Sa??de materno infantil no Brasil: evolu????o e programas desenvolvidos pelo Minist??rio da Sa??de

Trata-se de uma revis??o de literatura com o objetivo de descrever a evolu????o da aten????o ?? sa??de materno infantil no Brasil desde o Estado Novo at?? os dias atuais. O levantamento de dados foi realizado em livros, sites do Minist??rio da Sa??de, Legisla????es do Di??rio Oficial e artigos das bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Sa??de (BVS/Bireme), Medline e Scientific Eletronic Library (Scielo). As pol??ticas p??blicas de sa??de materno infantil foram definidas seguindo desde os princ??pios meramente reprodutivos at?? aqueles mais amplos, voltados para garantir uma melhor condi????o de sa??de e de vida. Nas ??ltimas d??cadas, com o aux??lio do governo e da sociedade, houve uma progress??o no atendimento da sa??de da mulher e da crian??a. No entanto, conclui-se que, apesar da evolu????o observada, o grande desafio ainda se encontra na redu????o da morbimortalidade materna, neonatal e infantil.

Ajustes posturais para o alcance funcional dos membros superiores - migração do centro de pressão na posição de sentado

Objetivos: Pretende-se verificar as modificações neuromotoras após uma intervenção baseada no conceito de Bobath ao nível dos ajustes posturais durante o alcance funcional dos membros superiores, em três crianças com paralisia cerebral. Pretende-se também, verificar o efeito desta abordagem nas atividades e participação, bem como destacar os aspetos individuais das mesmas crianças com a capacidade de mudança após a intervenção. Metodologia: A avaliação foi realizada antes e três meses após a intervenção em fisioterapia segundo o conceito de Bobath. Optou-se por um registo observacional com uma Máquina Fotográfica Digital, um sistemas de Câmaras de Vídeo, uma Plataforma de Forças e, utilizaram-se ainda instrumentos como o Gross Motor Functional Measure– versão 88 itens, o Gross Motor Function Classification System, o Teste de Alcance Funcional Modificado e a ferramenta, Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde – crianças e jovens. Resultados: Verificou-se um progresso nos ajustes posturais e na funcionalidade em geral, o que se repercutiu na restrição da participação e na limitação da actividade. A postura na posição de sentado, o deslocamento do centro de pressão, a capacidade de deslocamento no sentido anterior, bem como as capacidades motoras grosseiras modificaram-se em todas as crianças, tendo a criança B apresentado a maior e a criança A a menor capacidade de mudança após a intervenção. Conclusão: A intervenção segundo o Conceito de Bobath promoveu modificações neuromotoras, o que levaram a uma melhoria da funcionalidade geral, da mobilidade e do controlo postural da criança, refletindo-se nos ajustes posturais durante o alcance funcional dos membros superiores na posição de sentado. Verificou-se ainda, uma melhoria na restrição da participação e na limitação da actividade diária.

Concepções de criança e de infância de técnicos de intervenção precoce em uma associação no sul do Brasil

Dissertação de 2º Ciclo conducente ao grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação, especialização em Intervenção Precoce.

Qualidade de vida das famílias apoiadas por intervenção precoce: identificação de fatores mais valorizados pelas famílias

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de mestre em Intervenção Precoce

A construção da relação de afetividade entre Educador/a e criança na educação de infância

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

Factors associated to medicine use among children from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort (Brazil)

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated to medicine use among children from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort, Brazil. METHODS: Prospective study to evaluate medicine use in children aged 3, 12 and 24 months regardless of the reasons, therapeutic indication or class. The study included 3,985 children followed up at three months of age, 3,907 at 12 months, and 3,868 at the last follow-up time of 24 months. Mothers were interviewed to collect information on medicine use during the recall period of 15 days prior to the interview. The outcome was studied according to sociodemographic and perinatal variables, mother's perception of child's health and breastfeeding status. Crude and adjusted analyses were performed by Poisson regression following a hierarchical model. RESULTS: The prevalence of medicine use ranged from 55% to 65% in the three follow-ups. After controlling for confounders, some variables remained associated to medicine use only at the three-month follow-up with greatest use among children of younger mothers, those children who had intrapartum complications, low birthweight, were never breastfed and were admitted to a hospital. Greatest medicine use was also associated with being a firstborn child at 3 and 12 months; mother's perception of their child health as fair or poor and children whose mothers have private health insurance at 12 and 24 months; highest maternal education level at all follow-up times. CONCLUSIONS: Different variables influence medicine use among children during the first two years of life and they change as the child ages especially maternal factors and those associated to the child's health problems.

Factors associated with lack of prenatal care in a large municipality

OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors associated with a lack of prenatal care in a large municipality in southern Brazil. METHODS In this case-control age-matched study, 716 women were evaluated; of these, 179 did not receive prenatal care and 537 received prenatal care (controls). These women were identified using the Sistema Nacional de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (Live Birth Information System) of Pelotas, RS, Southern Brazil, between 2009 and 2010. Multivariate analysis was performed using conditional logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (OR). RESULTS In the final model, the variables associated with a lack of prenatal care were the level of education, particularly when it was lesser than four years [OR 4.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.92;10.36], being single (OR 3.61; 95%CI 1.85;7.04), and multiparity (OR 2.89; 95%CI 1.72;4.85). The prevalence of a lack of prenatal care among administrative regions varied between 0.7% and 3.9%. CONCLUSIONS The risk factors identified must be considered when planning actions for the inclusion of women in prenatal care by both the central management and healthcare teams. These indicated the municipal areas with greater deficits in prenatal care. The reorganization of the actions to identify women with risk factors in the community can be considered to be a starting point of this process. In addition, the integration of the activities of local programs that target the mother and child is essential to constantly identify pregnant women without prenatal care.

Factors associated with the nutritional status of children less than 5 years of age

OBJECTIVE To analyze if the nutritional status of children aged less than five years is related to the biological conditions of their mothers, environmental and socioeconomic factors, and access to health services and social programs.METHODS This cross-sectional population-based study analyzed 664 mothers and 790 children using canonical correlation analysis. Dependent variables were characteristics of the children (weight/age, height/age, BMI/age, hemoglobin, and retinol serum levels). Independent variables were those related to the mothers’ nutritional status (BMI, hemoglobin, and retinol serum levels), age, environmental and socioeconomic factors and access to health service and social programs. A < 0.05 significance level was adopted to select the interpreted canonical functions (CF) and ± 0.40 as canonical load value of the analyzed variables.RESULTS Three canonical functions were selected, concentrating 89.9% of the variability of the relationship among the groups. In the first canonical function, weight/age (-0.73) and height/age (-0.99) of the children were directly related to the mother’s height (-0.82), prenatal appointments (-0.43), geographical area of the residence (-0.41), and household incomeper capita (-0.42). Inverse relationship between the variables related to the children and people/room (0.44) showed that the larger the number of people/room, the poorer their nutritional status. Rural residents were found to have the worse nutritional conditions. In the second canonical function, the BMI of the mother (-0.48) was related to BMI/age and retinol of the children, indicating that as women gained weight so did their children. Underweight women tended to have children with vitamin A deficiency. In the third canonical function, hemoglobin (-0.72) and retinol serum levels (-0.40) of the children were directly related to the mother’s hemoglobin levels (-0.43).CONCLUSIONS Mothers and children were associated concerning anemia, vitamin A deficiency and anthropometric markers. Living in rural areas is a determining factor for the families health status.

ERICA: smoking prevalence in Brazilian adolescents

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalences of tobacco use, tobacco experimentation, and frequent smoking among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS We evaluated participants of the cross-sectional, nation-wide, school-based Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which included 12- to 17-year-old adolescents from municipalities of over 100 thousand inhabitants. The study sample had a clustered, stratified design and was representative of the whole country, its geographical regions, and all 27 state capitals. The information was obtained with self-administered questionnaires. Tobacco experimentation was defined as having tried cigarettes at least once in life. Adolescents who had smoked on at least one day over the previous 30 days were considered current cigarette smokers. Having smoked cigarettes for at least seven consecutive days was an indicator for regular consumption of tobacco. Considering the complex sampling design, prevalences and 95% confidence intervals were estimated according to sociodemographic and socio-environmental characteristics. RESULTS We evaluated 74,589 adolescents. Among these, 18.5% (95%CI 17.7-19.4) had smoked at least once in life, 5.7% (95%CI 5.3-6.2) smoked at the time of the research, and 2.5% (95%CI 2.2-2.8) smoked often. Adolescents aged 15 to 17 years had higher prevalences for all indicators than those aged 12 to 14 years. The prevalences did not differ significantly between sexes. The highest prevalences were found in the South region and the lowest ones, in the Northeast region. Regardless of sex, the prevalences were found to be higher for adolescents who had had paid jobs, who lived with only one parent, and who reported having been in contact with smokers either inside or outside their homes. Female public school adolescents were found to smoke more than the ones from private schools. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco use among adolescents is still a challenge. Intending to reduce the prevalence of tobacco use among young people, especially the ones under socioeconomic vulnerability conditions, Brazil must consolidate and increase effective public health care measures.

A articulação da linguagem na educação pré-escolar

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

“A afetividade na relação pedagógica e na gestão do grupo de crianças: um percurso cruzado!”

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

O desenvolvimento de competências sociais na educação de infância: os contributos da brincadeira e das atividades de pequenos grupos

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

Estudo da sensibilidade materna em díades de risco biológico, ambiental e acumulado

Dissertação apresentada na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Intervenção Precoce

Recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso e famílias migrantes : maternidade Dr. Alfredo da Costa : uma janela sobre a sociedade contemporânea portuguesa…

RESUMO - A migração transnacional de pessoas tem-se afirmado como um fenómeno global e crescente, provocando, nos diversos contextos nacionais implicados, mudança social e desafios adaptativos das sociedades e instituições. O universo da saúde poderá contudo constituir uma esfera privilegiada de interacção senão de inclusão e coesão social, requestionando os conceitos de cidadania. A sustentação de bons indicadores de saúde, nomeadamente materna e infantil, decorre de estratégias abrangentes de saúde pública e de políticas visionárias que contemplem sempre e também os mais necessitados. Procurando conhecer melhor os contextos em que ocorre o nascimento de recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso, este projecto corresponde a um estudo exploratório na maior maternidade do país, procurando entender a eventual associação de factores de índole social e familiar, nomeadamente ser de origem migrante. --------------------------- ABSTRACT - Transnational migration of people has clearly become a global and growing issue causing, on different national grounds, social change and adaptative challenges to society and its institutions. The health universe may, however, be a privileged scenery for integration and social cohesion making one re-think the concept of citizenship. Keeping up good health statistics, including maternal and child health results from wide public health strategies and fore seeking health policies not disregarding the underprivileged or the less visible fringes of society. Aiming to clarify on what context very low birth weight happens this project consists mainly in an explorative study on the biggest maternity in Portugal. Social and familiar factors are screened for possible association with migrant origin in ver

Programa de acompanhamento materno-infantil em São Tomé e Príncipe

Comunicação apresentada no 3º Encontro Conhecimento e Cooperação, INA, Lisboa, 17 de setembro de 2015