O ensino da matemática num percurso curricular alternativo

Este relatório tem como tema “O Ensino da Matemática num Percurso Curricular Alternativo” e foi elaborado no âmbito do Mestrado em Ensino da Matemática no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e Secundário, da Universidade da Madeira, no ano letivo 2011/2012. Os alunos que frequentam um Percurso Curricular Alternativo (PCA) encontram-se dentro da escolaridade obrigatória mas apresentam insucesso escolar repetido e, a maioria,risco de abandono escolar. Além disso, registam dificuldades na aprendizagem o que provoca desmotivação, baixa autoestima e falta de expetativas face ao futuro. Assim, é necessário que os professores consigam motivá-los, diversificando as atividades, relacionando-as, sempre que possível, com o dia-a-dia. O estudo realizado incidiu sobre duas turmas de 3º ciclo, uma de 8º ano e outra de 9º ano. Sugeriu-se à turma de 8º ano, uma atividade de investigação sobre o tarifário de telecomunicações, mais barato e adequado ao perfil de cada um, incentivando os alunos à procura da informação necessária, à análise e crítica da mesma e, por fim, à tomada de decisão. À turma de 9º ano foi sugerido um trabalho de pesquisa com a finalidade de relacionarem a matemática escolar com a matemática utilizada pelos pedreiros. Para estudar e compreender como os alunos aprendem matemática, relacionando a cultura do quotidiano com a cultura escolar, explorarei a importância da investigação na Educação Matemática Crítica e na Etnomatemática.

Aprendizagem cooperativa e colaborativa em matemática no espaço facebook

O programa de matemática do ensino básico revela que a escola exige uma formação sólida em Matemática para que os alunos, ao longo do seu percurso escolar, possam compreendê-la e utilizá-la, mas o façam igualmente depois da escolaridade, na sua vida pessoal, profissional e social. A investigação feita visa compreender como é que a Educação Matemática Crítica e a rede social Facebook potenciam a aprendizagem crítica da Matemática. A utilização mais frequente desta rede social, possibilita chegar a um maior fluxo de informação/publicidade. Sob a égide da Educação Matemática Crítica, com o objetivo de observar que alterações ocorriam na forma como os alunos aprendiam determinados conceitos matemáticos em situações rotineiras da nossa sociedade. Esta aprendizagem pode ocorrer cooperativamente e/ou colaborativamente conforme as atividades e os alunos que realizam o estudo. O estudo realizado foi de natureza qualitativa de caráter interpretativo. Os alunos realizaram três atividades. A primeira denominada “Atmosfera Terrestre” para introduzir o capítulo de intervalos de números reais e para os discentes se familiarizarem com as ferramentas do Facebook. As outras duas foram uma publicidade de uma empresa e uma notícia sobre as tabelas de IRS para o ano de 2013. Depois de concluído esse estudo, verificou-se que os alunos não tiveram qualquer problema ao nível do manuseamento das ferramentas proporcionadas pelo Facebook. Na atividade introdutória para o capítulo de intervalo de números reais, os alunos conseguiram transpor o que tinha sido discutido em espaço Facebook para a sala de aula, apresentando exemplos da referida atividade. Conseguiram retirar, através da matemática, conclusões e resultados muito pertinentes para uma melhor perceção do que estava implicitamente presente em cada uma das atividades. As conclusões evidenciadas pelos alunos aludem que após várias discussões, argumentos e mesmo algum cálculo matemático conseguiram observar e justificar criticamente que algumas informações estavam camufladas nas distintas atividades. Os alunos constaram que após estas atividades estão mais alertas para situações similares, o que constitui uma conquista do papel da Matemática na sua vida.

Espaços transversais em educação matemática :uma contribuição para a formação de professores na perspectiva etnomatemática

This PH.D. thesis is an attempt to show the beginning, evolution and unfolding of the making of a pedagogical work proposal based on culturally-built knowings in the heart of a traditional community, having as one of its starting points the knowings and doings experienced by dish-making women from Maruanum living in the city of Macapá, State of Amapá, Brazil. This proposal is strongly associated with the need we have to think about the nature of (ethnological)-mathematical knowledge generated by particular communities and about the way such knowledge can be discussed, worked out, and validated in learning environments, regardless of the level of instruction and the constraints imposed by government programs and educational institutions. Among its theoretical foundations are studies on instrumental activities that are typical of the Maruanum ceramics and investigative studies from the point of view of ethnomathematics. Methodological development took place with the application of activities, where traditional and instrumental knowledge observed in the production of ceramics had been adapted for and brought into the school environment , participative observation, as well as data collecting and organization techniques, such as interviews, statements, and audio an visual recordings. Analysis of the data collected focused on the relationship between the data-generating potential and the purpose of this study. Our aim is to make and estimate of the potential contributions from local situations and/or problems it would possibly bring to the formative learning of people involved in the educational processes of these communities, with a view to a spatial and temporal transformation of reality

Educação matemática, ciência e tradição: tudo no mesmo barco

Les connaissances de la tradition et position de la Science dehors pour un non-hiérarchique dialoguez qui frappe pour les distinguer mais ils sont undésavouer inséparable étant donné les compléments ils composent. Cet essai assume la possibilité de ce roi de dialogue dans un place spéciale: la classe. Sur ce qui vient au connaissance de la tradition, le centre remarquable est pour la construction de bateaux du travail manuel, una pratique culturellement déployé dans la ville d'Abaetetuba, dans le État de Pará, Brésil. En revanche, la Science est concentrée par le le contenu d'école a adopté dans l'Ensino Fundamental (École primaire). La construction du dialogue est faite en utilisant des activités de l'enseignement qui accentuez des aspects géométriques (solide, géométrique, angles et symétries) aussi bien que par information qui implique le tableau, poésie, histoire, géographie et physique - les deux inspiré dans le chiffre de bateau résumé dans un CD-ROM interactif. Les activités ont eu lieu dans D'Escola Ensino Pedro Teixeira Fondamental (Abaetetuba-Pa), avec étudiants du 6e niveau (plus spécifiquement avec un groupe de 13 étudiants) d'août à octobre2004. Ethnomathématiques et transdisciplinarité sont le support théorique sous-jacent du projet. Dans résumé, c'est possible pour dire que l'interaction entre Science et Tradition, à travers activités au-delà lesquelles vont le le contenu a restreint à mathématiques d'école, contribuées à,: identifiez le contenu a appris pas sur dans série antérieure; renouveler le rôle joué par école dans ses fonctions didactique pédagogiques; réduire le isolement entre information passée historique et les étudiants présent culturel; indiquer des obstacles à l'érudition des mathématiques intéresser aux aspects cognitifs et behavioristes; et provoquer un participation affective qui rôle principal à la qualité d'apprendre l'école contenu aussi bien que les connaissances de la tradition

Os ateliês (auto)formativos na constituição do sujeito docente da educação matemática

The object of study of this thesis is the use of (self)training workshops as a fundamental process for the constitution of the teaching subject in mathematics education. The central purposes of the study were to describe and analyze a learning process of mathematics teachers supported by the training-research methodology, which procedures have been affected with the practice of (self)training workshops as a way of collaborating to the constitution of the teaching subject in Mathematics Education. The survey was conducted with a group of teachers in the city of Nova Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte through a process of continued education realized in the training workshops having as main goal the realization of the group s (self)training sessions in order to lead participants to the extent of their autonomy in their personal and professional transformations. The results obtained in the formative processes have shown the need to develop activities of mathematics teaching as a contribution to overcome the conceptual difficulties of the teachers, apart from their (self)reflections about themselves and the educational processes in which they belong. The results raised some propositions about (self)training workshops that may be incurred in practices to be included in the curriculum frameworks or materialize as a strategy of pedagogical work in training courses for teachers of mathematics. Also, they can constitute an administrative and educational activity to be instituted in the public schools of Basic Education

Os jogos com regras na perspectiva do desenho universal: contribuições à educação matemática inclusiva

To think about a school that is for everyone has been a challenge for many people connected to education worldwide demanding from researchers of each level of knowledge an association to such effort. The study presented on this paper unites itself to the voices, movements and researches of these scholars, seeking to contribute on building possibilities on which mathematics can be thought and worked on schools in order for every student to learn, whether they have some sort of deficiency, disorders, syndromes or not. This essay has the goal to investigate the possibilities of inclusive pedagogical practices mediated by math games with rules, developed and used throughout the Universal Design perspective; a qualitative research took place with a collaborative methodology that involved managers, teachers and students from a public school situated on the city of Natal/Brazil. On the investigation math games with rules were developed and made according to the Universal Design concept, starting from initial studies which articulated theoretical groundings to the reality of school and the teacher s conceptions. After that, classes using these tools were planned collectively which oriented inclusive pedagogical practices of classes from the 1st to the 4th year of elementary school. Throughout the process many instruments such as: tape recording, video footages, notes from the researcher; the teachers and the students were used for constant work evaluation and also to record the research data. In the end, the data indicated effective contributions of the mediated pedagogical practices by games with rules under the perspective of Universal Design for Inclusive Mathematics Education

Um Ensaio Sobre História Oral e Educação Matemática: pontuando princípios e procedimentos

Recently, we can perceive an intensification of assignments developed into Mathematical Education with the use of oral history as a research methodology. In this article, facing the living experiences during the preparation of our Phd tasks and later, when we had the role of advisors of scientific papers and of Postgraduate students in their researches also using the same methodology, we discussed the implication of ethics, mathematical education and oral history. Furthermore, we enunciated possibilities of the posture of the researcher before interviews, texts and iconography - photos and several images-provided by collaborators of our projects on Oral history and Mathematical Education.

Contribuições da CADES para a Educação (Matemática) Secundária no Brasil: uma Descrição da Produção Bibliográfica (1953-1971)

The so called Campaign for the Improvement and Diffusion of High School (in Portuguese, CADES) took place between 1953 and 1971, in Brazil. During this period, the Campaign published or helped publish dozens of books, in different teaching areas, and several of them were located by the authors of this article. These books guided high school teachers with respect to curriculum planning, legal aspects and methods of teaching. In this article, we contextualize historically this Campaign and also mention its objectives. We briefly describe some of the books found - especially those related to the teaching of mathematics - in order to open perspectives for future approaches and research that can be done based on this written material. Our main aim is to discuss its orientations and to provide ingredients that enable the construction of considerations related to this perspective of training mathematics teachers during a period when there were few colleges and universities to prepare teachers in Brazil.

Avaliação de Interações entre Professor e Alunos na Educação Matemática: ensino e aprendizagem de recursos pedagógicos

The aim of this paper is to discuss the teachers' need, as autonomous professionals, to evaluate their own pratice. Considering that Descriptive Functional Analysis (DFA) may be a pedagogical method for analysis, implementation, and change of teachers' mathematics teaching practices, the objective of the present research was to teach repertoires compatible with DFA to two mathematics teachers in elementary schools of São Paulo state. When teachers are responsible for evaluation and self evaluation, they recognize themselves as fundamental agents of transformation in education.

Os jogos com regras na educação matemática inclusiva

This present study aimed to examine the use of games with rules in working with math education in regular classes included in Elementary School, in the municipal education schools of Natal/RN, observing the learning process and development of all students, especially those with disabilities. The theoretical references used are based on Vygotsky's works and other authors from the historical-cultural perspective, as well as researchers in the field of Inclusive Education and Mathematics Education. The investigation was based on the qualitative research guidelines, with the application of semi-structured interviews with educational coordinators and teachers from the schools involved as well as classroom observations, looking for, in the speeches of those involved and in their teaching practices, elements to reflect on the Mathematics Inclusive Education, the use of games with rules -starting from its goals, the participation of disabled students, the pedagogical mediations, up to its accessibility - and from the learning of disabled students. The analysis results showed that the concepts underlying the development of inclusive teaching practices still refer to the clinical-medical paradigm, understanding the student with disabilities from their deficiencies; which teachers use, in their majority, the mathematical games with rules in their classes, but which the teaching mediation, during these activities, still needs to be qualified so that they can, effectively, contribute to the learning and development of all students; students with disabilities do not always participate in games with others colleagues; games with rules are rarely accessible; and that the Universal Design principles are not adopted in the selected classrooms for this study. Thus, it is clear that much remains to be done so that Mathematics Education can contribute to the learning and development of all students, and among those actions the teacher continuing education is recommended

Contribuições da teoria marxista para a educação ambiental crítica

O artigo apresenta algumas das principais contribuições da teoria marxista para a educação ambiental, considerando que a prática educativa no Brasil se constituiu em diálogo com concepções pedagógicas e autores inseridos neste campo. Iniciamos com uma breve contextualização da produção de inspiração crítica (estritamente marxista ou não) e as disputas teóricas inseridas na educação ambiental. Logo após, discorremos sobre a influência e a apropriação das pedagogias críticas e de conceitos estruturantes da concepção marxiana de educação na formulação teórico-metodológica em educação ambiental. Como síntese e conclusão, argumentamos sobre a importância do materialismo histórico-dialético nas discussões ambientais contemporâneas, refletindo criticamente sobre como ele aí se apresenta, particularmente na educação ambiental.

Análise Narrativa em Trabalhos de História da Educação Matemática: algumas considerações

This paper presents some reflections on the use of narrative analysis as a possible approach to study the History of (Mathematics) Education, mainly to interpret historical situations and biographical data. Its perspective is linked to Walter Benjamin's ideas about the figure of the narrator and how the dialogue between narrator and historian can be seen. Following the perspective of another author, Benedito Nunes, we try to establish relations among narratives, fiction and historiography, also highlighting the ideas of Jorge Larrosa regarding the transmission of experiences. Finally, our focus is turned to Antonio Bolivar and his alternative statements about why and how analysis of investigations, in which narratives are the main source of data, can be done.

História na Educação Matemática – um estudo sobre trabalhos publicados no Brasil nos últimos cinco anos

In this paper we report a study on research in the field of History in Mathematics Education conducted in Brazil in the last five years. We evaluate studies that are theoretical or report experiences on the support found in history that can contribute to the situations of teaching and learning of mathematics, based on the Proceedings of Seminarios Nacionais de Historia da Matematica and Encontros Luso-Brasileiros de Historia da Matematica. Examining the interests, directions and focus of research in the field, we found that the vast majority of studies address specific issues of History of Mathematics, and the number of studies on History in Mathematics Education is still very low. We note that, in the last five years, the arguments in favor of the teaching potential of the History of Mathematics, which is very present in the speech of teachers and managers of public education, has not yet been materialized in experiments or investigations to promote this link effectively.