693 resultados para POLITICA PUBLICA - BOGOTA (COLOMBIA) - 2004-2007


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La Enfermedad de Chagas es una enfermedad parasitaria crónica causada por Tripanosoma Cruzi. Su Prevalencia estimada es de 1.448% y casos nuevos anuales 41.200 en países endémicos. 1 Prevalencia nacional de 35 por cada 1.000 niños menores de 15 años. 2-3 Prevalencia en el Departamento de 0.58% para 2006 en 9 municipios estudiados, cifra menor a la estimación de 1999 de 16.66% en población escolarizada. A partir de 2002 el Instituto Nacional de Salud disponible Benzonidazol un tratamiento para atención de casos que lo requieran. por tal razón, se requiere un diagnóstico serológico para instauración del tratamiento y para evaluación de la respuesta del paciente al mismo.

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Este trabajo de investigación busca analizar la importancia de la participación ciudadana en los procesos de transformación física de la ciudad. El trabajo parte de la revisión del proceso llamado Urbanismo Social, un modelo de gestión específico de la administración, que enmarcó el desarrollo de los Proyectos Urbanos Integrales PUI en Medellín, Colombia, entre 2004 y 2007. Se analiza la Metodología participativa dentro del Proyecto Urbano Integral Nororiental, la cual promovió el uso de diferentes mecanismos que facilitaron la participación ciudadana. Se identifican factores de éxito y factores críticos dentro de la Metodología, con el propósito de contribuir a la discusión y construcción de estrategias de participación más efectivas y eficientes para los proyectos de ciudad.

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El Formaldehído es una sustancia química de amplio uso a nivel mundial con efectos documentados en personas expuestas entre los cuales se destacan irritación de la piel, mucosas, tracto respiratorio y ojos. Según la Agencia Internacional para la Investigación del Cáncer (IARC) el formaldehido se encuentra clasificado en el grupo 1 como agente cancerígeno con suficiente evidencia de producir neoplasias en humanos. Los sectores industriales en Colombia que utilizan de forma frecuente el formaldehído incluyen los fabricantes de maderas, los servicios funerarios, y los sectores de salud y educación. El presente estudio de corte transversal pretende, con base en mediciones históricas (2004-2013) construir un perfil de exposición a formaldehído en trabajadores vinculados al sector de salud y educación en Colombia, divididos y analizados según actividades de trabajo similares (Patólogos, Histotecnólogos, Auxiliares de laboratorio, Docentes y Estudiantes), con el fin de establecer una línea base de diagnóstico para la orientación acciones dirigidas al control del riesgo. Con base en los hallazgos y soportados en estimadores estadísticos aplicables a los grupos de exposición, en general existe un tendencia de no conformidad al comparar los resultados aplicables con valores de referencia de larga duración definidos para el agente por autoridades internacionales. De forma complementaria se encontraron brechas significativas respecto a la implementación de controles administrativos y técnicos que sugieren circunstancias de exposición no controladas en los colectivos de interés.

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Las actividades laborales informales presentan situaciones adversas frente a la exposición a riesgos de diferente origen, una de estas actividades que se ha convertido en alternativa de transporte en la ciudad de Bogotá es el bicitaxismo, el cual aporta soluciones a la movilidad de los habitantes. Con el fin de determinar las condiciones de trabajo y las posibles enfermedades que puedan adquirir como consecuencia de su actividad laboral, se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, con una población de 150 bicitaxistas pertenecientes al barrio Toberín de la localidad de Usaquén, de la ciudad de Bogotá. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó el Cuestionario Sobre Condiciones De Trabajo Y Salud. Se estimó la proporción de trabajadores con afectación de su estado de salud y se exploraron las posibles asociaciones mediante la prueba Chi cuadrado de Pearson o prueba exacta de Fisher. Se encontró una relación entre la edad y los dolores de espalda (p = 0,007), al igual que entre la edad y los dolores en miembros superiores (p= 0,001), así mismo, se observó una relación entre el estado de las vías (aberturas y huecos) por las que transitan los bicitaxistas, con el dolor de miembros superiores (p= 0,007). El bicitaxismo en una alternativa de trabajo y de transporte para la comunidad, que debido a las condiciones en las que laboran, se están generando dolencias en diferentes segmentos corporales.

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OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to establish a Colombian smoothed centile charts and LMS tables for tríceps, subscapular and sum tríceps+subscapular skinfolds; appropriate cut-offs were selected using receiver operating characteristic analysis based in a populationbased sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia and to compare them with international studies. METHODS: A total of 9 618 children and adolescents attending public schools in Bogota, Colombia (55.7% girls; age range of 9–17.9 years). Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triceps and subscapular skinfold measurements were obtained using standardized methods. We have calculated tríceps+subscapular skinfold (T+SS) sum. Smoothed percentile curves for triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness were derived by the LMS method. Receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analyses were used to evaluate the optimal cut-off point of tríceps, subscapular and sum tríceps+subscapular skinfolds for overweight and obesity based on the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) definitions. Data were compared with international studies. RESULTS: Subscapular, triceps skinfolds and T+SS were significantly higher in girls than in boys (P <0.001). The median values for triceps, subscapular as well as T+SS skinfold thickness increased in a sex-specific pattern with age. The ROC analysis showed that subscapular, triceps skinfolds and T+SS have a high discrimination power in the identification of overweight and obesity in the sample population in this study. Based on the raw non-adjusted data, we found that Colombian boys and girls had high triceps and subscapular skinfolds values than their counterparts from Spain, UK, German and US. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide sex- and age-specific normative reference standards for the triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness values in a large, population-based sample of 3 schoolchildren and adolescents from an Latin-American population. By providing LMS tables for Latin-American people based on Colombian reference data, we hope to provide quantitative tools for the study of obesity and its complications.

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Aborda os princípios e técnicas do planejamento governamental relativos ao Plano Plurianual para o período de 2004 a 2007, incidindo direta e mais especificamente sobre os aspectos metodológicos, sistemáticos e legais concebidos no Plano.

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This document presents the results of the first three monitoring events to track the recovery of a repaired coral reef injured by the M/V Elpis vessel grounding incident of November 11, 1989. This grounding occurred within the boundaries of what at the time was designated the Key Largo National Marine Sanctuary (NMS), now designated the Key Largo NMS Existing Management Area within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). Pursuant to the National Marine Sanctuaries Act (NMSA) 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq., and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary and Protection Act (FKNMSPA) of 1990, NOAA is the federal trustee for the natural and cultural resources of the FKNMS. Under Section 312 of the NMSA, NOAA has the authority to recover monetary damages for injury, destruction, or loss of Sanctuary resources, and to use the recovered monies to restore injured or lost sanctuary resources within the FKNMS. The restoration monitoring program tracks patterns of biological recovery, determines the success of restoration measures, and assesses the resiliency to environmental and anthropogenic disturbances of the site over time. To evaluate restoration success, reference habitats adjacent to the restoration site are concurrently monitored to compare the condition of restored reef areas with natural coral reef areas unimpacted by the vessel grounding. Restoration of the site was completed September 1995, and thus far three monitoring events have occurred; one in the summer of 2004, one in the summer of 2005, and the latest in the summer of 2007. The monitoring in 2004 was in the nature of a “pilot project,” or proof of concept. Only the quantitative results of the 2005 and 2007 monitoring are presented and discussed. Monitoring has consisted of assessment of the structural stability of limestone boulders used in the restoration and comparison of the coral communities on the boulders and reference areas. Corals are divided into Gorgonians, Milleporans, and Scleractinians. Coral densities at the Restored and Reference areas for the 2005 and 2007 events are compared, and it is shown that the densities of all taxa in the Restored area are greater by 2007, though not significantly so. For the Scleractinians, number and percentage of colonies by species, as well as several common biodiversity indices are provided. The greater biodiversity of the Restored area is evidenced. Also, size-class frequency distributions for Agaricia spp. (Scleractinia) are presented. These demonstrate the approaching convergence of the Restored and Reference areas in this regard. An inter-annual comparison of densities, within both areas, for all three Orders, is presented. The most noteworthy finding was the relative consistency across time for all taxa in each area. Finally, certain anomalies regarding species settlement patterns are presented. (PDF contains 48 pages.)

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A Constituição Federal de 1988 (CF/88) dotou os governos brasileiros de instrumentos refinados para sua atuação, associando orçamentos anuais a planejamentos plurianuais, tendo como elemento central o programa de governo. Desde então, a gestão por programas vem aprimorando-se, especialmente no período 2004-2007, com a consideração do programa como elemento organizativo central do Plano Plurianual (PPA), mediante processos estruturados de elaboração, monitoramento, avaliação e revisão. Nesse contexto, insere-se o Controle Interno do Poder Executivo Federal, na figura da Controladoria-Geral da União (CGU), órgão central de um sistema que sofreu mudanças a fim de atender a finalidade insculpida no Art. 74, I, da CF/88, de avaliar o cumprimento das metas do PPA, a execução dos programas de governo e dos orçamentos da União. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo verificar a aderência das ações de aprimoramento do Programa Bolsa-Família (PBF) às ressalvas decorrentes dos trabalhos de avaliação da execução do PBF, provenientes de auditorias e fiscalizações efetuadas pela CGU no período de 2004 a 2007. Para tanto, mediante a técnica documental e bibliográfica, a pesquisa efetuou uma análise qualitativa dos dados coletados, que contemplaram os normativos editados e os relatórios dos gestores do programa, bem como os trabalhos de avaliação da CGU no período, na forma de 04 relatórios de auditorias de gestão na secretaria responsável pelo PBF e uma parcela (32%) dos relatórios de fiscalização em municípios, cujo resultado demonstra que houve uma convergência entre o componente do PBF mais ressalvado pela CGU e a área do programa com o maior número de medidas de aprimoramento por parte dos gestores no âmbito do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Fome (a gestão do Cadastro Único de programas sociais), dando a entender que a CGU atuou tempestivamente e produziu insumos valiosos sobre a execução do programa, consolidando-se como uma importante fonte de subsídios para a tomada de decisão dos gestores federais, corroborando a revisão da literatura sobre o papel do controle interno na administração pública.

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Plano Diretor; Embrapa Monitoramento por Satélite

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Visão de futuro para pesquisa e desenvolvimento em Tecnologia da Informação. Missão, visão, valores e foco de atuação. Objetivos estratégicos e metas. Diretrizes estratégicas e metas. Projetos estruturantes da Unidade.

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Background: The authors consider whether differences in stage at diagnosis could explain the variation in lung cancer survival between six developed countries in 2004-2007. Methods: Routinely collected population-based data were obtained on all adults (15-99 years) diagnosed with lung cancer in 2004-2007 and registered in regional and national cancer registries in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Norway, Sweden and the UK. Stage data for 57 352 patients were consolidated from various classification systems. Flexible parametric hazard models on the log cumulative scale were used to estimate net survival at 1 year and the excess hazard up to 18 months after diagnosis. Results: Age-standardised 1-year net survival from non-small cell lung cancer ranged from 30% (UK) to 46% (Sweden). Patients in the UK and Denmark had lower survival than elsewhere, partly because of a more adverse stage distribution. However, there were also wide international differences in stage-specific survival. Net survival from TNM stage I non-small cell lung cancer was 16% lower in the UK than in Sweden, and for TNM stage IV disease survival was 10% lower. Similar patterns were found for small cell lung cancer. Conclusions: There are comparability issues when using population-based data but, even given these constraints, this study shows that, while differences in stage at diagnosis explain some of the international variation in overall lung cancer survival, wide disparities in stage-specific survival exist, suggesting that other factors are also important such as differences in treatment. Stage should be included in international cancer survival studies and the comparability of population-based data should be improved.