Text and Intensification of Its Impact in Chishti Samā`

In my master’s thesis I analyse mystical Islamic poetry in ritualistic performance context, samā` , focusing on the poetry used by the Chishti Sufis. The work is based on both literary sources and ethnographic material collected in India. The central textual source is Surūd-i Rūhānī, a compilation of mystical poetry. Textual sources, however, can be understood properly only in relation to the living performance context and therefore I also utilise interviews of Sufis and performers of mystical music and recordings of samā` assemblies along with texts. First part of the thesis concentrates on thematic overview of the poems and the process of selecting a suitable text for performance. The poems are written in three languages, viz. in Persian, Urdu and Hindi. Among the authors are both Sufis and non-Sufis. The poems, mystical and non-mystical alike, share the same poetic images and they acquire a mystical meaning when they are set to qawwali music and performed in samā` assemblies. My work includes several translations of verses not previously translated. Latter part of the thesis analyses the musical idiom of qawwali and the ways in which the impact of text on listeners is intensified in performance. Typically the intensification is accomplished in the level of a single poem through three different techniques: using introductory verses, inserting verses between the verses of the main poem and repeating individual units of text. The former two techniques are tied to creating a mystical state in the listeners while the latter aims at sustaining it. It is customary that a listener enraptured by mystical experience offers a monetary contribution to the performers. Thus, intensification of the text’s impact aims at enabling the listeners to experience mystical states.

Elämää syövän kanssa : Narratiivinen tutkimus henkisen ja hengellisen tuen merkityksestä syöpää sairastavalle

Cancer diseases are considered to be relatively common among the Finnish population, every fourth Finn has been affected by cancer in their lifetime. Around 24,000 new cases of cancer are diagnosed each year in Finland. According to the estimations, about half of all diseased will recover. This research examines cancer patients experiences and needs for mental and spiritual support. This paper answers questions what kind of support cancer patients were given after the diagnosis and how did they felt about it. My research was conducted by thematic interviews (N=7) with cancer patients and letters (N=13). To analyze I used narrative holistic-content analysis and holistic analysis of form. Narrative holistic-content analysis consists of reading the material and writing down common points, themes and deflections. By using holistic analysis of form, I observed changes and turning points in one s story of life. Then I could graphically show the emotional changes in the cancer patients life. By rereading the material, examining and comparing it, I was able to build different categories. After defining these categories (Longing, Supported, Individualists, Believers) I reread the interviews in terms of which category it belonged to. I chose one story from each category to represent the whole group. This so-called central story was complemented by other stories from the same group. Analysis enables to define a type story from each group, they were examples of the various ways of reacting about support that they were giving or not having the support that were needed. The stories reflect the participants feelings about support they were given but some cases feeling rejected.

Finnish Business Repatriates' Coping Strategies

This thesis explores Finnish business repatriates’ coping strategies. Managing repatriation has been recognized as a demanding task for companies and an important issue in international human resource management. However, we still know relatively little about how repatriates respond to the demands of the return. This thesis addresses this problem by applying a process approach to coping with repatriation. The focus is on identifying repatriates’ coping strategies and the various forms of them. This study also aims to investigate what might influence the use of repatriates’ coping strategies and forms of coping. The background of this doctoral study is provided by earlier research that identified factors influencing repatriates’ adjustment, either positively or negatively. The empirical material of this doctoral thesis comprises twenty-two Phase I semi-structured interviews and ten Phase II follow-up interviews conducted for the purposes of verification. The main findings of the study are formulated as propositions. For instance, it was suggested that repatriates are likely to use different forms of problem-focused strategy more often than various forms of emotion-focused strategy. Moreover, they also are likely to use a larger range of problem-focused strategies than emotion-focused strategies. In addition, in contrast to specialists, repatriates occupying managerial positions are likely to use a greater number and a greater variety of different forms of problem-focused strategy than of emotion-focused strategy, especially in the context of preparing for their return and in different work role changes. This thesis contributes to research on repatriation, expatriation, coping and identifies implications for management.

Que mulher é essa?: identidade, política e saúde no movimento de travestis e transexuais

O objeto desta dissertação é explorar os discursos militantes relativos à diferenciação entre as identidades coletivas de travestis e transexuais no âmbito do movimento de travestis e transexuais brasileiro e sua repercussão nas demandas e proposições de políticas públicas de saúde, mais especificamente no que tange às transformações corporais. Realizei entrevistas semi-estruturadas com ativistas reconhecidas como lideranças desse movimento, tendo como principais eixos: trajetória militante, diferenciação entre travestis e transexuais, organização do movimento, agenda política, transformações corporais e demandas relativas à saúde. Além disso, realizei etnografias em encontros gerais do movimento LGBT, assim como nos específicos de travestis e transexuais, com destaque para o XVI e XVII Encontro Nacional de Travestis e Transexuais (ENTLAIDS), realizados no Rio de Janeiro em 2009 e em Aracaju em 2010; a V Conferência Regional para América Latina e Caribe da ILGA (International Lesbian and Gay Association), realizada em Curitiba em 2009; e a I Marcha Nacional Contra a Homofobia, realizada em 19 de maio de 2010 em Brasília. A partir dos resultados das entrevistas e das etnografias, busco construir um histórico do movimento de travestis e transexuais no Brasil, no qual é possível localizar a emergência das categorias identitárias e seus conflitos. Assim, minha investigação passa pela análise da relação com categorias estigmatizantes como a prostituição e, especialmente, das capacidades de incorporação ou de apropriação de discursos médicos e psiquiátricos na construção de identidades, o que inclui a influência de fatores de classe e de acesso a serviços de saúde especializados, notoriamente o processo transexualizador no SUS. A análise das principais demandas do movimento me levou a uma relação entre políticas de reconhecimento e processos de purificação. Por fim, busco compreender o processo de construção de uma carreira militante no movimento de travestis e transexuais.

Serviços de interesse geral e coesão territorial: o caso da saúde

De uma forma simples, esta é uma tese que associa a dimensão territorial à formulação de políticas públicas no âmbito dos Serviços de Interesse Geral, expressão atualmente utilizada no seio da Comissão Europeia em substituição do termo Serviços Públicos. O ponto de partida é o de que, particularmente nas últimas duas décadas, estes serviços tiveram de se adaptar a um mundo em mudança, quer ao nível das tendências políticas, quer do ponto de vista dos constrangimentos financeiros. A decisão sobre a afetação e distribuição de recursos tem, por isso, obtido uma atenção crescente no domínio das políticas públicas. Contudo, as decisões sobre a natureza, a abrangência e a distribuição dos recursos a prestar são complexas, envolvendo, não só critérios técnicos, mas também julgamentos de valor e a criação de consensos políticos. Esta questão é ainda mais premente numa conjuntura, por um lado, de contenção de gastos, no qual a procura de eficiência ganha maior preponderância, e, por outro, de incremento das próprias expectativas dos cidadãos, em que a ideia de equidade é valorada. Atendendo a este contexto, é natural que em diversos processos de tomada de decisão haja alguma tensão entre estes dois princípios, questionando-se sobre quanto é que se deve sacrificar da equidade a favor da eficiência e vice-versa. A presente investigação filia nestas inquietações. O argumento subjacente é o de que o princípio de Coesão Territorial, enquanto novo paradigma de desenvolvimento do território europeu e um dos mais recentes objetivos políticos da Comissão e dos estados-membros, contribui para ajudar a ponderar a relação equidade/eficiência em processos de decisão política sobre provisão de Serviços de Interesse Geral. A linha condutora de investigação centra-se na saúde (em geral) e nos cuidados de saúde (em particular) como exemplo de um serviço que, dada a sua importância na sociedade, justifica uma atenção especial das políticas públicas, mas que tem sido alvo de debate político e académico e de reorganização da sua estrutura na tentativa de diminuição dos custos associados, com repercussões do ponto de vista territorial. A esta questão acresce o facto de que pouco se conhece sobre quais os princípios e os critérios que estão na base de decisões políticas no campo da saúde e qual o papel que o território aqui ocupa. Para compreender se e como a dimensão territorial é considerada na formulação de políticas de saúde, bem como de que forma a adoção do princípio de coesão territorial na formulação de políticas públicas introduz um outro tipo de racionalidade aos processos de tomada de decisão, optou-se por uma metodologia de abordagem essencialmente qualitativa, baseada i) na realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas conduzidas presencialmente a atores-chave da esfera da decisão pública, ii) na análise dos principais instrumentos programáticos das políticas de saúde e iii) na análise de dois estudos de caso (sub-regiões do Baixo Vouga e da Beira Interior Sul). Os resultados alcançados permitem, por um lado, compreender, discutir e clarificar os processos de tomada de decisão em saúde, por outro, justificar o propósito da adoção do princípio de Coesão Territorial na formulação de políticas e, por fim, avançar com linhas de investigação futura sobre Serviços de Interesse Geral e Coesão Territorial.

A criança invisual é tão apta à aprendizagem como as restantes

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de mestre em Ensino do 1.º e 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

Violences en famille : quelles réponses institutionnelles ?

Si la famille est en général synonyme d'intimité et de relations de confiance, elle peut également être un lieu d'abus, de contrôle ou de violences. Les diverses formes de violences qui se déroulent dans la sphère privée ont été dénoncées dès les années 1970 par les mouvements féministes. Elles ont alors fait l'objet d'une variété de politiques et d'actions publiques ayant pour vocation de défendre et d'accompagner les victimes, de punir et soigner les agresseurs ou de rétablir des liens familiaux distendus. En s'attachant à la façon dont ces violences ont été définies dans des contextes différents, en Europe, en Amérique du Nord et en Amérique latine, cet article a pour ambition de donner à voir les perspectives variées que recouvrent des catégories d'action publique aussi diverses que violences conjugales, violences domestiques, violences intrafamiliales ou encore féminicides ou fémicides, et les conséquences que ces différentes visions du problème ont sur sa prise en charge. Largement influencé par les études genre et la sociologie des problèmes publics, cet article, notamment à travers la présentation des contributions qui composent ce numéro de la revue Enfances Familles Générations, entend questionner les notions de violences de genre dans le cadre familial, dont les frontières sont fluctuantes et investies de façon variée, ainsi que les formes d'institutionnalisation du problème et les solutions qui sont envisagées.

L’étude des questions environnementales pour la consolidation de la paix : une approche intégrative et participative de la sécurité.

Comment concevoir la sécurité et le conflit violent d’aujourd’hui ? Cette étude traite de la pertinence de l’étude des questions environnementales au champ de la gouvernance de la sécurité dans le cadre de la consolidation de la paix. Ainsi, nous cherchons à décrire les liens entre les enjeux environnementaux, la sécurité et le conflit violent, à étudier le potentiel des projets environnementaux pour la gouvernance de la sécurité, de présenter les recommandations pour améliorer la durabilité de ces interventions, tout en considérant la question des écophilosophies. Nous avons opté pour des données de type qualitatif, soit sept entrevues semi-directives réalisées avec des professionnels du domaine des opérations de paix, quatre webémissions et neuf documents écrits. Toutes ont été traitées selon les directives de la théorie ancrée. Notre analyse démontre une interdépendance entre la détérioration environnementale, la sécurité et la dynamique des conflits armés. À l’instar de cette interaction, la « coopération environnementale » et la gestion des ressources naturelles serviraient à établir un dialogue entre les belligérants dans un objectif de bâtir la confiance, mais aussi à promouvoir le développement durable. La participation citoyenne constituerait un facteur incontournable pour développer la résilience des populations et des institutions face aux changements environnementaux et sociaux rapides et par conséquent favoriserait une sécurité humaine plus stable. Or, les réformes de gouvernance de la sécurité demandent une plus grande intégration de la population. Pour conclure, nous avons produit un modèle d’intégration des questions environnementales dans le but d’améliorer la gouvernance de la sécurité dans le cadre de consolidation de la paix en milieux postconflits. Sous forme de six énoncés pratiques, nous expliquons l’importance d’imbriquer les concepts de sécurité humaine et environnementale, d’exploiter les opportunités que présentent les situations d’interdépendances, de considérer davantage les interventions locales, d’adopter une approche participative, d’utiliser la coopération environnementale et de privilégier les approches stratégiques amenant à des solutions gagnantes pour tous.

Connectivitat biològica entre els espais oberts a l’espai natural de les Guilleries

L’objectiu principal d’aquest projecte és establir les propostes de gestió necessàries per tal de poder preservar els espais oberts a la zona de Sant Sadurní d’Osormort (Guilleries), i poder ho fer extensible a altres zones de Catalunya i d’Europa. Per dur a terme l’ estudi utilitzen com indicador els lepidòpters ropalòcers de zones obertes . Aquest projecte proposa millores en la gestió del territori d’estudi, per tal d’aconseguir una millora en l’ecosistema i una millor connectivitat biològica

Comunicació científica, versió 2.0

Breu explicació de la Nit de la Recerca i la II Fira de Mostres de Recerca, dues activitats dins el concepte de comunicació científica 2.0 organitzades per la UdG durant el 2007

Enhancing learning beyond the classroom: blogging and other social networking tools

Blogging has become one of the key ingredients of the so-called socials networks. This phenomenon has indeed invaded the world of education. Connections between people, comments on each other posts, and assessment of innovation are usually interesting characteristics of blogs related to students and scholars. Blogs have become a kind of new form of authority, bringing about (divergent) discussions which lead to creation of knowledge. The use of blogs as an innovative, educational tool is not at all new. However, their use in universities is not very widespread yet. Blogging for personal affairs is rather commonplace, but blogging for professional affairs – teaching, research and service, is scarce, despite the availability of ready-to-use, free tools. Unfortunately, Information Society has not reached yet enough some universities: not only are (student) blogs scarcely used as an educational tool, but it is quite rare to find a blog written by University professors. The Institute of Computational Chemistry of the University of Girona and the Department of Chemistry of the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona has joined forces to create “InnoCiència”, a new Group on Digital Science Communitation. This group, formed by ca. ten researchers, has promoted the use of blogs, twitters. wikis and other tools of Web 2.0 in activities in Catalonia concerning the dissemination of Science, like Science Week, Open Day or Researchers’ Night. Likewise, its members promote use of social networking tools in chemistry- and communication-related courses. This communication explains the outcome of social-network experiences with teaching undergraduate students and organizing research communication events. We provide live, hands-on examples and interactive ground to show how blogs and twitters can be used to enhance the yield of teaching and research. Impact of blogging and other social networking tools on the outcome of the learning process is very depending on the target audience and the environmental conditions. A few examples are provided and some proposals to use these techniques efficiently to help students are hinted

Public and student awareness science: recreational science as a catalyst

When discussing the traditional and new missions of higher education (1996 Report to UNESCO of the International Commission on Education for the 21st Century) Jacques Delors stated that "Excessive attraction to social sciences has broken equilibrium of available graduates for workforce, thus causing doubts of graduates and employers on the quality of knowledge provided by higher education". Likewise, when discussing the progress of science and technology, the 1998 UNESCO World Conference on Higher Education concluded that "Another challenge concerts the latest advancements of Science, the sine qua non of sustainable development"; and that “with Information Technology, the unavoidable invasion of virtual reality has increased the distance between industrial and developing countries". Recreational Science has a long tradition all over the Educational World; it aims to show the basic aspects of Science, aims to entertain, and aims to induce thinking. Until a few years ago, this field of knowledge consisted of a few books, a few kits and other classical (yet innovative) ways to popularize the knowledge of Nature and the laws governing it. In Spain, the interest for recreational science has increased in the last years. First, new recreational books are being published and found in bookstores. Second the number of Science-related museums and exhibits is increasing. And third, new television shows are produced and new short science-based, superficial sketches are found in variety programs. However, actual programs in Spanish television dealing seriously with Science are scarce. Recreational Science, especially that related to physical phenomena like light or motion, is generally found at Science Museums because special equipment is required. On the contrary, Science related mathematics, quizzes and puzzles use to gather into books, e.g. the extensive collections by Martin Gardner. However, lately Science podcasts have entered the field of science communication. Not only traditional science journals and television channels are providing audio and video podcasts, but new websites deal exclusively with science podcasts, in particular on Recreational Science. In this communication we discuss the above mentioned trends and show our experience in the last two years in participating at Science Fairs and university-sponsored events to attract students to science and technology careers. We show a combination of real examples (e.g., mathemagic), imagination, use of information technology, and use of social networks. We present as well an experience on designing a computational, interactive tool to promote chemistry among high school, prospective students using computers ("Dancing with Bionanomolecules"). Like the concepts related to Web 2.0, it has been already proposed that a new framework for communication of science is emerging, i.e., Science Communication 2.0, where people and institutions develop new innovative ways to explain science topics to diverse publics – and where Recreational Science is likely to play a leading role

La Relació intercultural: la formació dels estudiants d'infermeria

Les migracions internacionals de les últimes dècades han generat una gran transformació social, tant a nivell global com local. Les societats del segle XXI són multiculturals, cosmopolites i diverses però també desiguals, generen segregació, exclusió social i neguen qualsevol alteritat i el reconeixement de “l’altre”. La societat multicultural és una realitat que hem de definir en tots els seus àmbits, principalment en el polític, i també com es concreta en la vida quotidiana. Una de les qüestions fonamentals de la Universitat és la implicació i articulació dels seus estudis amb la societat. La Universitat, centre vital de la producció de sabers i coneixements, ha d’avançar en paral·lel a la societat però també ha ser capaç de preparar als seus estudiants perquè puguin transformar-la. Totes les institucions han d’involucrar-se i en aquest sentit la Universitat juga un paper preponderant en la formació de ciutadans i ciutadanes. La pràctica infermera es basa en l’exercici de cuidar. L’acció de cuidar és una constant universal amb models o patrons particulars, actualment, en interacció. En l’exercici de la professió infermera, en la relació que establim amb les persones d’orígens culturals diversos, la situació de partida és habitualment de distància y diferenciació entre “nosaltres” i els “altres”. Establim la comunicació a partir dels nostres codis culturals i de les imatges preconstruides de “l’altre”, actuant amb desconfiança i fent en moltes ocasions una interpretació errònia. Els estudis universitaris d’Infermeria tenen com objectiu formar a professionals capaços de proporcionar cures holístiques a les persones i a la comunitat. Les Escoles d’Infermeria, entre altres competències, han de formar als seus estudiants perquè siguin capaços de conèixer la diversitat del nostre entorn social, analitzar els principals problemes socio-culturals que s’articulen en ella, integrar valors i actituds positives cap a la diferència i adoptar la pluralitat como forma de convivència i enriquiment personal

Una Universitat investigadora a Europa

El Pla estratègic de la Universitat de Girona 2008-2013, aprovat el maig del 2008, és el full de ruta que la UdG ha obtingut del navegador universitari que fa servir diversos satèl·lits, com són el nou marc del procés de Bolonya i les diferents estratègies marcades per les administracions relacionades amb l’educació superior, com el Pacte nacional per a la recerca i la innovació, el Llibre blanc de l’ACUP o l’Estratègia Universitat 2015