711 resultados para Profession and lifestyle
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In this paper we explore the implications of pluralist curricula for architectural technology. This includes the potential effects on strengthening the identity of the architectural technology profession and the academic development of the discipline. This latter relies, arguably, on research being explicit in CIAT’s eight mandatory threshold standards. This work concentrates on one of the Chartered Institute of Architectural Technologist’s (CIATS’s) key subjects; 'design', defined as detail design for the architectural technologist. In postulating a philosophy of architectural technology epistemology with a focus on detail design, the pedagogy of architectural detailing in practice and academia is investigated: the associated roles of creativity and conditioning are explored. The interrelationship between conceptual design and construction processes in practice is outlined, identifying the role of the detail design specialist (architectural technologist) in the management of design and production information. Thus is identified the future architectural technologists’ specialisation of nuclear architecture: the total quality construction created by quality of thinking which permeates from and to detail design for assembly/disassembly and production within a collaboratively mechanised AEC team. A theory of nuclear architecture and an associated approach to detail design pedagogy are postulated, aiming to promote a revised perception of the definition of design for the architectural technologist. How this theory can be applied to the creation of a paradigmatic student project, themed on designing for disassembly as a key future focus of ‘Healthy Building’ design is introduced for future exploration. This future research into detail design, the authors propose, should be predicated on the appropriate methodology related to the epistemology of a design-based area of the architectural technology discipline. The roles of Professional, Statutory and Regulatory Bodies (PSRB) in the evaluation and subsequent dissemination of this detail design pedagogy, with the aim of strengthening the architectural technology discipline are emphasised.
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Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014
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'Reproduced with permission from Environmental Health Perspectives'
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Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do grau de mestre em Ciências da Educação - área de Supervisão e Orientação Pegagógica
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Nos dias de hoje, continua a assistir-se a elevados níveis de sinistralidade, no eventual reflexo de deficientes ou inexistentes estruturas de prevenção de riscos profissionais em muitos locais de trabalho. A necessidade de segurança, higiene, prevenção e formação no trabalho é, simultaneamente, uma reflexão sobre nós mesmos e as nossas atitudes, intervenientes prioritários, cada vez mais dependentes e exigentes com o trabalho e com tudo o que ele implica. Todavia, nos locais de trabalho são frequentemente criadas situações de perigo para a saúde e para a integridade física dos trabalhadores. A nível mundial, fontes ligadas à OMS (Organização Mundial da Saúde) e à OIT (Organização Internacional do Trabalho) referem que as condições de trabalho de cerca de 2/3 da população ativa estão abaixo dos padrões mínimos de qualidade, ou seja representam um risco real para a saúde e integridade física dos indivíduos. As estatísticas mundiais apontam para a existência de cerca de 157 milhões de novos casos de doenças profissionais por ano e de 120 milhões de acidentes de trabalho, dos quais 220 mil acidentes são fatais.
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"Containing treaties on the various branches of the law, notes of leading cases and of statutes, short notes of legal news, legislative measures, and other matters of interest to the profession, and a complete summary or digest of cases.
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Objective: The authors investigated the associations of medical and lifestyle factors with the mental health of men in their 80s. Methods: This was a prospective study of a community-representative cohort of older men. Successful mental health aging was defined as reaching age 80 years with Mini-Mental State Examination score (MMSE) of 24 or more and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 items (GDS-15) score of 5 or less. Results: Of 601 men followed for 4.8 years, 76.0% enjoyed successful mental health aging. Successful mental health aging was inversely associated with age (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81 - 0.94), non-English-speaking background (HR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.21 - 0.85), and the consumption of full-cream milk (HR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45 - 0.89), and directly associated with high school or university education (HR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.34 - 2.75) and vigorous (HR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.17 - 3.05) and nonvigorous physical activity (HR = 1.50; 95% CI: 1.05 - 2.14). Marital status, smoking and alcohol use, weekly consumption of meat or fish, and a medical history of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, and stroke were not associated with mental health outcomes in men aged 80 years or over. Conclusion: Three in four men who reach age 80 years undergo successful mental health aging. Factors associated with successful mental health aging include education and lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity. Lifestyle modification by means of increasing physical activity and reducing saturated fat intake may prove to be a safe, inexpensive, and readily available strategy to help maximize the successful mental health aging of the population.
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OBJECTIVE - We examined the associations of physical activity with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and with 2-h postload plasma glucose (2-h PG) in men and women with low, moderate, and high waist circumference. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - The Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study provided data on a population-based cross-sectional sample of 4,108 men and 5,106 women aged >= 25 years without known diabetes or health conditions that could affect physical activity. FPG and 2-h PG were obtained from an oral glucose tolerance test. Self-reported physical activity level was defined according to the current public health guidelines as active (>= 150 min/week across five or more sessions) or inactive (< 150 min/week and/or less than five sessions). Sex-specific quintiles of physical activity time were used to ascertain dose response. RESULTS - Being physically active and total physical activity time were independently and negatively associated with 2-h PG. When physical activity level was considered within each waist circumference category, 2-h PG was significantly lower in active high-waist circumference women (beta-0.30 [95% CI -0.59 to -0.01], P = 0.044) and active low-waist circumference men(beta-0.25 [-0.49 to -0.02],P = 0.036) compared with their inactive counterparts. Considered across physical activity and waist circumference categories, 2-h PG levels were not significantly different between active moderate-waist circumference participants and active low-waist circumference participants. Associations between physical activity and FPG were nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS - There are important differences between 2-h PG and FPG related to physical activity. It appears that 2-h PG is more sensitive to the beneficial effects of physical activity, and these benefits occur across the waist circumference spectrum.
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There has been a greater emphasis over the past few years of encouraging high school students to take up engineering as a career. This is due to a greater need for engineers in society, particularly in areas that are suffering a skills shortage. Both the engineering profession and universities across Australia have moved to address this shortage, with a proliferation of engineering outreach activities and programs the result. The Engineering Link Group (TELG) began the Engineering Link Project (ELP) over a decade ago with a focus on helping motivated high school students make an informed choice about engineering as a career. It also aimed at encouraging more high school students to study maths and science at high school. From the start the ELP was designed so that the students became engineers, rather than just hear from or watch engineers. Real working engineers pose problems to groups of students for them solve over the course of a day. In this way, students experience what it is like to be an engineer. It has been found that the project does help high school students make more informed career choices about engineering. The project also gave the students real life and practical reasons for studying sciences and mathematics at high school. © 2005, Australasian Association for Engineering Education
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There has been considerable debate about the need for more empirical, evidence based studies of the impact of various interventions and practices in engineering education. A number of resources including workshops to guide engineering faculty in the conduct of such studies have emerged over recent years. This paper presents a critique of the evolution of engineering education research and its underlying assumptions in the context of the systemic reform currently underway in engineering education. This critique leads to an analysis of the ways in which our current understanding of engineering, engineering education and research in engineering education is shaped by the traditions and cultural characteristics of the profession and grounded, albeit implicitly, in a particular suite of epistemological assumptions. It is argued that the whole enterprise of engineering education needs to be radically reconceptualized. A pluralistic approach to framing scholarship in engineering education is then proposed based on the principles of demonstrable practicality, critical interdisciplinarity and holistic reflexivity. This new framework has implications for engaging and developing faculty in the context of new teaching and learning paradigms, for the evaluation of the scholarship of teaching and for the research-teaching nexus.
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Growing evidence suggest the importance of different environments in promoting the pathogenesis and/or exacerbation of asthma. Indoor air pollution is a major contributor to human exposure, since people spend up to 90% of their day indoors. Apart from active smoking, indoor pollution is considered one of the major preventable risk factors of chronic respiratory diseases. The professional activity can also be dangerous because it exposes the subject to environments that can promote the onset of asthma or worsening of the latter in those already affected. Even bad habits such as incorrect diet, lead to more difficulty in controlling their disease. However asthma is a multifactorial disease in nature so it is not easy to distinguish the role of occupational exposure, pollution and normal habits such as smoking, nutrition, sports, etc. This retrospective study was conducted on a sample of asthma patients residing in the metropolitan area of Parma. 116 patients were selected among those who are followed up at least two years at the Asthma outpatient Clinic of Parma University Hospital. The sample in question is therefore closely controlled and monitored; it comes to patients who are well educated on the control of their disease, are able to take appropriate measures to minimize the symptomatology. With this tight approach is proposed to minimize the effect of confounding and then traced with greater certainty the possible cause of the failure to control the disease. For this purpose, each patient was subjected to regular checkups; we took as a reference the period of time between April and October 2015. During each visit, in addition to general data for each patient, we were collected personal information about their habits and way of life through a validated questionnaire delivered and completed by the patient during the visit in the presence of the permanent staff. The questionnaire covers mainly the qualification of the patient, its possible occupational exposure, his home, with information about nearby traffic, time spent outside, physical activity (place and time), exposure to chemicals, exposure to various fumes (fireplace or stove) and cigarette smoke, comorbidities and any drugs taken during the visits considered. Regarding the respiratory conditions of patients during every examination we were considered: Asthma Control Test (a test performed by patients to assess the state of the disease during the month preceding the test), the measurement of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) as an index of airways inflammation, measuring the resistance level of small airways (R5-R20) and some spirometric values observed in experiment; in particular the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1), FEV1/FVC ratio, forced expiratory flow rate over the middle 50% of the FVC (FEF25–75) and FEF25-75/FVC were recorded. The sample has been studied considering both the changes of the respiratory parameters for every patient in their examinations, and the respiratory parameters of all the examinations took as a whole in relation with the variables considered. From the results obtained, the patients are clinically stable; their adopted lifestyle and the exposure to possible sources of outdoor pollution, seems not affect the overall control of their disease. Some findings of our study are of interest. First, the subjects who carry a steroid therapy show a clinical worst, as revealed by the decrease of most spirometric indices, particularly FEF25, FEF75, FEF25-75 and R5-R20; also, the presence of comorbidities and the subsequent intake of other drugs, in addition to normal therapy for asthma, seem to be conditions associated with poorer performance in the functional respiratory parameters in particular FEV1/FVC, FEF75 and FEF25-75. Spirometric indexes that are down are mainly those related to obstruction imposed on small airways; this suggests a neglect to the latter on the contrary should be further explored and treated accordingly. It is also observed that both patients are overweight than those living on the lower floors and/or who have the most windows exposed to traffic, showed a decrease of pulmonary function, especially those relate to an obstruction at the small airways level. In conclusion, our results provided the evidence that a most appropriate therapy, specific to reach the small airways, associated with a healthy lifestyle, can help improve the management of asthma.
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O objetivo principal da pesquisa encetada foi o de ressaltar a importância do discurso de Ellen White, uma importante líder religiosa do século XIX, nos Estados Unidos da América, para a formação de um estilo e prática de vida, que ainda hoje caracteriza os adventistas do sétimo dia no que se refere a saúde. Outro, não menos importante objetivo, foi o de comparar os principais conceitos de Ellen White sobre saúde e estilo de vida com algumas preocupações científicas e acadêmicas contemporâneas. Para isso, este trabalho mostra como a lista de oito remédios naturais propostos por White sumarizam o ideal de uma vida saudável ainda praticada por milhões de adventistas, 100 anos após a morte de sua Profetiza: ar puro, água, alimentação adequada, luz solar, exercícios físicos, repouso, abstinência, e confiança em Deus. Os conselhos de White foram contrastados com várias práticas culturais que relacionam religião e saúde, levando-nos à conclusão que a cultura adventista tem se mostrado como a mais adequada na salvaguarda da saúde. Isto porque White apresentou uma síntese de elementos da cultura judaica, cristã e ocidental. Nesse sentido, as suas orientações garantem-lhe um lugar privilegiado no movimento de reforma da saúde nos Estados Unidos que ocorreu naquele País na segunda metade do século XIX. Muitos de seus conselhos estão sendo atualmente colocados em prática por todos aqueles que se preocupam com a saúde, longevidade, e a adequação do estilo de vida com as regras inspiradas na natureza e numa espiritualidade sadia.
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A presente pesquisa analisa o corpo como parte de um processo de construção social e busca compreender as implicações da relação entre essa construção social do corpo e práticas religiosas evangélicas. Elege as Igrejas Congregação Cristã, Presbiteriana e Renascer em Cristo no bairro de Rudge Ramos, em São Bernardo do Campo, como objeto de investigação dessa questão. Essa relação está envolta em intenções e manifestações corporais que implicam práticas religiosas e os estilos de vida das pessoas que freqüentam as referidas denominações no bairro em questão. O estudo desenvolve um mapeamento das técnicas corporais que significam a maneira como as pessoas se valem dos seus corpos. Na apreciação dos aspectos sociais, culturais e econômicos relacionados ao bairro em questão e às igrejas nele inseridas, procuramos compreender a maneira como essas três tradições evangélicas desenvolvem técnicas corporais diferenciadas. Também, se as pessoas que freqüentam essas igrejas sofrem alguma influência do modelo de corporeidade da sociedade atual que tem como pretensão a busca pela ascensão social e por condições de consumo vinculadas ao corpo.(AU)
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Esta pesquisa busca diagnosticar como ocorre a contratação e a atuação do professor eventual do EF II e EM na rede pública de ensino do estado de São Paulo e se essa forma de contratação e de atuação é a causa da quase inexistência desse professor nessa rede. Parte da hipótese de que a forma de contratação coloca esse professor em situação de lúmpen-professorado e que a pouca procura pelo professor eventual para o desempenho dessa função relaciona-se a esse fato, intimamente ligado ao não reconhecimento da importância de sua atuação, ao caráter contraditório do seu papel e às condições em que se dá seu exercício, levando-o a deixar de procurar esse tipo de atividade. Objetiva-se apresentar, discutir e promover uma reflexão a respeito desses temas e contribuir com estudos sobre o assunto, para uma possível análise e quiçá estruturação de uma política educacional adequada nesse âmbito. A carência de estudos sobre o tema justifica esta pesquisa. A partir da revisão bibliográfica, levantaram-se autores que abordaram o assunto, porém, sob outros pontos de vista. A metodologia abrangeu a leitura da bibliografia básica e complementar, a pesquisa documental (legislação federal e do estado de São Paulo), paralelamente a um estudo de caso e pesquisa qualitativa. Numa contextualização histórica geral, priorizaram-se as mudanças nas relações de trabalho e profissão docente, a construção e desconstrução de direitos adquiridos pelo professor, publicados em legislação específica, e, nesse ínterim, a figura do professor eventual. Abordou-se, então, numa perspectiva teórica, a situação precária da profissão docente e suas consequências, mostrando-se o panorama da deterioração do magistério público. O estudo de caso foi realizado por meio de observação sistemática numa escola estadual da periferia do Grande ABC (SP), além da coleta de depoimentos e/ou entrevistas junto a três professores eventuais, três gestores, um gerente de organização escolar e do secretário adjunto da Secretaria da Educação do estado de São Paulo, no intuito de valorar recortes dos diversos olhares. O estudo encerra-se com a discussão sobre a articulação entre os elementos de pesquisa. Os resultados contemplaram as questões propostas quanto à atuação e à contratação do professor eventual, confirmando assim as hipóteses levantadas para a pesquisa.
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O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de discutir os desafios da formação docente e profissional dos alunos-professores do curso de Especialização em Língua Inglesa (LI), que já atuam como docentes, de uma instituição confessional localizada na região do ABC, na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo. Para tanto, discute os desafios relacionados à profissão enfrentados por eles em escolas regulares do ensino público e privadas, em cursos livres, bem como em aulas particulares, com a intenção de refletir sobre sua atuação profissional e acadêmica. Foram utilizados autores que refletem sobre o tema como Maria Antonieta Alba Celani, Antonio Nóvoa, Maurice Tardif, Francisco Imbernón, entre outros. A primeira etapa foi realizada por meio de um questionário com questões abertas com catorze participantes. Analisadas as respostas, aplicamos novo questionário com o intuito de aprofundar os aspectos observados inicialmente. Os dados deste estudo foram analisados por meio das referências da análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin e Maria Laura Puglisi Barbosa Franco. Os resultados indicaram que a procura pelo curso de Especialização em LI se deu pela necessidade de maior embasamento teórico na área. A maioria dos alunos-professores iniciou a carreira docente como ex-alunos nas escolas de idiomas onde estudavam. Os sujeitos também descreveram como grandes desafios e dificuldades da profissão ter de lidar com diferentes materiais didáticos, públicos, faixa etária, metodologias além da falta de interesse de alunos, a instabilidade de emprego, o pouco reconhecimento da profissão e a baixa renda. Em seus relatos, após a conclusão do curso de Especialização em LI, foi possível perceber que todos os docentes valorizaram significantemente o curso. Apesar de não se sentirem satisfeitos com o cenário atual, quase todos os docentes querem seguir na profissão e afirmam ainda na continuidade dos estudos na área de Língua Inglesa.