El talento especial de los niños en matemáticas: un estudio cualitativo

La atención a la diversidad escolar es uno de los temas de creciente interés en nuestro país. Particularmente, la falta de investigación y de reconocimiento gubernamental de los niños con algún talento especial ha propiciado la incertidumbre en el aula. Tal situación tiene como consecuencia la necesidad de estudios de contexto que permitan la identificación y el tratamiento escolar de esta población. Este trabajo tiene como finalidad presentar un estado del arte acerca de algunas investigaciones y proyectos llevados a cabo en torno a estos niños. Todo esto, con la finalidad de poder encontrar aquellas características que nos permitan identificar a un niño mexicano con talento en matemáticas.

El isomorfismo de medidas como estrategia para la resolución de problemas multiplicativos en el tercer grado de la escuela primaria

La presente investigación, de orden cualitativo y en curso, forma parte de una tesis de maestría en México respaldada por el CONACYT. El interés es identificar las dificultades de estudiantes del segundo ciclo de primaria (8-9 años) al resolver problemas multiplicativos según la estructura propuesta por Vergnaud (1995) en el “Isomorfismo de Medidas”. La propuesta teórica es basada en el “Modelo Teórico Local” (Filloy, 1999). En su primera fase, de dos, se realiza la revisión de la propuesta institucional (Secretaria de Educación Pública, [SEP] 1993), bibliografía complementaria respecto a la enseñanza de problemas multiplicativos, y el diseño de pruebas y ejercicios de diagnóstico. Como resultados preliminares, se tiene que los niños muestran modos de resolución de problemas deficientes, debido a que en la propuesta oficial no se tratan problemas relacionados con el “Isomorfismo de medidas”. Los niños presentan dificultades al resolver problemas de la vida cotidiana planteados en el aula.

El número en la escuela

El artículo “El Número en la Escuela”presenta avances de investigación realizados por estudiantes de la Maestría en Docencia de las Matemáticas de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional como parte de sus respectivos trabajos de grado. El primero, referido a la formación de docentes de preescolar y primeros grados de educación primaria sobre Estructura Aditiva, expone la forma en que abordar dicha estructura contribuye al proceso de construcción del número Natural en los primeros grados de escolaridad. El segundo, basado en el modelo del profesor Carlo Federici, estudia la construcción de los números racionales como operadores sobre magnitudes, específicamente, sobre longitudes cuya representación son los segmentos. Y el tercero, permite reflexionar sobre el acercamiento al concepto de número real con estudiantes de Secundaria y Media.

Trabajo colaborativo, un tejido que hace trama entre la escuela y la institución formadora

Presentamos un trabajo colaborativo construido entre profesoras del IFD N° 12 y maestras de la Escuela N° 178, de la ciudad de Neuquén (Argentina). En el marco de un ciclo de desarrollo profesional docente convocado por el INFD, nos propusimos -como formadoras de maestros- “acampar en el otro escenario”, para conocer más profundamente el funcionamiento de la enseñanza de la matemática en la escuela primaria. Diseñamos un dispositivo de acompañamiento que nos permitió reconocer cómo van tomando decisiones en torno al tratamiento del cálculo en 2° grado, focalizando en algunos procesos de cambio en las condiciones reales de desempeño laboral.

Matemáticas y escuela secundaria en Europa

Este artículo recoge el contenido de la intervención de su autor el 11 de abril de 2002 ante la ponencia sobre «La situación comparativa de las enseñanzas científicas con los países Europeos en la Educación Secundaria» creada en la primavera de 2001 en la Comisión de Educación, Cultura y Deporte del Senado español.

Contratos públicos adjudicados a sociedades cooperativas en el País Vasco entre 2010 y 2012

La Contratación Pública constituye una fuente muy importante de la demanda de bienes y servicios, especialmente en la Comunidad Autónoma del País Vasco en donde el Gobierno Autonómico, también llamado la Administración General Vasca, desarrolla un papel capital como impulsor de dicha contratación pública. Por otro lado, la Economía Social, y especialmente el movimiento cooperativo, tiene en ese mismo ámbito geográfico un papel de gran peso en el conjunto de la Economía Vasca, por sus cifras de empleo y aportación al PIB, así como por tradición y arraigo social. Cabe preguntarse en tal caso, cuál es el papel que desempeñan las cooperativas en la Contratación Pública en aquella Comunidad Autónoma, cómo y cuáles son los contratos de los que resultan adjudicatarias, qué importes suponen esos contratos para las cuentas públicas y, en definitiva, si su papel de adjudicatarias se corresponde con el que desempeñan en el conjunto de la Economía Vasca. Del examen de los contratos publicados en el Perfil del Contratante del Gobierno Vasco, se obtienen datos suficientes que, una vez procesados y analizados, se visualizan en tablas y porcentajes que constituyen la base de un diagnóstico que responde a las preguntas planteadas y evidencia la situación de debilidad de las cooperativas en el campo de la contratación pública vasca.

The training in social and solidarity economy. Analysis of the university offer in Spain

This research analyses the importance of the training for the promotion of the social economy in two ways: 1) focusing on the characteristics of the educational offer of Social Economy and 2) analyzing its differences regarding to those studies from the Management, entrepreneurship, and innovations areas. To this aim, it is carried out as a first step a literature review of the contributions that study the relationships that can exist between the education and Economy. Then, being based on this previous analysis, we already center our research on the Social Economy sector and its relations with the education system. To get this objective, it has been developed a database that includes all the postgraduate titles related to the Economics area. Likewise, a questionnaire has been designed with the aim of characterize the training in social Economy. As a conclusion, it is obtained that the training in social economy in postgraduate studies in the Spanish Universities is very poor. On the other hand, there are significant differences between Social Economy degrees and Business Management, entrepreneurship and innovation degrees with regard to different aspects such as: values to transmit, competencies, skills, the way of understanding the Economy, etc. Based on these conclusions, different recommendations are proposed in order to promote and boost this other way of doing Economy through the training and education in postgraduate studies.

the social economy as an alternative of self employment. profile of the entrepreneur in the andalusian labour companies

This paper provides a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the profile of the entrepreneur who decides to start business through a labor society in the context of the Autonomous Community of Andalucia. Thus, first the Social Economy is presented as an important alternative to creating and promoting employment, which seeks to combine economic and social objectives in the development of activities. Subsequently, focusing on labor companies, updated its importance in the regional economy for later data and through the analysis of two samples are available, set the attributes or most significant characteristics of these entrepreneurs.

Teacher attitudes and best practices with ICT faculty Adult Continuing Education in Andalusia

The present paper reports the results of a study aiming to describe the attitudes of teachers in adult continuous education in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia (Spain) towards the use and integration of information and communication technologies (ITC) in the educational centres they work in, while identifying those factors that favour the development of good practice. It is a mixed methods descriptive research, and information collection techniques include a questionnaire and in-depth interviews. A total number of 172 teachers were surveyed, as well as 18 head teachers and coordinators, in adult education. For questionnaire validation the expert judgment technique was used, as they were selected by the «expert competence coefficient» or «K coefficient» procedure. To improve its psychometric properties, construct validity was determined by means of Varimax factor analysis and maximum likelihood extraction (two factors were extracted). Confidence was set by Cronbach's alpha (0.88). The interview guide was also validated by this group of experts. Results point out, on one hand, that teachers hold positive attitudes towards ICT regarding both ICT's role in professional development and their ease of use and access. On the other hand, among the most important factors for ICT-supported good educational practices lies in ICT's capacity to favour personalized work.

Reading of audiovisual productions of contemporary art in art education

This article focuses on the reading of audiovisual productions of contemporary art as a creative process, seeking to analyse which effects of meaning the articulations between the visual and sound systems produce, and the meaning that children give to then. It describes a video art, identifying the languages that compose it and the relationships that link them. Such reading exercise had as corpus of analysis the Chair video art, by Masaru Ozaki, and counted with the theoretical and methodological support of the discourse semiotics, especially with studies on assembly procedures that articulate visual and auditory languages. Also, it presents a focal study with the meanings that a group of children gave to the video art. The findings indicate the importance of including the reading of audiovisual productions of contemporary art at school through the problematization of effects of meaning produced by the interrelation between different languages. And they suggest some subsidies that allow teachers from different areas of knowledge to reflect about the visuality in their pedagogical practice; the choice of the audiovisual materials taken to the classroom and other ways of seeing these texts edited.

Blogs as virtual environments for teaching and learning in Higher Education

The transformation of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into knowledge and learning technologies is increasingly becoming a matter of concern. Teaching settings associated with the use of blogs in Higher Education are presented in this paper, proceeding from an innovative learning experience of projects carried out by a group of professors between 2009 and 2013. Both, teachers and students who took part in the subjects that implemented the blog, considered it as helpful resource to create a virtual and learning-teaching environment due to the multiple potentialities it offers. Among some of these potentialities, some stand out: it makes easier the access to knowledge, promotes a more active and reflective learning, expands the social experience of learning, provides evidence about the students’ progress which helps to reorient the teaching-learning process, and encourages the critical judgment. Nevertheless, several problems related with the students’ participation and the teacher’s blog management have been identified.

Video games in the classrooms: implications of a disruptive innovation to develop the Multiple Intelligences

The present study aims to identify the framework of personal, organizational and technical variables that contribute to the viability and successful of innovative educational practices with video games within the school context to enhance the multiple intelligences. For this purpose, advantage was taken on the information previously collected through a questionnaire about the views, thoughts and experiences of a group of teachers of childhood and primary education (N=25) who voluntarily participated in a blended training activity from Center of Teachers (CEFIRE) of Valencia, around a community of practice aimed at promoting and advising projects for implementing educational video games in the classroom. The mixed methodology adopted has allowed the following: a) describe the relationship between their degree of development and daily use made of ICT in the classroom, their level of familiarity with video games,  their previous experience to integrate them for educational purposes..., and their participation in projects that focus on game-based learning; b) conduct content analysis of the opinions and thoughts expressed in a forum for teachers on innovation on and methodological strategies adopted reflected in a virtual board; and c) develop a SWOT analysis: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats inherent in the implementation of experience with video games in the classroom. Among the conclusions, it is highlighted that, even though most did not have specific training or enough technological resources and the planning and implementation of innovation required them a great investment of time, their personal interest, the support given by members of the online community of practice, helped to encourage their activity, along with receptivity, positive attitude and high motivation of students with the experience. These aspects have been crucial to promote successful innovative practices with video games.