Increased spinal pain sensitization : a new explanation for highly prevalent painful somatic symptoms in major depressive disorder?

Objectifs: Malgré que les patients souffrant de dépression majeure (DM) rapportent souvent des symptômes douloureux, la relation entre la douleur et la dépression n’est pas encore claire. Ce n’est que récemment que des études employant des paradigmes de sommation temporelle ont pu offrir une explication préliminaire de la cooccurrence de la douleur et de la dépression. Notre étude vise à évaluer la contribution des procédés spinaux et surpraspinaux dans la sensibilisation de la douleur dans la DM en utilisant un paradigme de sommation temporelle. Participants : Treize sujets sains et quatorze patients souffrant de DM ont été inclues dans l’analyse finale. Méthodes : Pour induire une sommation temporelle, nous avons utilisé des stimulations intermittentes du nerf sural de basses et hautes fréquences. La sensibilisation spinale de la douleur a été quantifiée en mesurant la variation de l’amplitude du réflex de retrait nociceptif (NFR) entre les deux conditions de stimulations, ainsi que la sensibilisation supraspinale de la douleur a été obtenue en mesurant le changement dans l’appréciation verbale de la douleur entre ces deux conditions. Résultats : Nous avons observé une sensibilisation plus élevée de la réponse NFR chez les patients dépressifs durant la condition de stimulation à haute fréquence, un effet qui n’a pas été reflété par une sensibilisation amplifiée des appréciations subjectives de la douleur durant l’expérience. Néanmoins, nous avons observé une association entre la sensibilisation spinale et les symptômes somatiques douloureux chez les patients DM. Conclusion : Ces résultats suggèrent une sensibilisation spinale amplifiée dans la DM, ce qui pourrait expliquer la prévalence élevée des symptômes somatiques douloureux chez ces patients.

Disorder-induced critical phenomena in magnetically glassy Cu-Al-Mn alloys

Measurements of magnetic hysteresis loops in Cu-Al-Mn alloys of different Mn content at low temperatures are presented. The loops are smooth and continuous above a certain temperature, but exhibit a magnetization discontinuity below that temperature. Scaling analysis suggest that this system displays a disorder-induced phase transition line. Measurements allow one to determine the critical exponents ß=0.03±0.01 and ß¿=0.4±0.1, which coincide with those reported recently in a different system, thus supporting the existence of universality for disorder-induced critical points.

Collective dynamic properties in simple crystals: Influence of the structural disorder

Collective dynamic properties in Lennard-Jones crystals are investigated by molecular dynamics simulation. The study is focused on properties such as the dynamic structure factors, the longitudinal and transverse currents and the density of states. The influence on these properties of the structural disorder is analyzed by comparing the results for one-component crystals with those for liquids and supercooled liquids at analogous conditions. The effects of species-disorder on the collective properties of binary crystals are also discussed.

Sex differences in oppositional defiant disorder

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Attention training in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

MCMI-II borderline personality disorder in anorexia and bulimia nervosa. 'Trastorno l??mite de personalidad seg??n el MCMI-II en la anorexia y bulimia nerviosas'

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Hyperreflexivity as a condition of mental disorder : A clinical and historical perspective. 'La hiperreflexividad como condici??n de los trastornos mentales : una perspectiva cl??nica'

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n. Resumen tambi??n en ingl??s

Stress and depression in informal caregivers of patients with bipolar affective disorder

This study aims to establish the stress and depression´s prevalence in informal primary caregivers of patients with bipolar affective disorder of the Clínica de Nuestra Señora de la Paz (Bogotá, Colombia). The sample consisted of 40 informal primary caregivers who were tested by several tools: a survey filter, a sociodemographic record, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Daily Stress Questionnaire. Results indicate that there is much more presence of depression than of daily stress in the sample. 

Autobiographical Memory for Stressful Events, Traumatic Memory and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review

Stressors and traumatic events may contribute to the development of many psychopathologies, PTSD among them. People with this disorder can present significant cognitive impairments and losses in memory, particularly autobiographical memory (AM).This paper aims to present a systematic review of literature considering changes on autobiographical memory in people exposed to potentially traumatic stressors. Therefore, we performed a computerized search in databases PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science and Pilots in March 2012.A total of 29 articles were selected and grouped into three categories: studies comparing Trauma X PTSD, studies comparing PTSD X Trauma X Control and comparison studies according to post-traumatic symptoms. Results demonstrate that people with PTSD presents alterations in a larger number of AM components compared to the cases in which PTSD did not developed. In the same way, subjects never exposed to trauma did not demonstrate significant alterations on  AM when compared to the other groups. The results of this study allowed concluding that changes of some components of the AM are primarily associated with PTSD, but it was not possible to clarify whether such changes are related to the timely development of the disorder, or if they are also observed in traumatic memories even in the absence of disorder.

Brain Tumour, Mood Disorder and Encephalopathy. Discusion of the Clinical Case Presented in Volume 6, Number 2

We report a case of a 65 years old female patient, who was admitted to the hospital with non specific neurological symptoms and who had preliminary imagenological findings of an extra-axial tumor mass (a meningioma of the sphenoid’s wing), which was taken to complete surgical removal. Afterwards, she developed progressive neurologic deterioration until her death. The final diagnosis was acute spongiform encephalophaty, and was obtained by cerebral biopsy. Spongiform encephalopathy was described, almost a century ago, as the Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, poorly diagnosed in our environment because of its low frequency and uncommon onset, which starts with a mood disorder followed by a phase of dementia and a final fatal outcome. The gold standard for the diagnosis is based on a biopsy or an autopsy of the brain, with immunohistochemical stains for the prionic abnormal protein.

Brain Tumour, Mood Disorder and Encephalopathy. Discusion of the Clinical Case Presented in Volume 6, Number 2

We report a case of a 65 years old female patient, who was admitted to the hospital with non specific neurological symptoms and who had preliminary imagenological findings of an extra-axial tumor mass (a meningioma of the sphenoid’s wing), which was taken to complete surgical removal. Afterwards, she developed progressive neurologic deterioration until her death. The final diagnosis was acute spongiform encephalophaty, and was obtained by cerebral biopsy. Spongiform encephalopathy was described, almost a century ago, as the Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, poorly diagnosed in our environment because of its low frequency and uncommon onset, which starts with a mood disorder followed by a phase of dementia and a final fatal outcome. The gold standard for the diagnosis is based on a biopsy or an autopsy of the brain, with immunohistochemical stains for the prionic abnormal protein.

Brain Tumor, Mood Disorder and Encephalopathy

Brain Tumor, Mood Disorder and EncephalopathyWe report a case of a patient was 65 years old, who was admitted with neurologic symptoms ill-defined by imaging findings that initial meningioma wing of the sphenoid, tumor resection, is performed. She presented torpid evolution, progressive neurological deterioration, until her death.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder : what can teachers do?

Los niños con trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad (ADHD) pueden experimentar a menudo fracaso escolar, expulsión escolar y problemas emocionales, conductuales y sociales. Para desmitificar esta disfunción, este manual ayuda a comprenderla y a manejarla, a adoptar las estrategias educativas y los enfoques de gestión del comportamiento más adecuados para cada niño. También explora el uso de los tratamientos alternativos, tales como estrategias psicológicas y psiquiátricas, medicamentos, asesoramiento, entrenamiento y cambios en la dieta, lo que permite ofrecer a los niños un futuro más positivo.

Reaching and teaching the child with autism spectrum disorder : using learning preferences and strengths.

Manual que ofrece un enfoque positivo a la comprensión y la educación de los niños con autismo. Ofrece una mayor comprensión de la perspectiva y el comportamiento de un niño con autismo y explora cómo pueden utilizarse sus preferencias de aprendizaje, fortalezas e intereses para facilitar el aprendizaje y aumentar la motivación. La autora ha utilizado una mezcla de teorías de la personalidad, inteligencias múltiples y aprendizaje para crear un método de trabajo, Aprendizaje Preferencias y Fortalezas (LPS), para el desarrollo de habilidades de aprendizaje para la vida independiente en niños con autismo entre dos y doce años. Describe los principios básicos, preferencias de aprendizaje y los puntos fuertes típicos de los niños con autismo y ofrece una estructura de programa detallado, pero flexible, basada en estos conceptos. Fácil de seguir, se describen en cada capítulo actividades y orientaciones junto con ejemplos e ilustraciones.