioselectively realized by using HMTA/CF3COOH. 6. Racemic 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13-nonamethoxyl-10, 15-dihydro-5H-trbibenzo [a, d, g] cyclononene was prepared via Lewis acids catalyzed trimerization of 3, 4, 5-trimethoxylbenzyl alcohol with yield (54%) higher than the reported procesure (12%).
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描述了一台 2 .4 5GHz单电荷态电子回旋共振 (ECR)离子源的原理、结构与应用。介绍了其微波系统与磁场结构。在微波输入功率约 6 0 0W ,引出高压 2 2kV ,引出孔径为6mm时 ,该离子源的总束流I(H1++H2 ++H3+)可达 90mA。
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本文简单介绍了原子核集体运动的代数模型-IBM-2,评述了近年来的研究结果;提出了一种确定有效玻色子数的半经验方法,并且提出接近半满壳处偶偶核的有效玻色子数饱和的概念(50~82大壳饱和值为6,82~126大壳饱和值为7,126~184(?)大壳饱和值为8),把稀土区偶偶核的E2和M1之间的关联性及它们的饱和性解释为有效玻色子数的饱和,E_2~+的饱和解释为半满壳附近中子质子四极四极相互作用远大于对力的结果;并把本文关于有效玻色子数的结果用于Q_o和E_2~+系统学,F旋多重态和数值计算中,结果比过去有较大改进;本文还给出了哈密顿量参数的改变对能谱影响的经验规律,并用NPBOS程序计算了~(132-150)Nd偶偶核同位素,~(134)Ba等,对它们的状态特别是其中的混合对称态进行了细致的讨论,能谱和电磁跃迁计算结果与实验数据吻合较好,本文还计算了~(142)Ce的混合比并与实验进行了比较;此外,本文还通过具体的核对IBM-2数值计算参数g_(πv)~((1)) (1=0,2,4)进行了讨论,对M1跃迁算子的两体项作了初步的分析