Fichas de recuperaci??n de la dislexia: nivel de iniciaci??n

Cuaderno de ejercicios centrados fundamentalmente en el lenguaje y en aspectos perceptivo-motrices, con el objetivo de prevenir las dificultades y alteraciones que pueden aparecer al empezar el aprendizaje de la lectura y la escritura, as?? como para corregir las que padezca ya el alumno. Los ejercicios que comprende son: de actividad mental de atenci??n, seriaciones, diferencias y analog??as; ejercicios de iniciaci??n a la lectura, ejercicios manuales y de graf??a, de cortado, picado; ejercicios de iniciaci??n a la escritura, ejercicios de lenguaje y ejercicios perceptivo-motrices, de colores, tama??os, formas, de esquema corporal, espaciales y temporales..

Del dominio de la informaci??n a la mejora de la inteligencia : aplicaci??n y evaluaci??n del Programa HEBORI (Habilidades y Estrategias para Buscar, Organizar y Razonar la Informaci??n)

El modelo propuesto, Programa HEBORI (Habilidades y Estrategias para Buscar, Organizar y Razonar la Informaci??n) mejora: la operatividad cognitiva de los sujetos; la comprensi??n y producci??n textual expositiva; el acceso a las fuentes de informaci??n y la localizaci??n de documentos; el comportamiento estrat??gico en tareas informativo-documentales y la motivaci??n intr??nseca en el aprendizaje y la disposici??n hacia el aprendizaje cooperativo. Grupo de escolares (N=50) de edad media de 12 a??os al inicio de la intervenci??n y 14 al finalizar, con caracter??sticas similares en cuanto a nivel sociocultural y metodolog??a docente, pertenecientes a dos centros p??blicos de localidades muy pr??ximas de la comarca alicantina de la Vega Baja del Segura: Jacarilla y Benejuzar. Elaboraci??n del marco te??rico en el que se abordan las siguientes cuestiones: actuaci??n docente y sociedad de la informaci??n, escuela y biblioteca, los curr??cula de infantil, primaria y secundaria considerando la instrucci??n de los escolares en el acceso a la informaci??n, temas transversales y contextos instrucionales extraescolares. Una segunda parte se dedica a la presentaci??n de los materiales para el dise??o del Programa HEBORI, incluyendo dos taxonom??as, una referida a habilidades de pensamiento en el ??rea de lenguaje y otra relativa a los procedimientos de aprendizaje. La parte experimental pretende demostrar la eficacia del Programa HEBORI. Se seleccion?? la muestra dividi??ndola en grupo experimental (N=25) que recibi?? el tratamiento dentro del curr??culum de Lengua, Literatura y Ciencias Sociales y el grupo de control que no recibi?? tratamiento alguno. El procedimiento sigui?? las siguientes fases: informaci??n a profesores, bibliotecarios y padres, evaluaci??n pretest de los escolares, dise??o e implementaci??n del Programa de desarrollo cognitivo-documental HEBORI durante dos cursos escolares (s??ptimo y octavo de EGB) y evaluaci??n postest de los escolares. Variables dependientes: actitud, motivaci??n, control del tiempo, ansiedad, concentraci??n, procesamiento de la informaci??n, estrategias de ??xamen, razonamiento deductivo, factor G, analog??as verbales, comprensi??n verbal y lectora, vocabulario, ideas principales, resumen y procedimiento documental. La variable independiente fue la asignaci??n al grupo experimental/control. Prueba LASSI (Weinstein, 1987) para medir variables cognitivas. Bater??a IDEPA (Alonso Tapia et. al., 1992) para medir la capacidad de comprender y resumir. Bater??a CRITEX (Alonso Tapia et. al., 1992) de razonamiento l??gico. Bater??a para la comprensi??n verbal y lectora (S??nchez C??novas, 1992), test factor G de Cattell, escala 2, forma A y la prueba para evaluar fundamentos y procedimientos documentales (Benito, 1992). Dise??o cuasiexperimental de dos grupos no equivalentes (experimental y control) con medidas antes y despu??s del tratamiento. Se realizaron los siguientes an??lisis: varianza correspondiente a un dise??o factorial entre-intra sujetos, pruebas t de diferencias de medias entre los grupos experimental y de control sobre las puntuaciones diferenciales pretest y postest y an??lisis no param??tricos de Mann-Whitney sobre las puntuaciones diferenciales pre-post entre los grupos. El Programa HEBORI es id??neo para la mejora de la comprensi??n y la producci??n textual expositiva y para el acceso a la informaci??n documental.

La instrucci??n p??blica alavesa en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX e inicio del siglo XX

1. Analizar la instrucci??n p??blica-primaria de forma estricta y puntual en ??lava. 2. Enmarcar este estudio en el ??mbito de Espa??a. 3. Observar que las analog??as entre la ense??anza en ??lava, el Pa??s Vasco y Espa??a son m??ltiples y de importancia. Objetivos espec??ficos: 1. Analizar la incidencia de la instrucci??n primaria en el mundo provincial y su aportaci??n al mismo. 2. Demostrar la vinculaci??n de la cultura alavesa y de la instrucci??n primaria en particular, a la Real Sociedad Vascongada de Amigos del Pa??s. 3. Establecer un modesto modelo de estudio local en el campo de la ense??anza. El sistema educativo en ??lava desde finales del siglo XVIII y por extensi??n en el Pa??s Vasco y Espa??a. Descripci??n hist??rica con estudio de las primeras leyes de instrucci??n p??blica y sus consecuencias, de la Revoluci??n de 1868, la instrucci??n p??blica hasta la dictadura del general Miguel Primo de Rivera. Estudio del sistema educativo: caracter??sticas, organizaci??n administrativa, inspecci??n, formaci??n del alumnado, formaci??n del profesorado. El sistema educativo espa??ol se fragu?? en y despu??s de la Guerra de la Independencia debido al vac??o institucional que se produjo con la misma. Aunque te??rica, fue la primera vez que se plante?? una reforma educativa bajo la ideolog??a liberal que se frustr?? con la vuelta al absolutismo encarnado por Fernando VII. El nacimiento real y la consolidaci??n del Sistema Educativo Espa??ol culmin?? en 1857 de manera inherente a la propia consolidaci??n del sistema pol??tico liberal, evidente de manera especial en el caso de ??lava. La evoluci??n de la instrucci??n primaria alavesa durante los siglos XIX y XX sigui?? una l??nea ascendente aunque el balance, en comparaci??n con otros pa??ses europeos, fue pobre, no ocurriendo lo mismo al compararla con la de Espa??a en donde destac?? y ocup?? siempre uno de los primeros lugares respecto a la alfabetizaci??n y restantes aspectos relacionados con este tema. Hubo importantes iniciativas que en ??ltima instancia no se llevaron a cabo.

Towards a european supranational policy of education based on the European Dimension of Education

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n.

Poesia per estimar els arbres

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Utilizaci??n de estrategias y selecci??n de estilos por estudiantes universitarios, ya titulados, en el aprendizaje de la lengua extranjera

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Leitura de mundo, leitura da palavra : construção da competência leitora

Nossa intenção, na presente investigação é seguir um procedimento analógico ao da construção da competência leitora e refletir sobre as influências educacionais, sobretudo, no interesse, ou falta dele, pela leitura, competência fundamental para o desenvolvimento do indivíduo na sociedade. Iniciamos pelo processo de aprendizagem e ensino da leitura e finalizamos com as reflexões: como a prática pedagógica do docente, desperta ou reconcilia o jovem leitor com a leitura? Compreendemos que somos capazes de contribuir para o desenvolvimento e aprofundamento dos hábitos de leitura dos estudantes, principalmente escolar, a fim de “aprimorar” os níveis de leitura e promover no estudante o prazer de ler, desde que, nós enquanto figuras mediadoras e motivadoras em sala de aula, o professor, sintam verdadeiramente esse desejo de desperta no outro o prazer de ler. Como resultado, depreende-se que o próprio professor ainda não incorporou seu papel enquanto figura motivadora, importantíssima, na construção de alunos leitores. Simultaneamente constatamos que o professor é sabedor das lacunas no seu processo de formação acadêmica e da necessidade de formação continuada para “aperfeiçoamento” da sua prática e da posição que ocupam como sujeitos de suas leituras e que seu hábito de leitura, ou ausência dele, tem consequência na prática de ensino/aprendizagem e em seu posicionamento frente aos estudantes como ícone motivador da mesma. Concomitantemente, aferimos que a concepção que predomina nas práticas da leitura ainda é a noção de leitura como decodificação de palavras, essa percepção é notada não só na fala dos estudantes, mas também na do professor. Aferimos também, que a maioria dos estudantes investigados não tem o hábito da leitura e consequentemente não tem consciência das estratégias usadas nesse processo de produção de significados. Esperamos que as discussões aqui apresentadas, e os resultados obtidos nesta investigação proporcionem reflexões sobre a prática pedagógica, favorecendo alterações que colaborem para a melhoria do ensino/aprendizagem de leitura.

Implantación de un sistema para la medida del posicionamiento angular de un manipulador paralelo

[ES]El objetivo del presente proyecto es la programación, mediante la herramienta Labview, de un software para la lectura y almacenamiento de los datos recogidos por un inclinómetro analógico de la marca STW Technic. Una vez el programa esté listo, se procederá a realizar una serie de pruebas mediante vibraciones a distintas frecuencias y con distinta amplitud de ángulo para determinar los límites de medida del sensor.

Synteza analogów nukleozydów i pronukleotydów z zastosowaniem reakcji Huisgena katalizowanej jonami miedzi(I) oraz badania ich aktywności biologicznej

Wydział Chemii: Pracownia Chemii Nukleozydów i Nukleotydów

A cost-effective high-throughput digital system for observation and acquisition of animal behavioral data

We have designed and implemented a low-cost digital system using closed-circuit television cameras coupled to a digital acquisition system for the recording of in vivo behavioral data in rodents and for allowing observation and recording of more than 10 animals simultaneously at a reduced cost, as compared with commercially available solutions. This system has been validated using two experimental rodent models: one involving chemically induced seizures and one assessing appetite and feeding. We present observational results showing comparable or improved levels of accuracy and observer consistency between this new system and traditional methods in these experimental models, discuss advantages of the presented system over conventional analog systems and commercially available digital systems, and propose possible extensions to the system and applications to nonrodent studies.

Fine wire resistance thermometer amplifier for atmospheric measurements

An improved amplifier for atmospheric fine wire resistance thermometry is described. The amplifier uses a low excitation current (50 mu A). This is shown to ensure negligible self-heating of the low mass fine wire resistance sensor, compared with measured nocturnal surface air temperature fluctuations. The system provides sufficient amplification for a +/- 50 degrees C span using a +/- 5 V dynamic range analog-to-digital converter, with a noise level of less than 0.01 degrees C. A Kelvin four-wire connection cancels the effect of long lead resistances: a 50 m length of screened cable connecting the Reading design of fine wire thermometer to the amplifier produced no measurable temperature change at 12 bit resolution.

Thermopile radiometer signal conditioning for surface atmospheric radiation measurements

A highly stable microvolt amplifier for use with atmospheric broadband thermopile radiometers is described. The amplifier has a nominal gain of 500, for bipolar input signals in the range +/- 10 mV from a floating source. The noise level at the input is less than 5 mu V (at 100 k Omega input impedance), permitting instantaneous diffuse solar radiation measurements to 0.5 W m(-2) resolution with 12 bit analog to digital conversion. The temperature stability of gain is better than 5 ppm/degrees C (-4 to 20 degrees C). Averaged over a decade of use, the long term drift of the amplifier gain is less than similar to 0.02%/yr. As well as radiometers measuring solar and terrestrial radiations, the amplifier has also been successfully used with low level signals from thermocouples and ground heat flux plates.

In vivo transformations of artemisinic acid in Artemisia annua plants

Artemisinic acid labeled with both C-13 and H-2 at the 15-position has been fed to intact plants of Artemisia annua via the cut stem, and its in vivo transformations studied by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy. Seven labeled metabolites have been isolated, all of which are known as natural products from this species. The transformations of artemisinic acid-as observed both for a group of plants, which was kept alive by hydroponic administration of water and for a group, which was allowed to die by desiccation-closely paralleled those, which have been recently described for its 11,13-dihydro analog, dihydroartemisinic acid. It seems likely therefore that similar mechanisms, involving spontaneous autoxidation of the Delta(4,5) double bond in both artemisinic acid and dihydroartemisinic acid and subsequent rearrangements of the resultant allylic hydroperoxides, may be involved in the biological transformations, which are undergone by both compounds. All of the sesquiterpene metabolites, which were obtained from in vivo transformations of artemisinic acid retained their unsaturation at the 11,13-position, and there was no evidence for conversion into any 11,13-dihydro metabolite, including artemisinin, the antimalarial drug, which is produced by A. annua. This observation led to the proposal of a unified biosynthetic scheme, which accounts for the biogenesis of many of the amorphane and cadinane sesquiterpenes that have been isolated as natural products from A. annua. In this scheme, there is a bifurcation in the biosynthetic pathway starting from amorpha-4,11-diene leading to either artemisinic acid or dihydroartemisinic acid; these two committed precursors are then, respectively, the parents for the two large families of highly oxygenated 11,13-dehydro and 11,13-dihydro sesquiterpene metabolites, which are known from this species. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

A cost-effective high-throughput digital system for observation and acquisition of animal behavioral data

We have designed and implemented a low-cost digital system using closed-circuit television cameras coupled to a digital acquisition system for the recording of in vivo behavioral data in rodents and for allowing observation and recording of more than 10 animals simultaneously at a reduced cost, as compared with commercially available solutions. This system has been validated using two experimental rodent models: one involving chemically induced seizures and one assessing appetite and feeding. We present observational results showing comparable or improved levels of accuracy and observer consistency between this new system and traditional methods in these experimental models, discuss advantages of the presented system over conventional analog systems and commercially available digital systems, and propose possible extensions to the system and applications to non-rodent studies.

Borg's rating of perceived exertion scales: do the verbal anchors mean the same for different clinical groups?

Objective: To examine the interpretation of the verbal anchors used in the Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scales in different clinical groups and a healthy control group. Design: Prospective experimental study. Setting: Rehabilitation center. Participants: Nineteen subjects with brain injury, 16 with chronic low back pain (CLBP), and 20 healthy controls. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Subjects used a visual analog scale (VAS) to rate their interpretation of the verbal anchors from the Borg RPE 6-20 and the newer 10-point category ratio scale. Results: All groups placed the verbal anchors in the order that they occur on the scales. There were significant within-group differences (P > .05) between VAS scores for 4 verbal anchors in the control group, 8 in the CLBP group, and 2 in the brain injury group. There was no significant difference in rating of each verbal anchor between the groups (P > .05). Conclusions: All subjects rated the verbal anchors in the order they occur on the scales, but there was less agreement in rating of each verbal anchor among subjects in the brain injury group. Clinicians should consider the possibility of small discrepancies in the meaning of the verbal anchors to subjects, particularly those recovering from brain injury, when they evaluate exercise perceptions.