999 resultados para Pobreza - Controle Social
Resumo:
The social participation in Brazil takes a new impetus with the (re)democratization process of the Brazilian society and is strengthened by the resurgence of the civil society and the 1988 Constitution. In this context, the study is conducted with the scope to verify the effectiveness of deliberative Municipal Health Council of Mossoro (CMSM), with theoretical and methodological support based on the following models: the participatory normativity, which measures the degree of institutionalization, democratization and council representation; and the effectiveness of deliberative that, from the calling capacity and agenda of the participants, from the kinds of manifestation, from the decisions and the council’s office, that measures the degree of effectiveness of the deliberative council. It appears, thus, that the council has an average degree of effectiveness deliberative, standing out as means an institution that practice, despite the existence of obstacles and challenges, the role of control over municipal health policies, due, among other factors, the conservative political context, the asymmetry of resources between the counselors, the little substantive participation of the actors who attend its meetings, either counselor or not, and in particular, the reduced influence of the members in its decision-making process. In public management of Mossoro, social participation, especially social control over public actions, face, today, great number of difficulties to be held. The study recognizes that, in such circumstances, the council partially fulfills the role for which it was created, what does not impede, however, be characterized as an important deliberative space, since it allows the participation of representatives of the various segments of the state, society, their demands and intentions. Overcoming such obstacles moves through the interest of civil society to wake up and fight for the spaces in these institutions.
Resumo:
The health paradigm, consolidated in the last century, directed the training of health professionals, educated under the aegis of the Flexnerian training, fragmentary and hospital-centered model. However, it proved to be insufficient to meet the demands of the Unified Health System and the population. In this sense, the National Curriculum Guidelines for Undergraduate health courses emerge as a normative framework in proposing a new professional profile, as well as the recommendation of strategies for the restructuring of curricula and teaching practices, and one of them is the teaching-service integration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the process of training of Physiotherapy course students of the Federal University of Paraíba with the guiding principle of teaching-service integration, considering DCN. In this sense, the chosen method was a case study with qualitative approach. The sample was intentional, including all faculty members of the permanent staff of the Department of Physiotherapy at UFPB, linked to curriculum components whose practice scenarios occur in the SUS network and time longer than one year in that component. The data collection technique was the semi-structured interview. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis technique. The following categories were considered: professional training for SUS, integration of students to the SUS network services, the relationship between theory and practice in the training of physiotherapists, teaching and health professional partnership in the teaching-learning process and programs of training reorientation and their integration with the course. The results allowed identifying positive points in the teaching-service integration: recognition of the importance of integration activities between university and health services based on the insertion of students in the network, the combined actuation with health service professionals and the opportunity to work in a multidisciplinary team; the existence of structured and organized School Network; participation of students and teachers in government programs that offer the experience of insertion in the labor market. The following weaknesses stood out: difficulties in agreement, planning and evaluation of activities by the service; gap between theoretical and practical activities; lack of definition of roles of teacher and health service professionals in the training process and the fragile relationship of reorientation of vocational training programs with the curricular activities of the course. The teaching-service integration as a guiding principle in the analysis of the formation of physiotherapists reveals limits and possibilities for training that meets the health needs of the population. Thus, the choices of educational institutions regarding the care model have an influence on health practices, as well as the commitment by management and services and the permeability to social control instances decisively contribute to the improvement in the training of future professionals. Thus, the commitment of all involved for the effective change in the training process of health paradigm is indispensable.
Resumo:
The health paradigm, consolidated in the last century, directed the training of health professionals, educated under the aegis of the Flexnerian training, fragmentary and hospital-centered model. However, it proved to be insufficient to meet the demands of the Unified Health System and the population. In this sense, the National Curriculum Guidelines for Undergraduate health courses emerge as a normative framework in proposing a new professional profile, as well as the recommendation of strategies for the restructuring of curricula and teaching practices, and one of them is the teaching-service integration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the process of training of Physiotherapy course students of the Federal University of Paraíba with the guiding principle of teaching-service integration, considering DCN. In this sense, the chosen method was a case study with qualitative approach. The sample was intentional, including all faculty members of the permanent staff of the Department of Physiotherapy at UFPB, linked to curriculum components whose practice scenarios occur in the SUS network and time longer than one year in that component. The data collection technique was the semi-structured interview. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis technique. The following categories were considered: professional training for SUS, integration of students to the SUS network services, the relationship between theory and practice in the training of physiotherapists, teaching and health professional partnership in the teaching-learning process and programs of training reorientation and their integration with the course. The results allowed identifying positive points in the teaching-service integration: recognition of the importance of integration activities between university and health services based on the insertion of students in the network, the combined actuation with health service professionals and the opportunity to work in a multidisciplinary team; the existence of structured and organized School Network; participation of students and teachers in government programs that offer the experience of insertion in the labor market. The following weaknesses stood out: difficulties in agreement, planning and evaluation of activities by the service; gap between theoretical and practical activities; lack of definition of roles of teacher and health service professionals in the training process and the fragile relationship of reorientation of vocational training programs with the curricular activities of the course. The teaching-service integration as a guiding principle in the analysis of the formation of physiotherapists reveals limits and possibilities for training that meets the health needs of the population. Thus, the choices of educational institutions regarding the care model have an influence on health practices, as well as the commitment by management and services and the permeability to social control instances decisively contribute to the improvement in the training of future professionals. Thus, the commitment of all involved for the effective change in the training process of health paradigm is indispensable.
Resumo:
This thesis investigates the historical influence of the criminal policy in the context that shapes the first specific law for children and adolescents in Brazil, the 1927 Children's Code, a standard that inaugurates the conceptual scission between children and "minor" and their different treatment by the State. The study addresses the demand for order in the context of changes in the working world in the transition from the slave system to the capitalist mode of production, and the corresponding disciplinary and punitive control mechanisms directed to the segment of childhood and adolescence. The theoretical route proposes a questioning of the political construction of law and justice, as well as the conformation of the punitive techniques, and the construction of the stereotype of the "delinquent", prime target of the criminal policy, focusing on the process of criminalization of the segment in question through the confrontation of the Critical perspective with the approaches of Classical and Positive schools. This research shows the imposition of a bourgeois morality that obscures the social conflict attributing it to people isolated by the criminalization of their conduct; and points out that the historical forms of selective social control were greatly influenced by psychiatry and psychology, either by the elaboration of the image of the "delinquent" or by the expected performance of custodial institutions. Finally, the developments and the permanence of the historical roots of the criminal policy are problematized, relating them to the difficulties currently encountered in the consolidation of the legal garantism paradigm proposed by the Children and Adolescent Statute.
Resumo:
This thesis investigates the historical influence of the criminal policy in the context that shapes the first specific law for children and adolescents in Brazil, the 1927 Children's Code, a standard that inaugurates the conceptual scission between children and "minor" and their different treatment by the State. The study addresses the demand for order in the context of changes in the working world in the transition from the slave system to the capitalist mode of production, and the corresponding disciplinary and punitive control mechanisms directed to the segment of childhood and adolescence. The theoretical route proposes a questioning of the political construction of law and justice, as well as the conformation of the punitive techniques, and the construction of the stereotype of the "delinquent", prime target of the criminal policy, focusing on the process of criminalization of the segment in question through the confrontation of the Critical perspective with the approaches of Classical and Positive schools. This research shows the imposition of a bourgeois morality that obscures the social conflict attributing it to people isolated by the criminalization of their conduct; and points out that the historical forms of selective social control were greatly influenced by psychiatry and psychology, either by the elaboration of the image of the "delinquent" or by the expected performance of custodial institutions. Finally, the developments and the permanence of the historical roots of the criminal policy are problematized, relating them to the difficulties currently encountered in the consolidation of the legal garantism paradigm proposed by the Children and Adolescent Statute.
Resumo:
A Saúde do Trabalhador (ST) refere-se a um campo do saber que compreende as relações entre o trabalho e o processo saúde/doença de modo articulado a um corpo de práticas teóricas interdisciplinares. No contexto das possibilidades para se efetivar a ST na amplitude que exige este conceito, diferentes iniciativas de Educação Popular em Saúde se articulam com demandas do Controle Social em Saúde, permitindo novas abordagens para configurar a formação crítica e ativa de trabalhadores de saúde e movimentos sociais no mosaico das políticas de ST. Nessa direção, os projetos de extensão universitária orientados pela Educação Popular têm desvelado caminhos metodológicos e novas possibilidades teóricas de pensar a Atenção à Saúde do Trabalhador, de forma articulada com a necessidade de re-significar o processo de formação dos profissionais da saúde, com ênfase no cuidado integral na atenção à saúde. O estudo promovido por ocasião do Doutoramento em Ciências da Saúde propiciou a avaliação do impacto e da potência das ações destes projetos na reorientação do cuidado guiado pela educação popular no campo da saúde do trabalhador. A sistematização foi utilizada como principal estratégia metodológica para a produção dos dados analisados, além de estratégias de pesquisa qualitativa como constituintes da fase exploratória do estudo, tendo como técnica central, nesse sentido, o grupo focal. Os resultados mostraram mudanças significativas no processo do cuidar em saúde guiado pela educação popular, A reorientação de práticas e saberes, coadunadas aos princípios fundamentais do Sistema Único de Saúde, foi observada nos sujeitos que participaram da experiência. A sistematização da experiência permitiu ainda concluir que estratégias de diálogo, organização político-social e troca de experiências de vida se apresentam como cenário significativo no compartilhamento de cultura e saúde do trabalhador, oportunizando crescimento coletivo e melhor qualidade de vida.
Resumo:
La reestructuración neoliberal de las funciones del estado argentino a partir de la década del noventa hasta la actualidad, ha puesto en evidencia que el discurso que presentaba a la "crisis" como una cuestión coyuntural fruto de los desequilibrios macroeconómicos, ha sido superado por la realidad que muestra descarnadamente una "crisis de desigualdad" inherente a la estructura misma del sistema económico que necesita como supuestos básicos la siguiente polarización: concentración de la riqueza y expansión de la pobreza extrema. Las respuestas neoliberales a esta crisis se han centrado en dos tipos de políticas sociales focalizadas: una para los "pobres" y otra para los "extremadamente pobres". Estas últimas han sido implementadas, entre otras, a través de programas de mejoramiento del medio ambiente en los barrios más desfavorecidos o también, por programas urgentes de empleo para el mantenimiento de la infraestructura pública y en el mejor de los casos programas de micro emprendimientos productivos. Una combinación de estas tres estrategias es la actual propuesta elaborada en San Luis que se denomina "Plan de Inclusión Social". Este Plan ha incorporado cerca de 40.000 desocupados de la provincia y ha "redefinido" algunos conceptos tales como trabajo, pobreza , inclusión social, que le dan un marco particular acorde a la política del gobierno provincial. Ahora bien: ¿Es posible hablar de la categoría trabajo para describir el beneficio que otorga un plan social? Este sería el interrogante clave que permitiría analizar sus múltiples dimensiones
Resumo:
La reestructuración neoliberal de las funciones del estado argentino a partir de la década del noventa hasta la actualidad, ha puesto en evidencia que el discurso que presentaba a la "crisis" como una cuestión coyuntural fruto de los desequilibrios macroeconómicos, ha sido superado por la realidad que muestra descarnadamente una "crisis de desigualdad" inherente a la estructura misma del sistema económico que necesita como supuestos básicos la siguiente polarización: concentración de la riqueza y expansión de la pobreza extrema. Las respuestas neoliberales a esta crisis se han centrado en dos tipos de políticas sociales focalizadas: una para los "pobres" y otra para los "extremadamente pobres". Estas últimas han sido implementadas, entre otras, a través de programas de mejoramiento del medio ambiente en los barrios más desfavorecidos o también, por programas urgentes de empleo para el mantenimiento de la infraestructura pública y en el mejor de los casos programas de micro emprendimientos productivos. Una combinación de estas tres estrategias es la actual propuesta elaborada en San Luis que se denomina "Plan de Inclusión Social". Este Plan ha incorporado cerca de 40.000 desocupados de la provincia y ha "redefinido" algunos conceptos tales como trabajo, pobreza , inclusión social, que le dan un marco particular acorde a la política del gobierno provincial. Ahora bien: ¿Es posible hablar de la categoría trabajo para describir el beneficio que otorga un plan social? Este sería el interrogante clave que permitiría analizar sus múltiples dimensiones
Resumo:
La reestructuración neoliberal de las funciones del estado argentino a partir de la década del noventa hasta la actualidad, ha puesto en evidencia que el discurso que presentaba a la "crisis" como una cuestión coyuntural fruto de los desequilibrios macroeconómicos, ha sido superado por la realidad que muestra descarnadamente una "crisis de desigualdad" inherente a la estructura misma del sistema económico que necesita como supuestos básicos la siguiente polarización: concentración de la riqueza y expansión de la pobreza extrema. Las respuestas neoliberales a esta crisis se han centrado en dos tipos de políticas sociales focalizadas: una para los "pobres" y otra para los "extremadamente pobres". Estas últimas han sido implementadas, entre otras, a través de programas de mejoramiento del medio ambiente en los barrios más desfavorecidos o también, por programas urgentes de empleo para el mantenimiento de la infraestructura pública y en el mejor de los casos programas de micro emprendimientos productivos. Una combinación de estas tres estrategias es la actual propuesta elaborada en San Luis que se denomina "Plan de Inclusión Social". Este Plan ha incorporado cerca de 40.000 desocupados de la provincia y ha "redefinido" algunos conceptos tales como trabajo, pobreza , inclusión social, que le dan un marco particular acorde a la política del gobierno provincial. Ahora bien: ¿Es posible hablar de la categoría trabajo para describir el beneficio que otorga un plan social? Este sería el interrogante clave que permitiría analizar sus múltiples dimensiones
Resumo:
El objetivo de este trabajo es construir un índice de vulnerabilidad para la población de Medellín en situación de discapacidad en el 2008, con el fin de determinar los aspectos que disminuyen las oportunidades de hacer uso de sus activos materiales e inmateriales, deteriorando por ende la calidad de vida de esta población.
Resumo:
O Direito à informação é uma necessidade do ser humano na busca pelo entendimento do espaço informacional em que vive. No contexto político, trata-se da obrigação dos gestores públicos de informar à sociedade sobre questões que interessam e envolvem a todos, visando à participação do cidadão no controle social das ações do Estado. Momentos políticos diversos ligados a regimes repressivos exerceram forte influência no impedimento deste direito fundamental, estabelecendo-se na administração pública a chamada cultura do sigilo. Acompanhando uma tendência mundial de construção social do acesso à informação pública e atendendo a um clamor social, foi implementada no Brasil a Lei 12.527/11, Lei de Acesso à Informação Pública. Nesta conjuntura, essa pesquisa objetiva analisar a aplicação dessa legislação em uma instituição federal de educação técnica e tecnológica de Minas Gerais, buscando elementos que permitam avaliar os desafios e impactos deste marco legal nesta instituição. Para tanto, são identificados elementos políticos e históricos referentes ao contexto informacional nos órgãos públicos brasileiros, sendo ainda abordados os temas cultura organizacional, gestão da informação e do conhecimento nas organizações públicas brasileiras. Utilizou-se a metodologia do estudo de caso, por meio de entrevistas, análise bibliográfica e documental, para coleta das informações referentes ao acesso a informações no ambiente pesquisado, com uma abordagem qualitativa na análise e interpretação dos dados. O resultado da pesquisa mostrou que os impactos e desafios para a efetiva implementação da LAI no órgão pesquisado estão estreitamente ligados às limitações da própria instituição em relação, principalmente, à sua cultura organizacional e à gestão da informação.
Resumo:
Mestrado em Contabilidade e Gestão de Instituições Financeiras
Resumo:
Dissertação de Mestrado, Ciências Sociais, 30 de Setembro de 2016, Universidade dos Açores.
Resumo:
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, Mestrado Profissional em Administração, 2015.
Resumo:
El Garantismo como elemento necesario para la conservación y defensa de los Derechos Sociales desde la mirada de Luigi Ferrajoli, pretende recuperar los Derechos Sociales que resultan vulnerados ante influencia de la Globalización, que provoca pobreza, marginación social y desigualdad. Es por ello la importancia de nuestros objetivos de estudio. Objetivos: Analizar los elementos básicos del modelo garantista de Luigi Ferrajoli, como una alternativa frente a las violaciones de los Derechos Sociales en el actual Estado Constitucional de Derecho. Y evaluar si en El Salvador las normas Constitucionales y demás Leyes Secundarias limitan las políticas liberales de la Globalización ante las violaciones de derechos Sociales que estas producen. Metodología: En la investigación se utilizara el enfoque cualitativo. El método cualitativo hace referencia a un grupo de métodos de investigación de base lingüístico- semiótica. El diseño de la investigación cualitativa es probablemente el más flexible de todas las técnicas experimentales, ya que abarca una variedad de métodos y estructuras aceptadas. Ya sea un estudio de caso individual o una amplia entrevista, este tipo de estudio debe ser llevado a cabo y diseñado con cuidado, aunque no existe ninguna estructura estandarizada. En la investigación se harán entrevistas, al Procurador de los Derechos Humanos, subdirector FESPAD, Directora de Gobernabilidad y a un Docente Constitucionalista. Resultados Esperados: Delimitar si la violación de los Derecho Sociales es un efecto del absolutismo de los grandes poderes económicos. Establecer si las políticas de libre mercado influyen en la Jerarquización de los Derechos Sociales situándolos en un segundo plano ante intereses meramente económicos. Y Conocer a profundidad si las leyes que tutelan o garantizan derechos sociales en nuestro país no se adecuan a la realidad de nuestra sociedad, generando claras violación a Derechos Sociales.