1000 resultados para Assistentes sociais - Prática


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presente pesquisa apresenta-se em uma perspectiva qualitativa, de cunho etnográfico. Analisa o movimento da prática avaliativa de professores que participaram do curso sobre Avaliação numa perspectiva construtivista. Inicialmente, discute a hipótese de não-mudança em relação à prática avaliativa. Em uma trajetória reflexiva, a análise passa a ser inspirada nos estudos de Michel de Certeau, ao não se render à supremacia de produtos culturais impostos por uma ordem social dominante; ao não se limitar à perspectiva das teorias sobre Avaliação da aprendizagem. O foco da pesquisa direcionou-se à ação dos consumidores desses produtos os professores que, ao se apropriarem de tais teorias, o fazem à sua maneira, redimensionando-as e as resignificando, com astúcia, criatividade, inventividade. Ao entender que tais profissionais, em situações menos privilegiadas nas estruturas sociais de poder constituído, possuem uma inteligência que engendra uma multiplicidade de interpretações, abrimos nosso olhar para surpresas, possibilitando a apreciação de variados caminhos que delineiam as práticas avaliativas dos professores. No entanto, se elegêssemos um único padrão de referência para a análise das ações cotidianas, poderíamos nos fechar em apenas duas conclusões: obediências ou resistências. Optamos, todavia, por aproximarmo-nos de Certeau, e acreditar, como ele, na inteligência e criatividade também presentes nas ações dos mais fracos nas organizações sociais, que são os consumidores dos produtos culturais. Criamos, destarte, nova oportunidade para que a multidão adquira vida, evidenciando a diversidade de práticas avaliativas de um grupo de professores, focalizando a análise em ações concretas, de professores reais.

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Esta dissertação de Mestrado tem como objetivo desvelar a prática pedagógica de educadoras leigas atuantes na educação não-formal e a práxis educacional que elas desempenham em prol da alfabetização letrada. Ao abordarmos os três temas que regem este estudo educação não-formal, formação de educadoras leigas e alfabetização letrada versamos sobre os resultados obtidos em espaços de educação não-formais, estabelecendo um contraponto: até quando o não-formal pode ser considerado um espaço de educação aquém da escola? Foi realizada uma pesquisa empírica no Projeto Sementinha da cidade de Santo André/ SP, através da observação da práxis educativa de sete educadoras, de entrevistas, coma exsecretária de Educação que implantou o Projeto na cidade; com os Coordenadores Gerais do Projeto Sementinha; com quatro das sete educadoras e ainda, um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o surgimento do Projeto na cidade de Curvelo; MG. Até o momento, as análises realizadas apontaram para o desenvolvimento de práticas de letramento em diferentes momentos da atuação das educadoras e na formação cidadã e moral das crianças assistidas pelo Projeto na comunidade observada para a efetivação deste trabalho de pesquisa.(AU)

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Este estudo identifica as representações sociais das professoras da Educação Infantil e do 1º ano do Ensino Fundamental sobre a Educação Infantil. Embasado nas reflexões de Moscovici (1978) e Jodelet (2004), na perspectiva da Teoria das Representações Sociais, concentra a reflexão nos discursos dos sujeitos participantes. São representações sociais forjadas no grupo e que denotam a compreensão dos seus membros sobre a realidade. Os discursos apresentados pelas professoras foram analisados pelo software ALCESTE e pelo programa EVOC. O processamento dos dados possibilitou reconhecer o espaço da Educação Infantil como um universo dinâmico de conhecimento e construção. As representações sociais apresentadas pelas professoras no transcorrer desta pesquisa nos revelam um discurso formado historicamente pelo grupo e marcado fortemente por sua formação teórica. Acompanhando o processo histórico, no qual a Educação Infantil foi gestada, verificamos algumas tendências que marcam o discurso das professoras hoje. Ao comparar a fala destes sujeitos, verifica-se que seus referenciais teóricos, sua trajetória educativa e o histórico social da Educação Infantil são fatores preponderantes para constituição de seu universo consensual e, consequentemente, das suas representações sociais. Os discursos das professoras confirmam que a história, a vivência no grupo e as teorias que embasaram sua formação contribuem para a constituição das representações sociais. Assim, as representações desvendam que as professoras pensam a Educação Infantil como o local propício para o desenvolvimento integral da criança, entremeado por atividades lúdico-pedagógicas, visando a formação do cidadão e sua inserção no universo escolar. A Educação Infantil está ancorada na ideia de desenvolvimento e as professoras objetivam tal representação na figura da árvore que cresce, da semente que germina, da escada que leva para fases superiores. Ao dialogar com os falatórios das professoras, compreendemos que as representações sociais estão presentes no seu cotidiano e compõem sua prática: falas e gestos dão conteúdo ao seu mundo.(AU0

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O presente Relatório de Estágio realizado na Escola do 1ºCíclo com Pré das Figueirinhas, no âmbito do Mestrado em Actividade Física e Desporto da Universidade da Madeira, procura de uma forma clara e objectiva relatar o trabalho realizado com as crianças e jovens deste Estabelecimento de Ensino ao longo do Ano Lectivo de 2012/2013, no âmbito da prática desportiva. Abrangendo um vasto leque de alunos desde o Pré-escolar (5, 6 anos) ao quarto ano do 1ºCíclo (9-10 anos) realizaram-se, ao longo do ano, diversas actividades de formação desportiva, tanto curriculares como extracurriculares, procurando em simultâneo desenvolver um projecto de criação de um Clube Desportivo na Escola. Procurou-se com a actividade realizada, sobretudo através dos jogos, que as crianças e jovens tivessem uma aprendizagem segura que lhes permita praticarem, com segurança, no futuro. Focou-se, durante o treino, os aspectos essenciais do jogo, seleccionando-os e preocupando-nos apenas com um de cada vez, facilitando assim a aprendizagem e despertando-lhes o interesse para as etapas seguintes. Verificando-se na Escola EB1 com Pré das Figueirinhas a existência de infraestruturas desportivas que possibilitariam a criação de um Clube Escola, demos os primeiros passos com vista à sua criação. Neste sentido sensibilizámos a comunidade educativa no seu todo, tendo entrado em contacto com as instituições de poder local, pois consideramos que a existência de um Clube Escola nesta comunidade educativa será um contributo fundamental para a socialização dos jovens que a ela pertencem.

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This research aims at studying the use of greeting cards, here understood as a literacy practice widely used in American society of the United States. In American culture, these cards become sources of information and memory about people‟s cycles of life, their experiences and their bonds of sociability enabled by means of the senses that the image and the word comprise. The main purpose of this work is to describe how this literacy practice occurs in American society. Theoretically, this research is based on studies of literacy (BARTON, HAMILTON, 1998; BAYHAM, 1995; HAMILTON, 2000; STREET, 1981, 1984, 1985, 1993, 2003), the contributions of social semiotics, associated with systemic-functional grammar (HALLIDAY; HASAN 1978, 1985, HALLIDAY, 1994, HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2004), and the grammar of visual design (KRESS; LEITE-GARCIA, VAN LEEUWEN, 1997, 2004, 2006; KRESS; MATTHIESSEN, 2004). Methodologically, it is a study that falls within the qualitative paradigm of interpretative character, which adopts ethnographic tools in data generation. From this perspective, it makes use of “looking and asking” techniques (ERICKSON, 1986, p. 119), complemented by the technique of "registering", proposed by Paz (2008). The corpus comprises 104 printed cards, provided by users of this cultural artifact, from which we selected 24, and 11 e-cards, extracted from the internet, as well as verbalizations obtained by applying a questionnaire prepared with open questions asked in order to gather information about the perceptions and actions of these cards users with respect to this literacy practice. Data analysis reveals cultural, economic and social aspects of this practice and the belief that literacy practice of using printed greeting cards, despite the existence of virtual alternatives, is still very fruitful in American society. The study also allows users to comprehend that the cardholders position themselves and construct identities that are expressed in verbal and visual interaction in order to achieve the desired effect. As a result, it is understood that greeting cards are not unintentional, but loaded with ideology and power relations, among other aspects that are constitutive of them.

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This study aimed to analyze the practice of nurses regarding the development of the nursing process in the consultation to the patient with tuberculosis. This is a descriptive study with quantitative approach, performed with 60 nurses of the Primary units of the city of Natal, RN Health. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. To collect data, we used a structured questionnaire, developed from the "Consultation of Nursing," the Nursing Protocol for the Treatment of Tuberculosis Directly Observed in Primary Care, Ministry of Health. The instrument was subjected to pre- -test and contained questions regarding the elements used by the nurse in consultation with the patient with tuberculosis and an open question about the feasibility of implementing the Nursing Process in Primary Health Care. data collection was conducted between September and October 2014, in health units work of each participant. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20. The answers to the open question were analyzed for themes and quantified for analysis. With respect to the elements of nursing process used in consultation with the patient with tuberculosis, were on the history of nursing at the expense of survey nursing diagnosis, action planning, implementation and evaluation. Step in the history of nursing, however, the actions were toward complaints and symptoms of the disease (100% of the nurses always investigating). Social and cultural aspects involved in for tuberculosis, as stigma and difficulties in routine work, were less addressed by nurses (43.3% never investigated suffering stigma; 46.7% sometimes investigating changes in the work routine patient ). The physical examination was focused on measuring patient weight (100% held). To the understanding of nurses on the implementation of the nursing process Primary Health Care, favorable factors were identified, such as that this implementation can promote greater scientific basis for nursing (36.7%); and hindering aspects, such as the understanding that Primary Health Care is pervaded by bureaucratic issues and high demand (13.3%). Be established in consultation with the nurse fragmentations, since elements as identification of nursing diagnoses, action planning and evaluation were not made in full by the professionals. Highlights the need for continuing education for nurses who are included in Primary Health Care, seeking to maximize the autonomy of these professionals in developing a practice grounded in scientific knowledge

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The notion of habitus, developed by Pierre Bourdieu, and laying it down with the teaching practice and vice versa comprise the analysis undertaken here. Naturally, concepts such as field, capital and symbolic power, also prepared by him throughout their sociological research, represent important tools in this research work about the components that make up the Faculty practice. Thus, we focus on the actions that characterize this practice and which has the habitus its triggering mechanism, i.e. a device that not only produces the actions, but also changes from them. Based on this perspective, therefore, we are using as methodological feature the collective subject discourse (DSC) and your software (Qualiquantsoft), which aim to understand how certain collective thinking regarding the issues that afflict him. In addition, we undertook during the fieldwork, participant observation techniques as a tool to capture some nuances that permeate the school environment. Our proposal was to observe in what circumstances the objective conditions experienced by teachers in elementary schools I in Parnamirim-RN, tend to conflict with the provisions incorporated by them in their daily life. To put it another way, it means that it is not always the practice can reconcile Professorial what had previously been prescribed and thus widely accepted, with the way to perceive, evaluate and act for each. Although usually pass unnoticed, this disharmony is more common than you think. Proof of this are the looks directed those who fortuitously doubters fail to adapt immediately to regulations imposed by the education system (SE).

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This study seeks to identify how creative environments of musical groups are configured in the Strategy as Practice perspective as theoretical, empirical and conceptual models. It develops within the theoretical framework, discussions on the context of the Creative Economy, Creative Industries, creative environment, organizational paradigm of Creative Economy, music as a creative environment and business, design and dynamics of Strategy as Practice and conjecture about the contextualism and other epistemological currents. The study is shaped as an exploratory and descriptive research, utilizing the qualitative method and being characterized as a Grounded Theory. A total of four musical groups of different styles, markets and areas of operation with over ten years of activity were surveyed. The Grounded Theory and simple observation methods were used for both data collection and analysis. The software ATLAS.ti. was used to help with the analysis. The research shows that the bands perceive the specialized expertise in the virtual social media as a strategic differentiator. It also shows that the groups nourish individuation and the differentiation in their relationship with the individual. Finally, it validates that these organizations get teams involved and value the dynamic design of their routines in strategic decision making, paying attention to a strategic social bias. Strategy and Creative Practice is the main category that emerged from the data. This category is explained through the three aforementioned results. It shows that organizations that are part of the Creative Economy perform simultaneously and dynamically creative and strategic making at both artistic and managerial levels.The theory created is validated by the principles of degree of coherence, functionality, relevance, flexibility, density and integration, and it is inserted in the contextualism principle, which points the knowledge as related to the context in which it is placed and discussed.

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The Business Games are a growing teaching strategy and alternative to the academic front through the new process of Teaching and Learning. Through literature review and semi-structured interviews, this work addresses the teachers considering their subjectivity in deciding JN as the three profiles suggested by Faria and Wellington (2004): those who use it, those who stopped using and those who do not. The research corpus is limited to contributions of 22 respondents between master and doctors teachers of Applied Social Sciences area courses in colleges of Brasília (DF), Goiânia (GO), Ribeirão Preto (SP) and Uberlandia (MG). The content analysis of the interviews allowed to infer that: (1) join the teaching strategy is a commitment to a complex planning, with constant training and proactivity related to student feedback; (2) abandons the practice is becoming less common, because managers tend to recommend it and there are more and more software available for specific disciplines. Its discussed also other contributions (motivations) given by respondents of the three groups that were not found in the literature. It is hoped that this work will serve (1) incentive to teachers on the use of Business Games as a teaching strategy (2) consultation by managers when they decide about purchasing simulation software. Finally, stands out that the educational success of JN depends not only on the various motivations of teachers, as well as the interest and commitment of the student.

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We find in Brazil the reality of religious pluralism. From the end of XIX century until now, the religious scenario became more diversified in a process of acceptance and legitimation of different religions. In the same period, the Third Sector was largely developed up until its current form: complex, broad and plural as well. In this context, we find non profitable organizations that provide services under a religious phylosophy. One in particular, placed in Uberlândia-MG, protestant, has the fearures of a big company and is the largest one among the ones that provide social services and receive public funds in the city: Missão Luz. Thinking about the organization, some questions came to mind: is there a noticeable influence of the religious orientation on practices? How do managers understand and make sense of their practices? Adopting Chanlat’s (1996) concept of management mode, the perspective proposed by the Practice Based Studies (GHERARDI, 2013) and the sensemaking studies (WEICK, 1995), I developed a research that intended to understand Missão Luz’ management practices. Three sources of data were used – documents, shadowing and interviews – to understand, in the most complete way, organization’s management practices, using managers’ perspective. Results pointed to a noticeable relation between faith and management. Ten practices were identified among managers: council decisions, appreciation for excellence, respect for authority figures, giving second chances to employees, desire to be a reference, results quantification, search for professionalization, organization, formalization and standardization. The first five practices were heavily influenced by religious principles, and the five last were influenced by instrumental rationality, usually found in the Second Sector. It was noticed that faith was also related to those last practices, justifying them for their contribution for achieving excellence e consequent action of glorifying God. Practices are maintained e passed by the cultivation of the Mission’s DNA, an organization’s way of doing things, and by the belief of the role of the leader maintaining this DNA. Associated to practices, sensemaking moments were analyzed, situations where there order was disrupted and managers had to make sense e act on this understanding. These situations were divided in three themes: “fly the flag of the company”, changes in schools’ management and God’s purpose and sovereignty. The paper is finished with some suggestions for future researches.

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O presente relatório, realizado no âmbito da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar, é composto por duas partes: Dimensão Reflexiva e Dimensão Investigativa. Na Dimensão Reflexiva é apresentada uma reflexão sobre a prática em contexto de creche e de jardim de infância. Nesta dimensão são focados os aspetos que considerei mais significativos, como as minhas aprendizagens e dúvidas ou o que é ser educador de infância. A Dimensão Investigativa refere-se a um ensaio investigativo realizado no contexto de creche, com a finalidade de saber quais as interações que as crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 24 meses estabelecem entre si, no momento de brincadeira livre, ao redor e dentro da casinha. Seguindo uma metodologia qualitativa, apresentam-se os participantes, os instrumentos de recolha de dados e os procedimentos, bem como os resultados e a sua análise. Os resultados evidenciam que as crianças estabelecem, predominantemente, interações não-verbais com os seus pares, ideia corroborada por Alexandre e Vieira (2004). Investigando com as crianças, no contexto de jardim de infância, revela-se o projeto desenvolvido sobre as abelhas, seguindo a metodologia de trabalho de projeto. Com as crianças descobrimos que as abelhas têm seis patas, que recolhem o pólen das flores, que vivem numa colmeia e que têm três tamanhos diferentes.