A Água nossa de cada dia: percepção, uso e predisposições comportamentais de alunos do ensino médio de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte

Although water scarcity is recognized as one of the main world-wide problems to be faced by human kind, ecologically unsustainable patterns of behavior still persist. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze pro-environmental behavior related to water, as well as meanings associated to it by high school students of Federal Center of Technological Education of Rio Grande do Norte, in Natal. The convenience sample was composed by 315 students, 146 women and 169 men, who answered a questionnaire about use and perception of water, containing indicators of proenvironmentalism, environmental care, sustainable development, time perspective, externalities and collectivism, besides socio-demographic items. According to participants, water is synonymous of life, even though the relationship they present with it is ambiguous, much more functional than ecological; they consider it a finite resource, an indispensable life patrimony, however there was no coherence between such conceptions and the self-reported behaviors of water use. Results indicated three important predictors of pro-environmental behavior: sex of respondent, New Ecological Paradigm Scale and telephone/address left for eventual contact to participate in future environmental campaigns. They may be used in additional studies for theoretical development, or to assist in the planning of programs of environmental education, aimed at the inhibition of the effects of a culture of consumption and of an utilitarian perception of water, extending individual and collective efforts towards the preservation of common resources as water

Gênero, trabalho e saúde mental entre trabalhadoras rurais assentadas na região do Mato Grande Potiguar

The lack of studies aimed at the mental health of the rural population, the social, economic, familial and emotional impact that mental disorders produce and the vulnerability that women have in this context, lead us to believe in the need to investigate the mental health demands of female rural workers, in order to subsidize the development of more effective and culturally sensitive public health programs and policies that take into account the specificities of this population. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and the possible factors associated with the emergence of such disorders among women living in a rural settlement in Rio Grande do Norte. This survey has a quantitative and qualitative character with an ethnographic approach. As methodological strategies, we made use of an adapted version of the socio-demographic and environmental questionnaire prepared by The Department of Geology/UFRN s Strategic Analysis Laboratory to evaluate the quality of life of the families from the rural settlement and the mental health screening test Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to identify the prevalence of CMD in adult women from the community. Complementing the role of methodological tools, we use the participant observation and semi-structured interviews with women who presented positive hypothesis of CMD attempting to comprehend the crossings that build the subjective experience of being a woman in this context. The results point to the high prevalence of CMD (43.6%) and suggest the link between poverty, lack of social support, unequal gender relations and the occurrence of CMD. We also verified that the settled women do not access the health network to address issues relating to mental health and that the only recourse of care offered by primary health care is the prescription of anxiolytic medication. In this context, the religiosity and the work are the most important strategies for mental health support among women

Entre a hegemonia e a polissemia: a Política de Educação e Desenvolvimento para o SUS no contexto do Brasil contemporâneo

The proposal of the Unified Health System Policy (SUS) has been considered one of the most democratic public policies in Brazil. In spite of this, its implementation in a context of social inequalities has demanded significant efforts. From a socio-constructionist perspective on social psychology, the study focused on the National Policy for Permanent Education in Health for the Unified Health System (SUS), launched by the Brazilian government in 2004, as an additional effort to improve practices and accomplish the effective implementation of the principles and guidelines of the Policy. Considering the process of permanent interdependencies between these propositions and the socio-political and cultural context, the study aimed to identify the discursive constructions articulated in the National Policy for Permanent Education in Health for the Unified Health System (SUS) and how they fit into the existing power relations of ongoing Brazilian socio-political context. Subject positionings and action orientation offered to different social actors by these discursive constructions and the kind of practices allowed were also explored, as well as the implementation of the proposal in Rio Grande do Norte state and how this process was perceived by the people involved. The information produced by documental analyses, participant observation and interviews was analyzed as proposed by Institutional Ethnography. It evidenced the inter-relations between the practices of different social actors, the conditions available for those practices and the interests and power relations involved. Discontinuities on public policies in Brazil and the tendency to prioritize institutional and personal interests, in detriment of collective processes of social transformation, were some of obstacles highlighted by participants. The hegemony of the medical model and the individualistic and curative intervention practices that the model elicits were also emphasized as one of the drawbacks of the ongoing system. Facing these challenges, reflexivity and dialogism appear as strategies for a transformative action, making possible the denaturalization of ongoing practices, as well as the values and tenets supporting them

Desenvolvimento de uma metodologia para caracterização de amostras de sedimento: Rio Jundiaí RN

The study of sediment in water bodies presents great environmental importance, because of its ability to adsorb the pollutants, they may facilitate the understanding of the history of the current quality of the water system. Depending on how it is done the collection, analysis can show both a recent contamination as old. The detailed characterization of the sediment may reveal details that can understand how each type of pollutant interacts with the material given its composition. In this work it has developed a systematic methodology to characterize samples of sediment, with the aim to understand how a series of metal is distributed in different size fractions of the sediment. This study was conducted in five samples of sediment (P1, P2, P3a, P3B and P3c) collected in Jundiaí river, one of the most important tributaries of the river Potengi in the region of Macaíba, RN. The characterization was made with the samples previously sieved into meshes with different granulometries (+8#, -8+16#, -16+65# - 65+100#,-100+200#,-200+250# and -250#), using the following techniques: Analysis of specific surface area by BET method, determining the levels of organic matter (OM%) and humidity through the gravimetry and Analysis Thermogravimetric (TG), Infrared Spectroscopy in a Fourier transform (FTIR ), Analysis of X ray diffraction (XRD), analysis of heavy metals by optical emission spectrometry with the Argon Plasma (ICP-OES). The analyzed elements were Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn and P. In addition to the techniques of characterization above, was also made the rebuilding of the samples P1, P2 and P3B in relation to the levels of organic matter and concentration of heavy metals. Then, the results of the recomposed samples were compared with those obtained in crude samples, showing great consistency. The gravimetry, used in determining the levels of organic matter, was not considered an appropriate method because the clay minerals present in the sediment samples analyzed fall apart in the same range of temperature (550-600 0C) used in roasting (600 0C). The results also showed the trend of organic matter and heavy metals to focus on the thin fractions, although the largest concentrations of metals are in intermediate fractions

Eficácia terapêutica do programa de remediação fonológica em escolares com dislexia do desenvolvimento

OBJETIVOS: comparar os achados da avaliação em situação de pré e pós-testagem em escolares com dislexia do desenvolvimento e escolares bons leitores submetidos ao programa de remediação fonológica e verificar a eficácia terapêutica do programa de remediação fonológica em escolares com dislexia do desenvolvimento. MÉTODOS: participaram deste estudo 40 escolares de 2ª a 4ª série de ensino público do município de Marília-SP, de ambos os sexos, na faixa etária de 8 a 12 anos distribuídos em: GI: composto de 20 escolares com diagnóstico interdisciplinar de dislexia do desenvolvimento que foram submetidos a programa de remediação fonológica, GII: composto de 20 escolares sem dificuldades de aprendizagem da rede municipal de ensino público, pareados segundo sexo, faixa etária e escolaridade com os escolares do GI que não foram submetidos aos programas de remediação. em situação de pré e pós-testagem, todos os escolares foram submetidos à aplicação do Teste de Desempenho Cognitivo-Linguístico nas versões coletiva e individual, seguido de leitura oral e compreensão de textos. RESULTADOS: foram evidenciadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes, indicando que os escolares do GI e GII submetidos ao programa de remediação fonológica apresentaram desempenho superior em situação de pós-testagem em comparação com a situação de pré-testagem para a maioria das habilidades cognitivo-linguísticas avaliadas, incluindo a leitura e compreensão de texto. CONCLUSÃO: o programa de remediação fonológica para crianças com e sem dislexia do desenvolvimento foi eficaz, sugerindo que a habilidade de relação letra-som deve ser utilizada em contexto de sala de aula favorecendo a leitura desses escolares.

GESTÃO AMBIENTAL E COMPETITIVIDADE EM DESTINOS TURÍSTICOS: percepção dos gestores de pequenos meios de hospedagem de Natal/RN sobre o uso de práticas ambientais como fator de competitividade

The present work aimed at investigating the small hotel managers perceptions from Natal/RN concerning the environmental practice uses as a competitive factor. This study is characterized as a descriptive exploratory research that used an aleatory probabilistic sample followed by the application of collect data instrument (questionnaire). The small hotels located in Natal/RN were the study participants and the specific location where 35 questionnaires were answered. Based on the data and on the mangers point of view, it is possible to comprehend that, among the presented indicators, the development of environmental programs in the hotel enterprise is showed as the least important for the client s choice. As the main conclusion it is relevant to argue that, according to the small hotel managers, the guests do not still search for hotels that implement environmental practices. On the other side, the interviewed managers believe that the use of these practices can generate a great competitive advantage in relation to their competitors. The information obtained by this present research will be able to contribute to establish a contemporary panorama in relation to the importance attributed by the managers concerning the use of environmental practices in small hotel enterprises in Natal/RN. In addition the correct use of this information can generate possibilities of major competitiveness in this segment

O turismo de base local como um possível indutor de desenvolvimento rural: uma análise da realidade e das potencialidades no distrito de dondo-moçambique

The current debate on rural development focuses on the territorial approach, recognizing the multifunctional character of rural areas. Emphasize the use of endogenous forces, the need of implement policies which valorize local specificities, the participation of social actors in revitalization of rural areas. In this context tourism enters as a means to induce a new dynamic to rural areas, since the activity is regarded as a channel for the upgrading of the natural and cultural resources and the rural way of life. This study focuses on local-based tourism as a promoter of rural development, giving an analysis of the social reality and potential for this tourism in the district of Dondo. In it, is proposed to analyze the potential for development of local-based tourism in the district of Dondo, assessing the extent to which local reality enables the inclusion of the community in the management of local tourism resources. For this, was showed the inclusion of local-based tourism in the current context of rural development, was identified and organized systematically the factors that influence the implementation of local-based tourism in the study area and was verified as far as possible the study area corresponds to the constraints identified, showing how local-based tourism can best been encouraged. Was adopted a qualitative methodological approach to both the procedures and data processing, but also by critical approach, using bibliographical research, semi-structured interviews that fell on the group of public administrators who work in tourism and community leaders. The critical analysis was based on the principles of sustainability o Sachs particular ecological, social, cultural, economic, space, beyond the analysis of political and institutional aspects. The survey results show that the district of Dondo has a potential for implementing a model of tourism development on a local basis, since it is rich in natural and cultural research, benefits from good network accessibility in the context of the market in the region, the population live according to their habits and customs and value their identity. There is also a good cooperation between community members, although not in tourism, a fact which is observed through the lever of community participation in associations, cooperatives, working in areas such as agriculture, fishing, environment, civic education etc. It also has public funding sources to augment or stimulate local investment. Despite obstacles such as inexistence of policies and local plans for tourism development, lack of awareness of tourism, lack of basic infrastructure, as well as equipment and facilities to support tourism, the results shows that these problems can be solved through a public commitment from both government, and community through a joint planning and participation

Análise da atividade turística desenvolvida na área de proteção ambiental dos Recifes de Corais RN

The protected areas are created for conservation to nature. The way they associate with the communities and visitors are essential to its objectives are achieved. This study aims to analyze how tourism is developed in the. The Recifes dos Corais Protected Area (APARC) through the identification of the image that tourists and residents have with respect to Parracho of Maracajaú and knowledge of the factors that contribute to a satisfactory visit of tourists. For this was an exploratorydescriptive study with quali-quantitative approach, with 236 tourists and 70 residents of the district of Maracajaú, using questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis techniques were used and percentage of arithmetic, factor analysis and content analysis. The results showed that the importance and significance attributed by residents to Parracho related to economic gains. Information on the APARC and on their standards are not done efficiently and contribute to negatively impact the site. The profile of tourists is not the most appropriate for a protected area. The dimensions of satisfaction to the tourists demonstrated the need for actions to be undertaken by the administration of APARC. Conclude that the image that the residents and tourists have of APARC is not conducive to the image of a protected areas. The tourists are satisfied with the tour in APARC, however, the dimensions of satisfaction are not consistent with the conservation of the site

A saúde ambiental e os resíduos de serviços de saúde nos três níveis de complexidade do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS

The environmental management in the health establishments is a reality still little explored in the health sector in Brazil, especially concerning its wastes. The management of wastes of health services is established in the valid legislation through the National Council of Environment and Sanitary Vigilance Agency (358/2005 and 304/2004 respectively). The present work is about a descriptive work about the environmental health in the health services. The used criterion was to diagnose the environmental management in twelve establishments of health inserted in the three levels of complexity of the Unique Health System (Sistema Ùnico de Saúde SUS). Among the sub criteria used the waste management is the one of bigger concern. The one referring to the water quality is considered good. The analysis of data reveals that 66% of the establishments got a poor environmental ranking, 17% critical and 17% appropriate, showing that the health establishments in the three levels of complexity of the SUS need urgent structural, environmental and educational interventions

Em busca do estado participativo: os desafios da participação social na gestão ambiental

The existence of several negative indicators such as deforestation, pollution of rivers and urban growth disorderly suggest a scenario of serious environmental degradation in Brazil, allowing that the model of public management of the environment here is not practiced efficiently, despite to be a recognition-of environmental legislation as one of the best and most comprehensive in the world. One of the main causes of this problem is the low social participation in environmental management that often exists only in the formal plan. Thus, although defined as Democratic State, in practice, it is only a Figurative State. Based on the study of the origin of the state and social participation in the Brazilian State, in general scope, and some environment committees and public hearings in Rio Grande do Norte, as instruments of social control, in particular scope, it is possible to build a real Democratic State in environmental management, a Participative State, in which all players are aware of the responsibility and committed to the duty assigned to them by the constitutional text with the present and future generations

Percepção ambiental por uma comunidade rural do entorno de uma reserva particular do patrimônio natural (RPPN), semiárido brasileiro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

A biotecnologia e a educação ambiental no resguarde a duas espécies em vias de extinção na flora da Mata Atlântica Brasileira

The anthropical action caused destruction of great part of the Atlantic forest remaining today around 7% to 8% of the original portion. A classical example of the degradation is the situation of the Pau-Brasil (Caesalpinia echinata Lam.) which appellant exploration summarized abruptly decreased the wild occurrence of the species. Besides the economic exploration and the threat of extinction, the plant shows some characteristics that its own physiology makes difficult the survival in natural conditions. For this reason, any strategy developed to conserve it should also guarantee ways for its multiplication. In these conditions, the only reasonable technology is micropropagation in vitro based on immature segments of Catullus (explants or internodes). However, in virtue of the threat of extinction, extractivism and fenology, the disponibility of the sources of explants are reduced. Then, to turn this around, the present research showed the hypothesis that arrange these explants would have as a solution to elaborate a bank of matrixes and the utilization of produced seedlings as source of explant. Then, assuming that the soil is a fundamental element for a good formation of the seedlings, there were tests in a greenhouse on the Laboratory of plant biotechnology at UFRN, from May to June of 2008 that showed the influence of the four different soils on the production of Pau-Brasil. The objective of this work was to make possible the seedlings production of the specie and from them to establish a bank of matrixes as source of explant to guarantee the continuity of the process of micropropagation, contributing with the preservation of the specie

Sustentabilidade ambiental e qualidade da água do reservatório Itans (Caicó-RN)

This study aimed to assess the sustainability of the Caicó-RN through the application of the Barometer of Sustainability. Scales of performance were made and the results were processed and placed in the scale of that tool, varying from 0 to 100. The results indicate that Caicó has a potentially untenable position in accordance with the Barometer of Sustainability

Direito e etnoconservação: estudo da participação na gestão ambiental da RDS Estadual Ponta do Tubarão - RN

Given the prediction of the Federal Constitution of 1988 about the need to establish some areas to be especially protected, it was published the Law No. 9.985/00, which established the National System of Conservation Units. Several aspects make these units differ from one another, one of them being the possibility of presence of even traditional human populations inside the area to be protected. In case of allowing these people to continue in the area, it still must be provided their participation in the management of the new space. Management councils show up, then, as a specific way of social and political participation. This way, from an overview of legal norms and the doctrine that are relevant to the topic, It is aimed to make a legal and theoretical survey about the process of traditional populations permanence inside Conservation Units, with aspects linked to ethnoconservation and, therefore, to participation in environmental management of these specially protected spaces

Análise da degradação ambiental das áreas de preservação permanente localizadas no estuário do rio Ceará-mirim/RN

The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the main environmental impacts taking place in the permanent preservation areas located in the Ceará-Mirim River estuary/RN and its surrounding areas. For that, the study was divided in two chapters, structured in the shape of a scientific paper. The first is a theoretical proposition on the occupation of the APPs in light of the discussion of the geographic space and the sustainability of the development, where a bibliographical review was made emphasizing the production of the geographic space, the sustainability of the development and the permanent preservation areas. In the second chapter, from a systemic approach, geoprocessing techniques and the adaptation of the Pressure-State- Response Indicators System were used, the latter being developed by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD. Therefore, from the methodological approaches used, it's been observed that the use of permanent preservation areas for purposes other than those determined in the legislation and, mainly guided by capitalist interests, leads to the environmental degradation of these areas, fact which has been confirmed in the empiric study conducted in the second chapter, where it was possible to identify a series of environmental impacts such as: deforestation of mangrove and riparian vegetation for carciniculture implantation, the devastation of dune areas caused by the urban expansion in the coastal stretch and siltation of fluvial channel