Kotiutushoitajan tehtävänkuva ja hyvän kotiutuksen kriteerit Vantaan kaupungin kotihoidossa

Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli kartoittaa Vantaan kaupungin kotihoidon kotiutushoitajien tehtävän sisältöä ja luoda hyvän kotiutuksen kriteerit Vantaan kaupungin kotihoitoon. Opinnäytetyö toteutettiin työyhteisön kehittämishankkeena. Tutkimus- ja kehittämistyön tavoitteena oli kehittää kotiutushoitajatoimintaa Vantaan kaupungin kotihoidossa seuraavia tutkimustehtäviä apuna käyttäen: kuvaamalla, mitä kotiutushoitajan tehtävänkuvaan kuuluu ja miten se näkyy käytännön työssä, selvittämällä, mitkä ovat kotiutushoitajan keskeisimmät tehtävät, tuottamalla hyvän kotiutuksen kriteerit Vantaan kaupungin kotihoitoon ja kartoittamalla, miten kotiutushoitajan tehtävänkuvaa tulisi muuttaa, jotta se täyttäisi hyvän kotiutuksen kriteerit. Tutkimus- ja kehittämistyö toteutettiin osallistavaa toimintatutkimusta soveltaen. Lähtökohtana oli kotiutushoitajatoiminnan alkaminen Vantaan kaupungin kotihoidossa syksyllä 2004, joten kyseessä oli uuden toiminnan tutkiminen ja kehittäminen. Aineisto kerättiin kahdessa vaiheessa. Ensimmäisessä vaiheessa aineisto kerättiin kolme avointa kysymystä sisältävällä lomakkeella, joihin pyydettiin kotiutushoitajapareja vastaamaan kirjoittamalla vastaukset esseemuotoon ja toisessa vaiheessa aineisto kerättiin haastattelemalla esseisiin vastanneita kotiutushoitajia. Molemmat aineistot käsiteltiin sisällön erittelyä apuna käyttäen. Tulokset ovat kuvattu niillä käsitteillä, joita kotiutushoitajat ovat tuoneet ilmi. Kotiutushoitajien mukaan kotiutushoitajan tehtäväkuvaan kuuluu toimia yhteyshoitajana kotiuttavan hoitopaikan ja kotihoidon välillä ja osallistua hoitokokouksiin varsinkin vaativissa kotiutuksissa tai jos kyseessä on oman solun asiakas. Kotiutushoitajan olisi hyvä tehdä alustava hoitosuunnitelma kotiutuvasta asiakkaasta. Kotiutushoitaja toimii yhteistyössä oman alueensa kotihoidon henkilökunnan, VERPAn (vanhustenhuollon erityispalvelut), alueen sosiaalityöntekijän ja tukipalveluista vastaavien kanssa. Lisäksi hän opastaa ja neuvoo asiakkaita ja yhteistyökumppaneita kotihoidon palveluiden suhteen. Hänen toiminnassaan korostuu asiantuntijuus. Kotiutushoitajien mukaan asiakkaan onnistuneeseen kotiutukseen kuuluivat seuraavat kriteerit: asiakaslähtöisyyden kunnioittaminen, yhteistyö ja yhteydenpito omaisiin ja kotiuttavaan hoitopaikkaan, kotiutuksen valmistelu ja koordinointi, kotiutumisesta tiedottaminen, hoitoneuvotteluiden koordinointi ja järjestäminen, tarvittavien tukipalveluiden tilaaminen ja asiakkaan hoidon arviointi. Hyvän kotiutuksen kriteerit liittyivät sekä kotiuttavaan hoitopaikkaan että kotihoitoon. Kotiutushoitajat ehdottivat seuraavia muutoksia nykyiseen kotiutushoitajatoimintaan: toiminnan uudelleen järjestäminen siten, että kotiutushoitajalle perustettaisiin oma toimi joko sairaalaan tai kotihoitoon. Lisäksi toivottiin toiminnan yhtenäistämistä ja yhteistyön tiivistämistä kotihoidon ja sairaalan kesken. Jatkokehittämishaasteena on kehittää vastuuhoitajatoimintaa ja kirjaamista Vantaan kaupungin kotihoidossa. Tärkeää on myös arvioida hyvän kotiutuksen kriteerien toteutumista sekä kotiutuvien että kotihoidon hoitajien kokemana.

Experiencias vividas por niños y niñas con cáncer a través de la musicoterapia: un proyecto de acción- participación

Justificación: este trabajo muestra una mirada más profunda acerca de cómo viven los niños y niñasla experiencia de vivir con el Cáncer, enfermedad que representa la primera causa de mortalidadentre los 5-14 años, en Cataluña.El profesional de Enfermería es clave en indagar y reflexionar acerca de la experiencia, y endesarrollar el papel que juega la intervención enfermera denominada Musicoterapia comoherramienta de expresión y comunicación, para descubrir que hay detrás de su realidad.Indagar en este contexto puede contribuir a mejorar la calidad de vida del colectivo infantil inmersoen la patología.Objetivo: conocer cómo viven la experiencia oncológica los niños y niñas, utilizando comoherramienta de trabajo la Musicoterapia en el escenario del Hospital Materno-Infantil Vall d´Hebrónde Barcelona.Diseño: proyecto de Investigación Acción-Participativa (IAP), enmarcado en el paradigma cualitativo.Metodología: se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en bases de datos: Pubmed, CINAHL, Cuiden, Cuidatge,entre otras y diferentes fuentes de información. Los sujetos de estudio fueron 14 niños y niñas entre8 y 12 años de edad ingresados en la planta de Oncología durante al menos 8 semanas. Para larecogida de datos se utilizaron las siguientes estrategias: entrevistas semiestructuradas, notas decampo y grupos de discusión.En cuanto al análisis mencionar que se siguió un riguroso trabajo para asignar unidades de significadoa la información obtenida.Consideraciones finales: Este proyecto ha permitido avanzar hacia el conocimiento enfermero yprofundizar en el cuidado holístico de los niños.

Measuring effects of strategic utilization of social media in business-to-business marketing: Case Greenlux Finland Oy

Utilization of social media is increasingly common in B2B marketing. Social media is an efficient and cheap marketing and communication channel available for everyone, and thus extremely attractive marketing medium. The more companies get involved in social media the more failures are reported. It is not enough for a company to just be present in social media. Succeeding on it requires hard work, investing time and money, and ability to measure and to monitor performance. With an increasing number of companies failing in utilizing social media, together with lack of research on strategic utilization of social media focusing on B2B marketing, measuring, and monitoring create a purpose for this research. The aim of this research is to discover methods for measuring and monitoring effects of strategic utilization of social media in B2B marketing. Most relevant financial and non-financial indicators are discussed, and the methods by which these can be monitored and measured. In addition, effects of strategic utilization of social media on the case company are measured and analyzed. The research methodology used in this research is a participatory action research, which includes elements of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The case company examined in the research provides a unique opportunity to follow through all phases of strategic utilization of social media for B2B marketing purposes concluding real effects of social media to the case company, and thus gain a deep understanding about this new marketing medium in the perspective of B2B marketing. Duration of the research period is seven months. During this time, information is collected, measured, and analyzed. Case company does not have any other marketing activities simultaneously which makes it possible to examine social media apart from effects of other visible marketing activities. Effects of strategic utilization of social media can be monitored and measured in many ways. Methods that should be used depend on goals set for social media. Fundamental nature of social media requires multidimensional assessment, and thus effects should be measured, and monitored considering both financial and non-financial indicators. The results implicates that effects of strategic utilization of social media are relatively wide ranged. According to the findings, social media affects positively on brand, number of web page visitors, visitor behavior, and on distribution of awareness. According to investment calculations social media is a legitimate investment for case company. Results also implicate that by using social media case company gains conversation, arouses interest, gets attention, and creates interactivity. In addition and as a side note, winter holiday season appears to have a great effect on social media activity of B2B companies’ representatives.

Reengineering and modelling of a product certification process

Työn teoriaosuudessa tutkittiin prosessien uudelleen suunnittelua, prosessien mallintamista sekä prosessimittariston rakentamista. Työn tavoitteena oli uudelleen suunnitella organisaation sertifiointiprosessi. Tämän tavoitteen saavuttamiseksi piti mallintaa nykyinen ja uusi prosessi sekä rakentaa mittaristo, joka antaisi organisaatiolle arvokasta tietoa siitä, kuinka tehokkaasti uusi prosessi toimii. Työ suoritettiin osallistuvana toimintatutkimuksena. Diplomityön tekijä oli toiminut kohdeorganisaatiossa työntekijänä jo useita vuosia ja pystyi näinollen hyödyntämään omaa tietämystään sekä nykyisen prosessin mallintamisessa, että uuden prosessin suunnittelussa. Työn tuloksena syntyi uusi sertifiointiprosessi, joka on karsitumpi ja tehokkaampi kuin edeltäjänsä. Uusi mittaristojärjestelmä rakennettiin, jota organisaation johto kykenisi seuraamaan prosessin sidosryhmien tehokkuutta sekä tuotteiden laadun kehitystä. Sivutuotteena organisaatio sai käyttöönsä yksityiskohtaiset prosessikuvaukset, joita voidaan hyödyntää koulutusmateriaalina uutta henkilöstöä rekrytoitaessa sekä informatiivisena työkaluna esiteltäessä prosessia virallisille sertifiointitahoille.

Finding Spaces for Urban Food Production – Matching Spatial and Stakeholder Analysis with Urban Agriculture Approaches in the Urban Renewal Area of Dortmund-Hörde, Germany

Using the case of an economically declined neighbourhood in the post-industrial German Ruhr Area (sometimes characterized as Germany’s “Rust Belt”), we analyse, describe and conclude how urban agriculture can be used as a catalyst to stimulate and support urban renewal and regeneration, especially from a socio-cultural perspective. Using the methodological framework of participatory action research, and linking bottom-up and top-down planning approaches, a project path was developed to include the population affected and foster individual responsibility for their district, as well as to strengthen inhabitants and stakeholder groups in a permanent collective stewardship for the individual forms of urban agriculture developed and implemented. On a more abstract level, the research carried out can be characterized as a form of action research with an intended transgression of the boundaries between research, planning, design, and implementation. We conclude that by synchronously combining those four domains with intense feedback loops, synergies for the academic knowledge on the potential performance of urban agriculture in terms of sustainable development, as well as the benefits for the case-study area and the interests of individual urban gardeners can be achieved.

Adequação de cadeia de suprimentos : um estudo na indústria automotiva brasileira

O conceito de cadeias de suprimentos (supp/y chains) é um dos mais avançados, no contexto da gestão contemporânea de empreendimentos, sendo fundamental para a compreensão da ação dos integrantes dos ramos e canais de fornecimento de recursos para a produção de produtos e serviços. Na indústria da mobilidade, que compreende os esforços voltados para a produção de meios de transporte de tangíveis em geral (incluindo veículos automotores, navios, locomotivas, aviões, dentre outros), a cadeia de suprimentos é complexa e envolve múltiplos canais. Dentre os vários canais, há o que se ocupa de fornecer componentes essenciais para a fabricação de veículos automotores, destacando-se, neste, o de fornecimento de DET (dispositivo eletrônico por toque). Numa economia globalizada, como ocorre no Brasil, neste princípio do século XXI , DET e outros componentes podem ser adquiridos no país ou em qualquer outro lugar do planeta, onde preço, qualidade e condições de fornecimento se mostrarem competitivos. Há, entretanto, fatores perturbadores que prevalecem, mesmo em situação de comércio praticamente livre e com o predomínio de acordos comerciais bilaterais ou multilaterais. Um desses fatores é o risco cambial, aliás, um fenômeno típico da realidade atual, onde instabilidades monetárias podem fazer oscilar a cotação das moedas, alterando inteiramente os padrões de custos vigentes na cadeia de suprimentos, afetando o processo de tomada de decisões e o preço final do produto para o cliente. Visando a reduzir este problema, uma montadora de veículos instalada no Brasil (aqui denominada MAGfl manifestou-se interessada em que os fornecedores de DET com gabarito para integrar sua supp/y chain pudessem fornecer produtos em moeda nacional, significando, na prática, a busca de soluções para melhorar sua competitividade (em qualidade e preço, a primeira com um leque maior de fornecedores e o segundo através da redução do espectro de variações de custo, eliminadas as oscilações cambiais). Deste modo, a empresa pretendeu agregar valor aos seus produtos. A presente dissertação de mestrado, utilizando o método combinado de estudo de caso com PAR (Participatory Action Research ou pesquisaação), retrata a experiência vivida por uma organização transnacional, com negócios no país (a ETE), em sua busca de solução para adequar-se aos objetivos do cliente MAG, adaptando o canal de fornecimento para que maior valor agregado possa ser percebido. A dissertação procura, neste sentido, acompanhar o processo de análise e estudos de viabilidade de um empreendimento denominado "Projeto High Sound", realizado pelas organizações envolvidas, incluindo a pesquisa e a constituição de uma joint venture com parceiro nacional (PAN), contemplando, por fim, a análise de oportunidade sobre a possível operação direta futura da ETE no país confrontada com a análise de manutenção de operação com gestão compartilhada, em sistema de off-set, com empresa gerenciadora de canais de comercialização

Crenças na formação reflexiva de uma professora de inglês da rede pública

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

O salto com vara na escola: subsídios para o seu ensino a partir de uma perspectiva histórica

Pós-graduação em Ciências da Motricidade - IBRC

Mapeamento de oportunidades de negócios a partir de laboratórios de pesquisa e desenvolvimento: estudo de caso CEAMAZON

Este trabalho volta-se a área de inovação e a tecnologia como fator de diferenciação e geração de negócios de base tecnológica a partir de projetos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento do Centro de Excelência em Eficiência Energética na Amazônia – CEAMAZON, visando identificar e classificar o potencial de empreendimentos oriundos dos projetos dos laboratórios de P&D em energia deste centro. Utilizou-se a metodologia do Radar de negócios em tecnologia e inovação (RANTI) para levantar e gerar um portifólio de negócios em energia, e o potencial de inovação do CEAMAZON para que a sociedade faça uso do conhecimento gerado a partir desse centro de pesquisa para a criação de empresas e negócios por empreendedores, investidores e/ou empresários, a fim de gerar empregos, mais tecnologia e multiplicar a capacidade do CEAMAZON de criar mais projetos de P&D com interface com o mercado.

O uso social da leitura e as práticas pedagógicas em sala de aula: construção de conhecimentos e formação de leitores

This research aimed at studying the social role of reading, its importance in building knowledge and training of readers, as well as reflect on the teaching of reading in schools, with children in the literacy process. For their achievement, were used as theoretical support authors who are dedicated to the study of language, thematic reading, and phenomena that occur through it in the school environment, especially those of Bakhtin, Kleiman, Chartier, Foucambert, among others . The research was carried out using the approach of qualitative research, using participatory action research, through which the researcher could have direct contact with the observed phenomena, to participate and collect the participants' actions in its natural context, the from their perspective and their views. As for collecting and analyzing data, we used the tools of questionnaire, interview and participant observation. Its subjects a literacy class and their respective teacher, in 2009. By analyzing this information, one can draw a picture of reading in the school environment and teaching practices that surround this object. The results of the literature survey and data analysis suggest that reading is a social practice, and as such has indispensable social function in society today. And the school, one of the greatest instruments of contact with the world of letters, therefore, of reading for children means not literate, have key role in developing and training of readers who are aware of the importance of reading and perpetuate this practice in their daily lives. Similarly, subjects of research, have achieved an advanced level of literacy and understand the social role of reading and its importance to live in society, in which they belong

An Exploratory Study about Microblogging Acceptance at Work

Microblogging is the new Web 2.0 hype in the media. Techies, politicians, family members and many more use Twitter to keep in touch with their interest groups, their voters or their friends and relatives. We wanted to know whether Twitter can also keep us aware about our team colleagues, how this improves teamwork and finally why Twitter is accepted and used in teams. Based on an action research study about Twitter usage in a team of seven researchers and the findings of prior literature, we attempt to extend the unified theory of technology acceptance (Venkatesh 2003) and adapt it to the specific context of microblogging in teams. Extending the performance expectancy construct, we propose two groups of factors inherent to social software that should be integrated into the UTAUT: the task characteristics of other users and the individual motivations for using social software

Transformation of local medicinal knowledge in the Andean Highlands: Case studies from Peru and Bolivia

In the Andean highlands, indigenous environmental knowledge is currently undergoing major changes as a result of various external and internal factors. As in other parts of the world, an overall process of erosion of local knowledge can be observed. In response to this trend, some initiatives that adopt a biocultural approach aim at actively strengthening local identities and revalorizing indigenous environmental knowledge and practices, assuming that such practices can contribute to more sustainable management of biodiversity. However, these initiatives usually lack a sound research basis, as few studies have focused on the dynamics of indigenous environmental knowledge in the Andes and on its links with biodiversity management. Against this background, the general objective of this research project was to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of indigenous environmental knowledge in the Andean highlands of Peru and Bolivia by investigating how local medicinal knowledge is socially differentiated within rural communities, how it is transformed, and which external and internal factors influence these transformation processes. The project adopted an actor-oriented perspective and emphasized the concept of knowledge dialogue by analyzing the integration of traditional and formal medicinal systems within family therapeutic strategies. It also aimed at grasping some of the links between the dynamics of medicinal knowledge and the types of land use systems and biodiversity management. Research was conducted in two case study areas of the Andes, both Quechua-speaking and situated in comparable agro-ecological production belts - Pitumarca District, Department of Cusco (Southern Peruvian Highlands) and the Tunari National Park, Department of Cochabamba (Bolivian inner-Andean valleys). In each case study area, the land use systems and strategies of 18 families from two rural communities, their environmental knowledge related to medicine and to the local therapeutic flora, and an appreciation of the dynamics of this knowledge were assessed. Data were collected through a combination of disciplinary and participatory action-research methods. It was mostly analyzed using qualitative methods, though some quantitative ethnobotanical methods were also used. In both case studies, traditional medicine still constitutes the preferred option for the families interviewed, independently of their age, education level, economic status, religion, or migration status. Surprisingly and contrary to general assertions among local NGOs and researchers, results show that there is a revival of Andean medicine within the younger generation, who have greater knowledge of medicinal plants than the previous one, value this knowledge as an important element of their way of life and relationship with “Mother Earth” (Pachamama), and, at least in the Bolivian case, prefer to consult the traditional healer rather than go to the health post. Migration to the urban centres and the Amazon lowlands, commonly thought to be an important factor of local medicinal knowledge loss, only affects people’s knowledge in the case of families who migrate over half of the year or permanently. Migration does not influence the knowledge of medicinal plants or the therapeutic strategies of families who migrate temporarily for shorter periods of time. Finally, economic status influences neither the status of people’s medicinal knowledge, nor families’ therapeutic strategies, even though the financial factor is often mentioned by practitioners and local people as the main reason for not using the formal health system. The influence of the formal health system on traditional medicinal knowledge varies in each case study area. In the Bolivian case, where it was only introduced in the 1990s and access to it is still very limited, the main impact was to give local communities access to contraceptive methods and to vaccination. In the Peruvian case, the formal system had a much greater impact on families’ health practices, due to local and national policies that, for instance, practically prohibit some traditional practices such as home birth. But in both cases, biomedicine is not considered capable of responding to cultural illnesses such as “fear” (susto), “bad air” (malviento), or “anger” (colerina). As a consequence, Andean farmers integrate the traditional medicinal system and the formal one within their multiple therapeutic strategies, reflecting an inter-ontological dialogue between different conceptions of health and illness. These findings reflect a more general trend in the Andes, where indigenous communities are currently actively revalorizing their knowledge and taking up traditional practices, thus strengthening their indigenous collective identities in a process of cultural resistance.

An International Professional Development Collaboration in Literacy Education

An International Professional Development Collaboration in Literacy Education is a report of an international professional development project in Guatemala designed to improve literacy instructional practices and thereby raise student achievement in reading and writing. The opportunity for coaching Guatemalan teachers in teaching literacy strategies and skills provides data for this participatory action research study. This research is intended to contribute to cross-cultural understanding by graduate and undergraduate students in literacy, improved pedagogical techniques, international outreach in developing countries, and student academic success worldwide.

El acceso al agua de los agricultores familiares de la región pampeana : Un análisis multidimensional

Este artículo presenta, en su primera parte, el enfoque conceptual y metodológico de un proyecto de investigación-acción participativa abordado de forma interdisciplinaria. La investigación refiere a las diferentes dimensiones que condicionan el acceso al agua de los agricultores familiares en distintos sitios de la región pampeana. La problemática se define en la dinámica con los actores involucrados, considerando que el agua mediatiza las relaciones sociales -de apropiación para el riego y la producción agrícola y de otros sectores, el consumo y la eliminación de residuos- entre diferentes actores. En las últimas secciones se presentan algunas de las observaciones y reflexiones del equipo de investigación en base a los primeros avances del trabajo de campo

El acceso al agua de los agricultores familiares de la región pampeana : Un análisis multidimensional

Este artículo presenta, en su primera parte, el enfoque conceptual y metodológico de un proyecto de investigación-acción participativa abordado de forma interdisciplinaria. La investigación refiere a las diferentes dimensiones que condicionan el acceso al agua de los agricultores familiares en distintos sitios de la región pampeana. La problemática se define en la dinámica con los actores involucrados, considerando que el agua mediatiza las relaciones sociales -de apropiación para el riego y la producción agrícola y de otros sectores, el consumo y la eliminación de residuos- entre diferentes actores. En las últimas secciones se presentan algunas de las observaciones y reflexiones del equipo de investigación en base a los primeros avances del trabajo de campo