National institutions and employers’ age management practices in Britain and Germany:‘Path dependence’and option exploration

We pursue a comparative analysis of employers’ age management practices in Britain and Germany, asking how valid ‘convergence’ and ‘Varieties of Capitalism’ theories are. After rejecting the convergence verdict, we proceed to ask how far ‘path dependence’ helps explain inter-country differences. Through 19 interviews with British and German experts, we find that firms have reacted in different ways to promptings from the EU and the two states. Change has been modest and a rhetoric-reality gap exists in firms as they seek to hedge. We point to continuities in German institutional methods of developing new initiatives, and the emerging role of British NGOs in helping firms and the state develop new options. We argue that ‘path dependence’ offers insight into the national comparison, but also advance the idea of national modes of firm optionexploration as an important way of conceptualizing the processes involved.

Trade union responses to ageing workforces in the UK and Germany

Ageing workforces are placing conflicting pressures on European trade unions in order to, on the one hand, protect pensions and early retirement routes, and, on the other, promote human resource management (HRM) policies geared towards enabling their older members to extend working life. Using interviews from German and United Kingdom (UK) trade unions, we discuss how unions are both constrained and enabled by pre-existing institutional structures in advocating approaches to age management. In Germany, some unions use their strong institutional role to affect public policy and industrial change at national and sectoral levels. UK unions have taken a more defensive approach, focused on protecting pension rights. The contrasting varieties of capitalism, welfare systems and trade unions’ own orientations are creating different pressures and
mechanisms to which unions need to respond. While the German inclusive system is providing unions with mechanisms for negotiating collectively at the national level, UK unions’ activism remains localized.

Similarity or Variation? Employee Representation and Consultation Approaches Amongst Liberal Market Economy Multinationals

This paper engages with the varieties of capitalism literature to investigate the employee representation and consultation approaches of liberal market economy multinational companies (MNCs), specifically Australian, British and US MNCs operating in Australia. While the literature would suggest commonality amongst these MNCs, the paper considers whether the evidence points to similarity or variation amongst liberal market headquartered MNCs. The findings contribute to filling a recognized empirical gap on MNC employment relations practice in Australia and to a better understanding of within category varieties of capitalism similarity and variation. Drawing on survey data from MNCs operating in Australia, the results demonstrated that UK-owned MNCs were the least likely to report collective structures of employee representation. Moreover, it was found that Australian MNCs were the most likely to engage in collective forms of employee representation and made less use of direct consultative mechanisms relative to their British and US counterparts. In spite of the concerted individualization of the employment relations domain over previous decades, Australian MNCs appear to have upheld more long-standing national institutional arrangements with respect to engaging with employees on a collective basis. This varies from British and US MNC approaches which denotes that our results display within category deviation in the variety of capitalism liberal market economy typology. Just as Hall and Soskice described their seminal work on liberal market economy (LME) and coordinated market economy (CME) categories as a “work-in-progress” (2001: 2), we too suggest that Australia’s evolution in the LME category, and more specifically its industrial relations system development, and the consequences for employment relations practices of its domestic MNCs, may be a work-in-progress.

O interesse socioeducativo (e as dificuldades) de traduzir em português-espanhol

O Projeto que apresentamos insere-se nos estudos do Mestrado em Tradução Especializada dentro da vertente da Saúde e Ciências da Vida; é por isso que, partindo de um texto/suporte que visa promover uma alimentação saudável nas escolas (manual de referência difundido pelos Ministérios da Educação e Ciência e Ministério da Saúde de Portugal), procedemos à tradução (de português para espanhol) de um conteúdo que suscita, nos nossos dias, um grande interesse socioeducativo e cultural. É preciso destacar que o facto de ter nascido e vivido na Venezuela durante doze anos permitiu-me superar com êxito os meus estudos de espanhol na Licenciatura e no referido Mestrado; mas, ao mesmo tempo, tive que me adaptar, enquanto cidadã portuguesa, ao complexo e inacabado processo de ir interiorizando estas duas línguas – português/espanhol – tão próximas e no entanto com sistemas linguísticos bem distintos. Esta evidência encontra a sua maior justificação no grande capítulo dos erros (de forma e de significado) que consegui detetar e analisar graças à ajuda da minha professora orientadora, ao longo deste meu primeiro trabalho académico (texto traduzido para espanhol). Só agora, depois da minha primeira e “ingénua” tradução desse texto/manual, sou capaz de perceber com toda nitidez a dimensão do erro na atividade tradutora, assim como das suas consequências. Além desta importante reflexão, também o facto de elaborar este projeto permitiu-me abordar um aspeto linguístico da língua espanhola que me cativa pessoalmente (no que me diz respeito): o das variantes lexicais do castelhano nos países hispanofalantes. Não duvido em apontar um outro aspeto fundamental: o esforço de ter tido que corrigir minuciosamente e com rigor esta tarefa tradutora (com os seus respetivos comentários tradutológicos) converteu-se numa fonte de múltiplas satisfações pessoais; são aquelas que têm a ver com o cultivo de valores tais como o esforço, o espírito de superação, o exercício da responsabilidade e o (re)conhecimento da honestidade intelectual, entre outros.

An address delivered before the South-Carolina institute, at its second annual fair, on the 19th November, 1850. By Jos. H. Lumpkin

This speech by Georgia Supreme Court judge Joseph Lumpkin aims to ignite a spirit of improvement and bring about its influence. This improvement is not necessarily in the interest of agriculture alone, but in the interest of the state as well.

O trabalho de projeto em ambientes 3D e as aprendizagens de sistemas multimédia : uma prática de ensino com alunos do 12º ano

Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Ensino de Informática, Universidade de Lisboa, 2013

Disfuncionalidades do sistema jurídico criminal do Brasil em face do direito fundamental à segurança

Tese de doutoramento, Direito (Ciências Jurídico-Políticas), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Direito, 2014

Prática de ensino supervisionado no 1.º e 2.º ciclo do ensino básico: a evolução das conceções sobre o ciclo da água de alunos do 5º ano de escolaridade

Relatório final apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Ensino do 1º e 2º Ciclos do Ensino Básico

Letter to S.D. Woodruff from F. B. Day

Letter (1 ½ handwritten pages) to S.D. Woodruff from F. B. Day stating that spent 12 days inspecting berths 192 and 198. He has found 28 trees left behind. 6 of these are doubtful and 4 are Norway Pines. He states that the spirit of Mr. Woodruff’s argument has been carried out, May 14, 1878.

Lettre ouverte à propos de L'Esprit de la liturgie, ouvrage du cardinal Joseph Ratzinger

Le document contient la "Réponse à la lettre ouverte d'Olivier Bauer" par le cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (traduction de Pierre Bühler)

L'exécution des décisions de la Cour internationale de Justice : faiblesses et malentendus

"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Maîtrise en droit international (LL.M)"

De la consultation des peuples autochtones : structure institutionnelle d'un dialogue appelé à renouveler la notion des droits ancestraux : essai fondé sur la jurisprudence de la Cour suprême du Canada (1984-2004) et la théorie du droit

Le présent mémoire est consacré à l'étude de l'obligation faite à l'État canadien de consulter les autochtones lorsqu'il envisage de prendre des mesures portant atteinte à leurs droits et intérêts. On s'y interroge sur le sens que peut avoir cette obligation, si elle n'inclut pas celle de s'entendre avec les autochtones. Notre étude retrace d'abord l'évolution de l'obligation de consulter dans la jurisprudence de la Cour suprême du Canada, pour se pencher ensuite sur l'élaboration d'un modèle théorique du processus consultatif. En observant la manière dont la jurisprudence relative aux droits ancestraux a donné naissance à l'obligation de consulter, on constate que c'est en s'approchant au plus près de l'idée d'autonomie gouvernementale autochtone - soit en définissant le titre ancestral, droit autochtone à la terre elle-même - que la Cour a senti le besoin de développer la consultation en tant que véritable outil de dialogue entre l'État et les Premières nations. Or, pour assurer la participation réelle des parties au processus de consultation, la Cour a ensuite dû balancer leur rapport de forces, ce qu'elle a fait en admettant le manque de légitimité du pouvoir étatique sur les autochtones. C'est ainsi qu'après avoir donné naissance au processus de consultation, la jurisprudence relative aux droits ancestraux pourrait à son tour être modifiée substantiellement par son entremise. En effet, l'égalité qu'il commande remet en question l'approche culturaliste de la Cour aux droits ancestraux, et pourrait l'amener à refonder ces droits dans le principe plus égalitaire de continuité des ordres juridiques autochtones. Contrairement à l'approche culturaliste actuelle, ce principe fait place à la reconnaissance juridique de l'autonomie gouvernementale autochtone. La logique interne égalitaire du processus de consultation ayant ainsi été exposée, elle fait ensuite l'objet d'une plus ample analyse. On se demande d'abord comment concevoir cette logique sur le plan théorique. Ceci exige d'ancrer la consultation, en tant qu'institution juridique, dans une certaine vision du droit. Nous adoptons ici celle de Lon Fuller, riche de sens pour nos fins. Puis, nous explicitons les principes structurants du processus consultatif. Il appert de cette réflexion que l'effectivité de la consultation dépend de la qualité du dialogue qu'elle engendre entre les parties. Si elle respecte sa morale inhérente, la consultation peut générer une relation morale unique entre les autochtones et l'État canadien. Cette relation de reconnaissance mutuelle est une relation de don.

Le vote par internet à distance : est-il conforme aux exigences du droit électoral québécois et canadien?

"Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de LL.M. en droit option droit des technologies de l'information"