Programa para un cambio en la sensatez de los alumnos : análisis de la eficacia de su aplicación.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación

Análisis de los estilos de pensamiento que utilizan los profesores españoles en el aula.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación

El uso de la autobiograf??a de infancia como recurso para la investigaci??n en la educaci??n

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Estimating the reliability coefficient of tests in presence of missing values

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Paisatge i models urbans contemporanis. Les comarques gironines (1979-2006): del "desarrollismo" a la globalització

This doctoral thesis offers a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the changes in the urban shape and landscape of the Girona Counties between 1979 and 2006. The theoretical part of the research lies within the framework of the dispersed city phenomenon, and is based on the hypothesis of convergence towards a global urban model. The empirical part demonstrates this proposition with a study of 522 zone development plans in the Girona Counties. The results point to the consolidation of the dispersed city phenomenon, as shown by the sudden increase in built-up space, the spread of urban development throughout the territory, and the emergence of a new, increasingly generic landscape comprising three major morphological types: urban extensions, low density residential estates and industrial zones. This reveals shortcomings of planning for urban growth, weakening of the city as a public project, and a certain degradation of the Mediterranean city model.

Avaliação dos padrões de dose em radiologia pediátrica na radiografia simples do abdómen

A radiossensibilidade de crianças, muito superior à dos adultos, aliada à elevada utilização de exames radiológicos, justifica a preocupação com as doses à entrada da pele (DEP) e doses efectivas (DEF) durante exames radiológicos pediátricos. Neste trabalho quantificou-se a DEP e a DEF em sistemas convencionais e digitais em exames abdominais em crianças dos 0-15 anos, comparando os parâmetros físicos utilizados com os estipulados pelos critérios de boas práticas. Em 35 exames, verificou-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0.025) entre DEP convencional (522.78 μGy) e digital (35.29 μGy), o que não ocorreu com a DEF (48.89 vs. 41.35 μGy). Os valores de DEP em sistema convencional ultrapassavam os de referência para os grupos etários de 1-4 (477.5 vs. 400 μGy) e 15 anos (2260 vs. 1200 μGy).A maior parte dos critérios de boas práticas estavam em conformidade com os critérios internacionais, excepto a utilização de filtragem (superior ao recomendado), a utilização inadequada de grelha e a utilização (não recomendada) de controlo automático de exposição em crianças com idade inferior a 5 anos.

Alterações nas queixas subjetivas de memória e na escala de depressão geriátrica em adultos e idosos em Portugal estão associadas a um suplemento alimentar

A perda de memória é uma das principais queixas entre a população idosa. Reivindicada para melhorar a função cognitiva e de fácil obtenção em farmácias e dietéticas, a suplementação com fosfolípidos produziu resultados mistos em vários estudos. Um grupo de adultos e idosos saudáveis (n = 522) com idade 65,84 ± 10,74 anos, e com um nível de escolaridade de 7,90 ± 4,90 anos participaram do estudo. Os participantes foram submetidos a Avaliação Breve do Estado Mental (ABEM), Escala de Queixas de Memória (EQM) e Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (EDG). Três indivíduos apresentaram disfunção cognitiva, 505 queixas de memória apresentadas e 257 estavam acima do ponto de corte para a EDG. Subsequentemente, um grupo de mulheres (n = 17) utilizaram a suplementação com fosfolípidos durante 4 semanas. Após o período de suplementação, foi observada uma diminuição nos valores médios de EQM e EDG. A suplementação de fosfolípidos, ao longo de 4 semanas reduziu significativamente os valores EQM (p <0,05) neste grupo de mulheres.

A comparison of three language assessments

This paper reviews three language assessment tests, (TAGS), (TASL), and (CASLLS) for hearing impaired children.

Estudio de las experiencias educativas que se desarrollan en las comunidades indígenas de Cotopaxi, percepciones y su impacto para una propuesta común

La Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) es una alternativa para pueblos originarios, hoy ya es un paradigma pedagógico en Europa y en América. Actualmente, en la mayoría de países de América Latina están aplicando la EIB, en los estados que más está desarrollando la EIB son: México, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y Bolivia. En el Ecuador, se cuenta con la Dirección Nacional de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (DINEIB) desde 1988, fue instituida en base a las experiencias educativas ejecutadas antes de su creación. La DINEIB está ejecutando la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) en todas las nacionalidades y pueblos indígenas, por medio de las direcciones provinciales y de nacionalidades. Esta Dirección, elaboró el Modelo de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (MOSEIB) para aplicar en sus centros educativos comunitarios. En la provincia de Cotopaxi, antes de la creación de la DINEIB ya se desarrolló algunas experiencias educativas, la que hasta ahora existe es la del Sistema de Escuelas Indígenas de Cotopaxi (SEIC), mismo que atiende a comunidades indígenas de Zumbahua, Chugchilán, Panyatug y El Bajío (Pujilí y Maca grande). Con la presencia de la DINEIB, aparece la Dirección Provincial de Educación Bilingüe de Cotopaxi (DIPEIB-C). La Dirección antes indicada es la rectora de la EIB en Cotopaxi, siendo así, el SEIC es parte de la DIPEIB-C, sin embargo, existe poca coordinación Para este trabajo, se realizó una investigación a los actores sociales por medio de entrevistas y observaciones, la finalidad fue ver cuáles son las percepciones y su impacto en las comunidades indígenas sobre las experiencias educativas. Luego de haber sistematizado los datos, se nota que existen problemas en el proceso de la EIB: En lo pedagógico, los docentes muy poco están tratando el kichwa como lengua instrumental de educación, así como los contenidos de la cultura indígena, y, en lo social y económico, existe emigración de los indígenas a las ciudades, en la parte final, se pone a consideración elementos para mejorar la calidad de la EIB en Cotopaxi.

Is there such a thing as Kalmia x Rhododendron?

Two putative hybrids between Kalmia and Rhododendron, their suspected progenitor species and related taxa were submitted to DNA sequencing of cpDNA trnL-F and nrDNA ITS regions in order to test whether there was DNA sequence evidence both for hybridization per se and for the direction of the cross should one be evident. Comparison of eight DNA sequences from these putative hybrids with Rhododendron and Kalmia species showed clear evidence of origin within Rhododendron. No evidence of Kalmia DNA was detected. These putative intergeneric hybrids appear to be mutants of Rhododendron and not of hybrid origin.

Separating hoarding from OCD

There is confusion about the status of excessive hoarding. In particular, there is an unresolved question about whether or not it is a manifestation of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). There are some definite similarities between 'compulsive' hoarding and OCD, but they are outweighed by the differences between them. It is proposed that the matter can be clarified by separating hoarding from OCD, and that this would advance clinical work and research. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The 'glial' glutamate transporter, EAAT2 (Glt-1) accounts for high affinity glutamate uptake into adult rodent nerve endings

The excitatory amino acid transporters (EAAT) removes neurotransmitters glutamate and aspartate from the synaptic cleft. Most CNS glutamate uptake is mediated by EAAT2 into glia, though nerve terminals show evidence for uptake, through an unknown transporter. Reverse-transcriptase PCR identified the expression of EAAT1, EAAT2, EAAT3 and EAAT4 mRNAs in primary cultures of mouse cortical or striatal neurones. We have used synaptosomes and glial plasmalemmal vesicles (GPV) from adult mouse and rat CNS to identify the nerve terminal transporter. Western blotting showed detectable levels of the transporters EAAT1 (GLAST) and EAAT2 (Glt-1) in both synaptosomes and GPVs. Uptake of [3H]D-aspartate or [3H]L-glutamate into these preparations revealed sodium-dependent uptake in GPV and synaptosomes which was inhibited by a range of EAAT blockers: dihydrokainate, serine-o-sulfate, l-trans-2,4-pyrrolidine dicarboxylate (PDC) (+/-)-threo-3-methylglutamate and (2S,4R )-4-methylglutamate. The IC50 values found for these compounds suggested functional expression of the 'glial, transporter, EAAT2 in nerve terminals. Additionally blockade of the majority EAAT2 uptake sites with 100 micro m dihydrokainate, failed to unmask any functional non-EAAT2 uptake sites. The data presented in this study indicate that EAAT2 is the predominant nerve terminal glutamate transporter in the adult rodent CNS.

The effect of feeding modified soyabean oil enriched with C18 : 4 n-3 to broilers on the deposition of n-3 fatty acids in chicken meat

Supplementing broiler diets with conventional vegetable oils has little effect on the long-chain n-3 PUFA (LC n-3 PUFA) content of the meat. The present study investigated the effect on fatty acid composition and sensory characteristics of chicken meat when broilers were fed oil extracted from soyabeans (SDASOY) that had been genetically engineered to produce C18 : 4n-3 (stearidonic acid (SDA), 240 mg/g oil). Three diets were fed to 120 birds (eight replicate pens of five birds) from 15 d to slaughter (41–50 d). Diets were identical apart from the oil added to them (45 and 50 g/kg as fed in the grower and finisher phases, respectively), which was either SDASOY, near-isogenic soya (CON) or fish oil (FISH). The LC n-3 PUFA content of the meat increased in the order CON, SDASOY and FISH. In breast meat with skin, the SDA concentration was 522, 13 and 37 (sem 14·4) mg/100 g meat for SDASOY, CON and FISH, respectively. Equivalent values for C20 : 5n-3 (EPA) were 53, 13 and 140 (sem 8·4); for C22 : 5n-3 (docosapentaenoic acid (DPA)) 65, 15 and 101 (sem 3·5); for C22 : 6n-3 (DHA) 19, 9 and 181 (sem 4·4). Leg meat (with skin) values for SDA were 861, 23 and 68 (sem 30·1); for EPA 87, 9 and 258 (sem 7·5); for DPA 95, 20 and 165 (sem 5·0); for DHA 29, 10 and 278 (sem 8·4). Aroma, taste and aftertaste of freshly cooked breast meat were not affected. Fishy aromas, tastes and aftertastes were associated with LC n-3 PUFA content of the meat, being most noticeable in the FISH leg meat (both freshly cooked and reheated) and in the reheated SDASOY leg meat.