Social and individual learning of helping in humans and other species.

Helping behaviors can be innate, learned by copying others (cultural transmission) or individually learned de novo. These three possibilities are often entangled in debates on the evolution of helping in humans. Here we discuss their similarities and differences, and argue that evolutionary biologists underestimate the role of individual learning in the expression of helping behaviors in humans.

Helping medical students to acquire a deeper understanding of truth-telling.

PROBLEM: Truth-telling is an important component of respect for patients' self-determination, but in the context of breaking bad news, it is also a distressing and difficult task. INTERVENTION: We investigated the long-term influence of a simulated patient-based teaching intervention, integrating learning objectives in communication skills and ethics into students' attitudes and concerns regarding truth-telling. We followed two cohorts of medical students from the preclinical third year to their clinical rotations (fifth year). Open-ended responses were analysed to explore medical students' reported difficulties in breaking bad news. CONTEXT: This intervention was implemented during the last preclinical year of a problem-based medical curriculum, in collaboration between the doctor-patient communication and ethics programs. OUTCOME: Over time, concerns such as empathy and truthfulness shifted from a personal to a relational focus. Whereas 'truthfulness' was a concern for the content of the message, 'truth-telling' included concerns on how information was communicated and how realistically it was received. Truth-telling required empathy, adaptation to the patient, and appropriate management of emotions, both for the patient's welfare and for a realistic understanding of the situation. LESSONS LEARNED: Our study confirms that an intervention confronting students with a realistic situation succeeds in making them more aware of the real issues of truth-telling. Medical students deepened their reflection over time, acquiring a deeper understanding of the relational dimension of values such as truth-telling, and honing their view of empathy.

Helping formulate propositions in forensic DNA analysis

The Bayesian paradigm is the preferred approach to evidence interpretation. It requires the evaluation of the probability of the evidence under at least two propositions. The value of the findings (i.e., our LR) will depend on these propositions and the case information, so it is crucial to identify which propositions are useful for the case at hand. Previously, a number of principles have been advanced and largely accepted for the evaluation of evidence. In the evaluation of traces involving DNA mixtures there may be more than two propositions possible. We apply these principles to some exemplar situations. We also show that in some cases, when there are no clear propositions or no defendant, a forensic scientist may be able to generate explanations to account for observations. In that case, the scientist plays a role of investigator, rather than evaluator. We believe that it is helpful for the scientist to distinguish those two roles.

Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and Emotional Responding to Dyadic Discussions of a Disagreement as Predictors of Helping Related Subjective Well-Being in Older Mothers and Their Adult Daughters

The current study considered affect-related variables as predictors of the quality of helping relationships between older mothers and their adult daughters. Specifically, self-reported and observed emotional responses to the dyadic discussion of a disagreement between mothers and daughters, as well as baseline measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia were considered as predictors of mothers' and daughters' satisfaction with their helping relationships. Relationship satisfaction was measured by considering mothers' and daughters' subjective well-being specifically in regards to the help they gave and received. Overall, these variables predicted more variance in mothers' satisfaction with their helping relationships than daughters', and RSA (respiratory sinus arrhythmia) was a stronger predictor than the self-reported or observed emotional reactions to the dyadic discussion of a disagreement. Implications of these findings and limitations to the current study are discussed.

Helping Youth Venture Into Volunteerism: A Resource for Ontario Secondary School Educators

This study sought to create a curriculum resource for Ontario secondary school educators that addresses the inadequate preparation of students prior to their involvement in community service. Specifically, Helping Youth Venture Into Volunteerism: A Resource for Ontario Secondary School Educators was designed to help grade 10 Civics and Citizenship teachers prepare students for the 40 hours of community service that are a prerequisite for the Ontario Secondary School Diploma. The resource discusses problems with the current unstructured program, outlines researchers’ recommendations to address such problems, and provides comprehensive unit and lesson plans to help educators meet curriculum expectations for grade 10 Civics and Citizenship. In addition, the study examined the rationale and development of the community service program and reviewed related literature corresponding both to Ontario’s community service program as well as service-learning programs in schools. Study results and the accompanying resource will help improve the community service program’s effectiveness by integrating it into school practices and curriculum and making it more relevant, structured, and meaningful to students. By improving the community service program, students will be more engaged in community service and more likely will become lifelong volunteers and active members of their community.

Helping hand for academics on video capture

This is a presentation from ALT-C

50 songs for helping and enjoying... the teaching of English.

Esta recopilación pretende servir de ejemplo de distintas formas de explotación de canciones en el aula. La mayoría de las canciones seleccionadas contienen elementos para el desarrollo más amplio de ciertos temas, algunas son ejemplos para la repetición de estructuras muy básicas y útiles para los planteamientos pedagógicos. Los objetivos que se pretenden trabajar con cada una de las canciones se especifican en una ficha adjunta y son ampliables en función de las necesidades o conocimientos de la clase en que vaya a trabajarse. La aplicación de estas técnicas y actividades al Segundo Ciclo de Secundaria y BUP es muy aconsejable, ya que los intereses de los alumnos y sus conocimientos gramaticales se acercan más al mundo de la canción.

Helping.

Forma parte de una serie que se centra en las inteligencias múltiples Explica lo que significa y cómo se siente al ser útil, y muestra cómo ayudar en el hogar y en otros lugares. Tiene glosario.

Helping students to speak.

Se analizan las razones, tanto desde el punto de vista del profesor como de los estudiantes, por las que los profesores encuentran difícil persuadir a sus alumnos a hablar con regularidad inglés en el aula. Ofrece, ideas y recursos fotocopiables para el aula.

The trouble with maths : a practical guide to helping learners with numeracy difficulties.

Este manual ofrece importantes ideas sobre el mundo, a menudo confuso, de la aritmética elemental. Examina las dificultades de aprendizaje en matemáticas desde varias perspectivas, incluye el lenguaje de las matemáticas, estilos de pensamiento y las peticiones de cuestiones individuales. Tiene en cuenta todos los aspectos sobre matemáticas y aprendizaje, y ofrece asesoramiento, orientación y actividades prácticas, que permiten: desarrollar habilidades de pensamiento flexible; utilizar estrategias alternativas para los alumnos para acceder a datos básicos; implementar medidas preventivas eficaces antes de que se establezca el descontento; reconocer la ansiedad con las matemáticas y problemas de autoestima; realizar evaluaciones precisas de las dificultades de los alumnos; diseño informal de procedimientos de diagnóstico. Es un manual que puede proporcionar una visión general de dónde y cómo pueden surgir los problemas, que ofrece información sobre posibles dificultades, o centrarse en un problema particular y sugerir orientaciones que pueden ayudar a los alumnos a aprender.

Helping Children Learn Mathematics.

Este libro está dirigido a profesores de matemáticas de enseñanza primaria, está diseñado para ayudar a los niños a aprender conceptos matemáticos, así como a resolver problemas con estrategias. El libro está formado por dieciocho capítulos: la importancia de las matemáticas en el mundo moderno, ayudar a los niños a aprender matemáticas, estrategias para resolver problemas, estrategias para contar, números cardinales y ordinales, como usar calculadoras, enseñar algoritmos, multiplicación, suma, resta y división, operaciones con fracciones, decimales, porcentajes, símbolos de algebra, geometría, interpretar resultados, estadísticas y gráficos.

The Elephant in the classroom : helping children learn and love Maths.

Jo Boaler ha analizado el progreso del aprendizaje de las matemáticas de miles de alumnos en Estados Unidos y Gran Bretaña, durante su etapa escolar y después en su vida adulta, destacando el impacto que los diferentes métodos de enseñanza pueden tener en una generación entera. Dirigido a profesores, padres y educadores en general, en el libro la autora ofrece diferentes formas de enseñar las matemáticas y de ayudar a los niños en casa a aprender de un modo nuevo y más eficaz, enseñándoles a razonar y a resolver problemas.

Helping immigrants identify as 'university-bound students' : unexpected difficulties in teaching the hidden curriculum. 'Ayudar a los inmigrantes a identificarse como 'estudiantes con destino a la universidad' : dificultades inesperadas en la enseñanza del currículo oculto'.

Monográfico con el título: 'Identidad y educación'. Resumen basado en el de la publicación

Cooperative learning: helping hearing impaired students build success

This paper examines the importance of cooperative learning and its use in the education of hearing-impaired children.