Resolução de problemas geométricos: um estudo sobre conhecimentos declarativos, desenvolvimento conceitual, gênero e atribuição de sucesso e fracasso de crianças dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Ensino de Sociologia e as Contribuições de Leontiev e Galperin para Elaboração de Material Didático-pedagógico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A perspectiva metodológica da resolução de problemas: um estudo sobre enunciados de situações matemáticas na EJA

In this paper we discuss the importance of a methodological perspective of solving problems as a sustaining process of teaching mathematics situated on the perspective of concept formation. Organizing a significant didactic situation for students imposes the need to study the interaction between them and the teacher and between them and their mathematical knowledge, learning environment in which the mere transmission of content gives way to contextualization, to historicizing and handling of topics from intuitive and everyday situations for the student. Thus, we understand mathematics as a fundamental language for the creation of theoretical thinking as a whole. We made use of documental analysis and classroom situations aiming at the use of instructional procedure related to the resolution of problems with the purpose of overcoming some representations about the process of teaching and learning mathematics which is strongly marked by imitative-repetitive algorithmic procedures. Considering mathematics as an investigation discipline, we point out renewal prospects for the curricula of this discipline, which are concrete in the movement of cultural action of the school itself as the cell generating discussion.

A pesquisa sobre o ensino da relatividade especial e geral: implicações para a prática docente

Em nosso estudo, investigamos as contribuições das pesquisas sobre o Ensino da Teoria da Relatividade Especial e Geral (TREG) e suas implicações para a prática docente. Para tanto, revisamos atas de 03 congressos científicos realizados no Brasil. Mapeamos 44 estudos, os quais foram categorizados de acordo com seus propósitos. Identificamos uma grande quantidade de produções, com foco na análise de conteúdos em livros, na formação de conceitos e na implementação de propostas didáticas, o que permite-nos inferir que, a procura por alternativas para que o ensino da TREG seja realmente efetivado se faz necessária e o aumento de investigações no ambiente escolar parece o caminho mais acertado. Há, também, uma necessidade de investirmos esforços na formação inicial dos professores, para que eles sintam-se seguros para abordar a TREG, quando estiverem em atividade docente.

Concepções sobre escola e gênero na perspectiva de crianças abrigadas

School and family are critical contexts to the development of concepts in childhood and few studies are conducted from the report of children when they live in rest-home. The aim of this study was to investigate concepts that children in rest-homes have about school and gender. There were 22 participants, including boys and girls, between 4 and 6 years, who were interviewed with open questions for content analysis. For these children the school was associated with an area of study opportunities, favorable to themselves, although by necessity or obligation, and possibly with the presence of conflicts. The gender was described from biological and psychosocial aspects and children attributed their gender identity at destination, learning and social advantages. Children feel they belong to a gender in a positive way, although by attributing disadvantages to the opposite gender, for example, relating male aggression to violence. Children reproduce some patterns and social characteristics of gender that probably were learned in different contexts. We conclude that studies in this area are important to identify children´s conceptions about school and sexuality, their roles and representations, especially when they live in an environment with such specific features as a rest-home.

Considerações teóricas sobre o uso da informática na resolução de problemas de trigonometria

The present work is determined to analyse trigonometry problem solving with the help of CabriGéomètre II software from the perspective of two axes of mathematics teaching which are: the concept formation in Klausmeier and Goodwin´s perspective(1977) and problem solving according to Sternberg’s conception(2000). With such an approach traces of a more significant learning may be found , which according to Ausubel(1980) enables the adoption of better teaching and learning practices.

Algumas potencialidades didáticas do setor trigonal na interface entre história e ensino de matemática

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Grafismos no projeto Botuáfrica: um diálogo intercultural

This article aims to present the Botuafrica Project and graphism generated by the stencil printing process. We will address the issue of valuing African-Brazilian aesthetics by producing symbols created by the participants of the project and fashion as a vehicle for social inclusion in the context of Botucatu Municipality of state of São Paulo. The study proposes a reflection on the work of professionals that contributed on practices of technical and concept development in order to promote the creation of local fashion and production. This research will verify the implications of act of drawing, printing and wearing the textiles designed by the participants of the project. Botucatu Institute collected and archived photos and drawings during the project between years 2010 and 2012 and provided this material for this research.

A internalização de signos como intermediação entre a psicologia histórico-cultural e a pedagogia histórico-crítica

This article highlights the theoretical and methodological unity existing between the culturalhistorical psychology and the historical-critical pedagogy, taking the category of mediation as a central element of analysis. This fact is justified since that category is emerging as an essential premise of the historical-materialist dialectical method; and this method, in turn, is the foundation of both the historicalcultural psychology and the pedagogy historical-critical. For achieving the stated aim, the text is organized around two themes. The first goes back to the historical-cultural conception of psychism, highlighting of internalization of signs as a condition for the development of that psychism; the second brings into focus the relationship between internalization of signs and concept formation, in order to demonstrate that the quality of the concepts in the training school is the intervening variable in the psychological development. By the way of concluding remarks, it is said the internalization of signs as a central element of mediation between historical-cultural psychology and historical-critical pedagogy.

Conceito de responsabilidade social de gestores e empregados

Este trabalho visou a avaliar a concepção de responsabilidade social de gestores e empregados de algumas empresas que participam da Política Nacional de Integração da Pessoa com Deficiência. A amostra foi constituída por 57 sujeitos, divididos em dois grupos: gestores e empregados. O grupo de gestores foi formado por 19 profissionais de recursos humanos, e o grupo de empregados, por 38 profissionais com deficiência. Os sujeitos foram solicitados a escrever as associações evocadas pelas palavras responsabilidade social em um período de 90 segundos. A partir dos dados coletados, as respostas dos sujeitos foram agrupadas em oito categorias: preocupação com o ambiente, inclusão social, solidariedade, respeito, compromisso social, sentimentos e atitudes positivos, coletividade e outras respostas. A análise estatística do Qui-quadrado permitiu rejeitar a hipótese nula com um alto grau de probabilidade. Verificou-se que o maior número de respostas associadas ao conceito de responsabilidade social concentrou-se nas categorias inclusão social, sentimentos/atitudes positivos e preocupação com o meio ambiente que, em conjunto, englobaram pouco mais da metade (52%) do total das respostas. A fim de avaliar o grau de associação entre as respostas dos gestores e dos empregados, foi calculado o coeficiente de correlação posto-ordem de Spearman. Os resultados permitiram identificar uma rede de conceitos associados ao conceito de responsabilidade social, tal como previsto por uma das teorias sobre formação de conceitos: a visão teórica.

Práticas pedagógicas e inclusão escolar: o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de alunas com deficiência intelectual

This research aimed to know and analyze the pedagogical practices that have been developed in the teaching and learning of students with Intellectual Disability (DI), enrolled at common class of elementary school I. The study was conducted in a public school at Natal/RN, involving two students with DI, a multipurpose teacher, a teaching assistant, a teacher of arts and educational coordinator. As for methodological choice, we chose to develop a qualitative study, undertaking a case study. As tools for the construction of the data we use: semi-structured interviews, participant observation, field diary and document analysis. Data analysis reveals that the institution in which the research was undertaken gradually implementing changes in order to develop an inclusive practice, consistent with its assumptions. Regarding the practices developed in the teaching and learning of students with intellectual disabilities, it was possible to realize the fulfillment of certain adjustments in relation to the objectives, activities and some content, involving the use of resources and varied strategies. With regard to educational activities, we found that these had different levels of complexity, covering both basic goals as more complex objectives. From the observations, we realize that the Assistant Professor of mediations during varied activities as challenging tool in intellectual processes. We note, too, a dynamic classroom in which disabled students were under the guidance of Assistant Professor, and other students with all-round teacher who had a fairly traditional teaching methodology. It created thus an isolation situation, since there was no proposition practices to be developed with all students, and interaction among classmates, generally quite restricted. Although were highlighted developments in the social and academic learning of the surveyed students, the teachers said they did not feel prepared to work freight inclusion. The study reveals the need for teachers reviewing some actions undertaken, in order to develop more democratic pedagogical practices of education, stimulating the interactions between students, by proposing challenging activities that promote the formation and concepts. In addition, it points to the need of the education system invest and encourage the qualification of teachers with regard to education in an inclusive perspective, through actions that promote lifelong learning. It needs to be developed on the teacher a reflective attitude, resulting in a view that due diligence must be entered in practice inherent in teaching in order to use to enhance their educational experience.

Práticas pedagógicas e inclusão escolar: o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de alunas com deficiência intelectual

This research aimed to know and analyze the pedagogical practices that have been developed in the teaching and learning of students with Intellectual Disability (DI), enrolled at common class of elementary school I. The study was conducted in a public school at Natal/RN, involving two students with DI, a multipurpose teacher, a teaching assistant, a teacher of arts and educational coordinator. As for methodological choice, we chose to develop a qualitative study, undertaking a case study. As tools for the construction of the data we use: semi-structured interviews, participant observation, field diary and document analysis. Data analysis reveals that the institution in which the research was undertaken gradually implementing changes in order to develop an inclusive practice, consistent with its assumptions. Regarding the practices developed in the teaching and learning of students with intellectual disabilities, it was possible to realize the fulfillment of certain adjustments in relation to the objectives, activities and some content, involving the use of resources and varied strategies. With regard to educational activities, we found that these had different levels of complexity, covering both basic goals as more complex objectives. From the observations, we realize that the Assistant Professor of mediations during varied activities as challenging tool in intellectual processes. We note, too, a dynamic classroom in which disabled students were under the guidance of Assistant Professor, and other students with all-round teacher who had a fairly traditional teaching methodology. It created thus an isolation situation, since there was no proposition practices to be developed with all students, and interaction among classmates, generally quite restricted. Although were highlighted developments in the social and academic learning of the surveyed students, the teachers said they did not feel prepared to work freight inclusion. The study reveals the need for teachers reviewing some actions undertaken, in order to develop more democratic pedagogical practices of education, stimulating the interactions between students, by proposing challenging activities that promote the formation and concepts. In addition, it points to the need of the education system invest and encourage the qualification of teachers with regard to education in an inclusive perspective, through actions that promote lifelong learning. It needs to be developed on the teacher a reflective attitude, resulting in a view that due diligence must be entered in practice inherent in teaching in order to use to enhance their educational experience.

Material paradidático em educação ambiental para o 6º ano do ensino fundamental

Acompanha: Material paradidático em educação ambiental para o 6º ano do ensino fundamental

Formação profissional e conceitos de moral e ética em estudantes de psicologia

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A (re)construção de conceitos biológicos na formação inicial de professores e proposição de um modelo explicativo para a relação genótipo e fenótipo

This paper aims to investigate the conceptions about the relation between genotype and phenotype of Biological Sciences Degree students who take part in a research group in Epistemology of Biology. In an initial data collection, the presence of ideas based on a restricted to genes and environment relation - without considering the organism and its life history - became evident . However, during the group discussions on the topic there were other statements involving other concepts, such as: molecular interactions, chance, organism and Developmental Biology. The analysis of conceptual (re)constructions that emerged in the group allowed the proposition and the development of an explanatory model for the relation between genotype and phenotype.