Ventila����o e prescri����es urban��sticas: uma aplica����o simulada no bairro de Petr��polis em Natal/RN

The present work studies the natural ventilation and its relationship with the urban standards, which establishes the form of occupation and use of the land in our cities. The method simulates the application of the urban standards of the City Master Plan over the last three years. The simulation takes place in the District of Petr��polis, in the city of Natal , Brazil and analyses the effects of the standards of natural ventilation. The formulated hypothesis states that the reductions in the urban spaces between buildings rises up the vertical profile of ventilation, reducing, therefore, the velocity of the wind at the lower levels of the buildings. To develop the study, occupation models were built, using computerized, three-dimensional models. These occupation models were analyzed using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) code. The conclusion is that the more we reduce the urban space between buildings, the more we reduce the wind speed in constructed areas, increasing, therefore, the possibility to generate heat islands

O descompasso de uma experi��ncia: avalia����o do Programa Habitar Brasil na Comunidade ��frica-Natal/RN

This research deals with the evaluation of the Programa do Governo Federal para Urbaniza����o de Favelas Habitar Brasil(1993) carried out in the Africa slum - Redinha neighbourhood in Natal-Rn. This study carried out in period from 2005 to 2006 searches to identify the effects of the actions proposed by Program in 1993-1994 about the current urbanistic configuration of the Africa community. It analyzes the effectiveness in the process of achievement of the considered objectives to habitation, communitity equipments, infrastructure and agrarian regularization. On the evaluation process, it has been as reference the works developed by Adauto Cardoso (2004), Blaine Worthen (2004), Ronaldo Garcia (2001) and Ros��ngela Paz (2006). About the Habitational Policy with approach to the Urbanistic Right and the right to the housing, the reflections by Raquel Rolnik, Nabil Bonduki, Erm��nia Maricato, Saule J��nior, Bet��nia de Moraes Alfonsin and Ed��sio Fernandes are main references. To gauge the execution of the objectives proposed by Habitar Brasil in 1993, it has searched in the documentary data of the time and in information gotten in interviews with technicians that had participated of the program, consistent references on what was considered, what was executed and the process of the intervention of Habitar Brasil in the Africa community. The area analysis in 2005-2006 has developed on the base of the urbanistic survey of the current situation from the four performance lines of the Program: habitation, infrastructure, community equipments and agrarian regularization, with a current urbanistic evaluation of Africa considering the intervention carried out in 1993 and 1994. The study points out the context of Brazilian Habitational Policy where the Programa Habitar Brasil was launched, explaining the main principles of the Program. In terms of local, it empahsizes the administrative-political factors that had contributed so that Natal-Rn city has been pioneering in the resources captation of Habitar Brazil (1993). Considering Habitar Brazil in Africa, the work argues and presents the intervention diagnosis and the proposal, developed by Program in 1993 evidencing the local problem of the time. After that, it makes a current reading of the area, identifying in 2006 representative elements of Habitar Brasil (1993-1994) for the Africa community. It identifies significant advances in the constitution of the institucional apparatus of the plaining system of Habitation of Social Interest for the city of Natal and points the fragilities in the implementation of the urban infrastructure actions and above all in the achievement of the objectives of the agrarian regularization

Juizados especiais federais e o acesso �� justi��a federal no Rio Grande do Norte

This work aims to study the performance of Juizados Especiais Fedrais (JEF) in Rio Grande do Norte and its contribution to the facilitation of access to justice by ordinary citizens. Created in 2001, the JEF looks simplify and reduce the procedural steps and reduce the number of appeals referred to the courts so that justice is possible to provide a more agile. In this sense, are designed to contribute to the democratization of access to justice. In Rio Grande do Norte, the JEF was established and began operating in January 2002, serving in causes civil pension. From 2005, the Court began to receive all types of civil cases and have a virtual system of processing of cases. Among the methodological procedures used in conducting research, highlight the documentary survey in the virtual site of the Federal Justice of RN, to obtain data on the shares tried and sentenced in the years 2005, 2006 and 2007, using the quantitative research. Were also conducted interviews with federal judges, using the qualitative research method. Among the results, we conclude that the Juizado Especial Federal in Rio Grande do Norte is complying with its objective of making justice more accessible and responsive to ordinary citizens, especially the short time that an action leads to the entry in the Court to be given the sentence

Dos movimentos sociais ��s fun����es institucionais: a Consolida����o de uma gera����o pol��tica em Sergipe.

This study was presented to the Post-Graduation Program in Social Sciences at UFRN as part of the requisites for obtaining the title of Master in Social Sciences. It describes the results of the research From social movements to the institutional functions: the consolidation of a generation . Its main objective is to describe the history of a political generation that emerged from the social movements, in the 80 s, in Sergipe, and that nowadays occupies the main governmental positions in the State s political scenario. As its specific objectives, the research described the emerging of social movements in the 80s in Sergipe; it found in the social movements in Sergipe, in the 80s, the beginning of the history of a new political generation, and described the consolidation of this new political generation in institutional positions as the expression of a new group of power in Sergipe s politics. Among the social movements that gained visibility in that period and that projected their leadership into the political scenario of Sergipe, this study highlights: the students movement, teacher s movement, bank clercks movement, miners movement, and rural workers movement. It utilized as methodology the research in sites, magazines, and the use of testimonies from semi-structured interviews. The main leadership of the five movements that were analyzed is, nowadays, governing the state, administering the capital s city hall, and performing legislative work at the Legislative Assembly of Sergipe, and at the Chamber of City Councilmen of Aracaju. This study described the political history of the main leadership of that generation of militants and organizers of social movements, and of left party groups in Sergipe, highlighting that their consolidation in the political scenario of the State meant the consolidation of a new group of power in Sergipe s politics.

IIRSA: outro passo na pilhagem, explora����o e (des) integra����o dos povos e territ��rios sul-americanos

La llamada Iniciativa para la Integraci��n de Infraestructura Regional Suramericana (IIRSA) es un acuerdo multinacional celebrado entre los 12 pa��ses de Am��rica del Sur desde el a��o 2000, materializado a trav��s de 10 ejes de comercializaci��n orientados a la construcci��n de varios proyectos de infraestructura, que incluye la construcci��n de una enorme red de energ��a, de comunicaci��n y transporte. Estos proyectos han sido financiados principalmente por los organismos multilaterales (BID, CAF, FONPLATA) profundizando la dependencia econ��mica y pol��tica de los pa��ses involucrados, en especial mediante el aumento de la deuda externa, las empresas transnacionales garantizar��n la infraestructura necesaria para la explotaci��n m��s acentuada de nuestros recursos naturales y de la mano de obra barata, asegurando el abastecimiento de sus mercados. En este sentido, el discurso de crecimiento econ��mico regional crear�� los mecanismos necesarios para la reproducci��n ampliada del sistema capitalista, mediante la promoci��n de la liberalizaci��n de los mercados internacionales, tales como intenta los Estados Unidos a trav��s del ��rea de Libre Comercio de las Am��ricas. En realidad, es un Desarrollo Regional de los pa��ses del Norte, un plan estrat��gico de ordenamiento territorial construido por transnacionales y dictado por el imperialismo de Norteam��rica. Bajo la direcci��n del gobierno de Brasil ha sido implementado sigilosamente, para que los jefes de Estado, sin nombrarlo, ejecuten sus planes de desarrollo como parte de esta tan evidente estrategia de saqueo, entusiasmados y convencidos de que ser��n generosamente recompensados. Proclaman e inauguran proyectos de infraestructura que las empresas multinacionales y transnacionales consideran indispensables para el saqueo de los recursos naturales que a��n quedan, despu��s de cinco siglos de explotaci��n continua de Am��rica Latina. En este sentido, nuestra investigaci��n se volvi�� hacia el an��lisis de lo sector energ��tico de lo Eje Per��-Brasil-Bolivia, por considerarlo de suma importancia para el mantenimiento de la explotaci��n y consolidaci��n hegem��nica de las corporaciones multinacionales en Am��rica Latina

Tecendo os fios de rede: juventude e produ����o de si em projetos sociais.

The study is about youthful subjectivities in quarters, of the West Zone of Natal-RN, marked for lacks and contingencies that constitute the everyday life of the social existence of its young inhabitants. For this purpose the researchers selected two youth groups: the Association of Youths Constructing Dreams (in the quarter of Felipe Camar��o) and Lelo Melodia Crew (Quarter of Guarapes). Both are articulated through the strategy of coalition in regional and national nets. The hypothesis is that inside the groups and nets new youthful citizens arises. That would be a change in the representation of poor youth: from 1980 s street children - young whose social stigma associated poverty and crime to late 1990 s kids of project (pointing their trajectory in social projects) or, in present days, called as young peripherals - for the enrollment in cultural movements, as the hip hop movement - These new young citizens are contributing to new social imagery significations on poor youths. The methodology encloses: a) focal group; b) participant research analyzing the making arts (ways to think, social daily practices, actions engaged in a diversity plans) of youth groups; c) life stories of some of the youngs produced in workshops; d) not structuralized interviews. d) several documents of the groups; e) local and national surveys. Results emphasize a feeling of opening to a project of autonomy in relation to a social system that leaves them in a situation of social precariousness. Conclusion remarks that such practices of the youthful groups through the art, leisure, sport and culture unfold politics effect so that can point innovative forms of politics participation on the part of this specific segment of poor youths of Brasilian country, although conflicts and paradoxes crosses individual citizens, youth groups and youth nets.

Trajet��rias da ado����o cadastral em Fortaleza: o Estado modelando as rela����es familiares

Esta disertaci��n tiene como objetivo principal identificar las motivaciones de los adoptantes catastrales, pues la regularidad estad��stica en el universo adoptivo nacional apunta para una preferencia por las adopciones al modo brasile��o o listas. La hip��tesis principal se��ala que las caracterizaciones de los sujetos en foco, en cuanto a su pertenencia religiosa y al nivel de educaci��n formal, ejercen fuerte influencia en su opci��n por la adopci��n catastral. Apoy��ndose en la teor��a del habitus de Pierre Bourdieu, se pudo constatar que la cultura individual es lo que orienta los l��mites de la acci��n de los sujetos y, en el caso de los adoptantes catastrales, en sus diferentes habitus, se encuentra la explicaci��n para sus trayectos y tentativas adoptivas. Es importante recordar que sus habitus son unificados por el Estado. En la colecta y an��lisis de los datos, se realiz�� un trabajo cualitativo y cuantitativo fundamentado en los siguientes recursos: observaci��n directa, consultas de documentos oficiales, aplicaci��n de formularios y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Las observaciones fueron realizadas en instituciones relacionadas al proceso de las adopciones catastrales, as�� como mediante encuestas sobre los adoptantes. Se analizaron, tambi��n, documentos referentes al regimiento de esas instituciones, especialmente en cuanto a las orientaciones relativas a la pr��ctica adoptiva estudiada. Se observ�� una discrepancia entre el discurso oficial y lo que efectivamente las instituciones practican en su cotidiano. Por fin, en cuanto a las entrevistas realizadas con los adoptantes, fue verificado que ellos tienen un nivel socioecon��mico y formaci��n escolar superior a la media de la poblaci��n de la ciudad de Fortaleza, as�� como participan de alguna comunidad religiosa y son miembros de familias que representan el modelo socialmente dominante nuclear burgu��s

Reforma administrativa e gest��o de pol��ticas sociais em Mossor��: a fal��cia dos atores institucionais e sociais

The thesis entitled The administrative reform and social political management in Mossor��: the institutional and social staff's falacy. Comprehends a moment of apprehensiveness and analysis in the reestrcturing process of the city, whose process will show the formation of strategies and deployment of its relation with the social political affectiveness. It represents a single moment in the approach of such a kind of experience in the city. The analysis starts from the third mandate of the Mayor Rosalba Ciarlini Rosado, during the quadriennium 2001/2004, for being the time in which the public management got materialized, such as in the operational way of the social politics. For that, we delimitate this study in two distinct moments: the first one refers to the reform elaboration from the creation of the additional law n�� 001/2000 GP/PMM: the second one refers to a practical reform from the social and institutional staff's speech. Within that scenary it was seen that the approaching, though partially, the State Reform and, consequently, the master plan of the state apparatus, which were made of theoretical matrices of such a project locally. However, that is a complex experience, that required the use of field and documental research for the proposed investigation and at the same time, prove the guiding hypothesis of it, what means a grouping of areas like: education, healthy, and social development in only one department City Citizenship Department that is able to materialize a new intitutional arrangement, according to the management principles in the public administration at the govern local level, configuring a reform and not just an institutional adequacy. In that context, it got necessary to apprehending the institutional and social actors' falacy as a way to prove or not the presented hypothesis. Among the first staff, we have the mayor's direct leaders and advisors' perception that express the politcal administrative aspects of the reform and, in the second, the perception of the political view of what has changed concerning the management of the social politics

Capital Social e Desenvolvimento Rural: acesso, uso e gest��o da ��gua nos Territ��rios Rurais do Sert��o do S��o Francisco

This study aimed to contribute to the discussion of social capital, seeking to relate that to the access, use and water resources management in the Sao Francisco Vale, specifically in rural areas of the wilderness of San Francisco situated in the State of Bahia and Pernambuco. As, stimulate action possibilities for individuals (family rural) apart by a patrimony public so precious that is water. Besides a theoretical discussion of social capital (networks, trust, participation) and rural development. We applied 387 questionnaires to farmers and some interviews with actors social of territorial forum and committee of the S��o Francisco basin where it was possible to correlate our variables in order to confirm our hypothesis: social capital is a key element to ensure access, use and management of water for rural families living in irrigated and rainfed areas

Atr��s das grades: redes sociais, habitus e intera����o social no sistema carcer��rio do RN

Esta tesis trata de discutir y entender los diversos tipos de redes sociales y formas de interacci��n social presentes en el sistema penitenciario de Rio Grande do Norte. Nuestro problema se basa en un incremento significativo en las tasas de encarcelamiento y la prisi��n en Brasil y el mundo en los ��ltimos diez a��os. Asimismo, la aparici��n del crimen organizado ya, en cierta medida, el control de las prisiones brasile��as, como el Comando Vermelho (CV) y el Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), una consecuencia directa de las terribles condiciones de las prisiones de Brasil y aumento de la violencia y el crimen en nuestro pa��s. Para resolver el problema, se opt�� por utilizar las categor��as de an��lisis de Michel Foucault (prisi��n y la disciplina), Pierre Bourdieu (habitus y campo), Ervirng Goffman (instituci��n total, de interacci��n, de fachada y de equipo) y Mark Granovetter, Ricardo Abramovay e Jo��o Peixoto, entre otros, la nueva sociolog��a econ��mica (Redes, nodos y lazos) como principal apoyo. Tambi��n construy�� una revisi��n hist��rica de la c��rcel en Brasil y Rio Grande do Norte hasta llegar al objeto. Esto, en t��rminos de investigaci��n cualitativa, se sumergi�� en el mundo de las prisiones Dr. Francisco Nogueira Fernandes, conocido como Penitenciario de Alca��uz, ubicado en el municipio de N��sia Bosque, Rio Grande do Norte. Penitenciar��a del Estado de origen, las casas de Alca��uz seiscientos cuarenta y tres reclusos, divididos en cinco pabellones, un total de ciento cuarenta y siete c��lulas. Mediante la observaci��n sistem��tica y la entrevista cualitativa s semi-estructurada como las principales fuentes de recopilaci��n de datos, hemos tratado de explicar el universo que acabamos de analizar por las Ciencias Sociales. Nos dimos cuenta de que, para cumplir con la escena nacional, regaliz viola de manera flagrante lo que se denomina en la Constituci��n de 1988 y LEP (Ley de Ejecuci��n Penal), sin tener en cuenta los derechos de los individuos a una porci��n de una oraci��n con un m��nimo de dignidad. Se ha demostrado que las personas que permean el universo proviene de un ambiente de la prisi��n, la sociabilidad violenta, sedo tambi��n tienen un habitus precario. La prisi��n, espacio disciplinario y un tipo espec��fico de interacci��n social marcada por el control, contribuye a la profundizaci��n de habitus, pero que muestra que no es tambi��n como un espacio cerrado en absoluto, sino un lugar donde penetran las redes y din��micas muy social. Al mismo tiempo, se encontr�� que m��s de la presencia de "grupos organizados" es el espacio en las c��rceles para la interacci��n social y las redes sociales que pasan dentro y fuera de su espacio

Envelhecimento populacional: um diagn��stico dos idosos institucionalizados, em Natal/RN

The aging process lived by the Brazilian population concurred to the transformation in the family models, causing difficulties related to the elderly care on the Family environment, a fact that is one of the main reasons for their institutionalization. Facing this scenario, the need of investigating how the elderly lives on the long-term facilities (ILPI) has aroused. In this study, it has been conducted an analysis of the populational aging process, contrasting the Rio Grande do Norte to Brazil and the Northeast Region, between 1980 to 2010. Faced with the realization of this process, and the rising number of long-term facilities for the elderly (ILPI), it was needed to make a rescue of the abiding laws regarding elderly institutionalization, on the scope of Natal, which surged after the 1988 Federal Constitution, checking what were the impacts on the assistance of the institutionalized elderly. Lastly, it were investigated the possible determinants associated with the institutionalization, in Natal-RN, considering the aspects of the family structure, family relationship, economic, health and well being of the elderly. The results showed that Rio Grande do Norte, particularly Natal, follows the national scene, since between 1980 and 2000 its population passed the intermediate level in the process of population aging for, in 2010, to be considered elderly. Throughout this process, it was observed that Natal has been adapting to the federal legislation, through the creation of the municipal policy, City Council and other relevant standards for the elderly, promoting significant changes in ILPI.However, philanthropic institutions needs better resources for their maintenance. In research with the elderly, it was found that although the majority of the elderly have declared themselves satisfied with life, they had indicators of impairment of functional capacity and cognitive, isolated social behavior and depression, affecting the life quality of these elderly. These results reflect the need for greater investment of public power in the drafting, implementation and monitoring of public policies aimed at promoting changes that raise the level of life quality of this segment of the population

O licenciamento ambiental como instrumento de um desenvolvimento verdadeiramente sustent��vel

Since the second half of the 20th century, mankind concerns about life quality and environment preservation began to grow. In Brazil, the edition of the Law n�� 6.938/81, that instituted the National Policy of the Environment (Pol��tica Nacional do Meio Ambiente PNMA), contributing significantly to the singular treatment towards the environment by the Federal Constitution of 1988 (Constitui����o Federal de 1988), can be appointed as a landmark of this awareness. The Law n�� 6.938/81, following the line observed on the legislation of some Brazilian States, predicted on its 9th article the instruments of PNMA, among which the environmental licensing can be highlighted. This instrument presents itself as indispensable to the construction, installation, extension and operation of enterprises and activities that utilize environmental resources, seen as effective and potentially polluter industries, or even to those that can cause environment degradation. On a parallel way and as a consequence of this awareness, the concept of development begins to acquire a new shape. The development of a country or a region begins to consider not only economical factors, but also environmental, political, cultural and social aspects. Ecodevelopment, or sustainable development, then, arises. In this way, through research on legislation and on theme related doctrine, this work has the intention of analyzing environmental licensing as a PNMA instrument responsible for uniting economical development and the right to an ecologically balanced environment, that is, by the consecution of a truly sustainable development

O princ��pio constitucional do desenvolvimento sustent��vel: an��lise da sua concretiza����o no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte

The Article 225 of Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil in its main body, stipulates that everyone is entitled to ecologically balanced environment and the use of common people and essential to the healthy quality of life, should be imposed on public authorities and the community the duty to defend it and preserve it for present and future generations. Following a universal trend, the letter raised the Brazilian environment the category of one of those values ideals of social order, dedicating it, along with a constitution of rules sparse, a chapter, itself, which definitely, institutionalized the right to healthy environment as a fundamental right of the individual. The national public policies and state should be in line with modern theories of Sustainable Development, outlined within the international society, and certainly instruments that should be made effective through the mobilization of civil society as a whole. The implementation of Human Rights, in fact, depends on a strong political action and not just a legal problem. Thus, this work of theoretical-descriptive nature we will address various dimensions of sustainable development, such as environmental education, water, sanitation, health and sustainable development plans, evaluating its current stage in our state

O princ��pio constitucional da efici��ncia aplicado �� outorga e �� cobran��a da ��gua produzida na explora����o petrol��fera

Water production is unavoidable during a petrol well s lifetime. The amount of produced water associated with oil varies a lot. It can reach values which account to 50% in volume up to nearly 100%, at the end of the well s economic life. It could be verified that, once the water reaches the productive wells, there must be a management of this produced water. Its destiny is defined after a precise study, after which the best option is chosen between relieving it into the environment, re-injecting it into the producing container or disposing it into non-producing formations. Whichever option is made by the involved professionals, after the necessary analysis, it shall consider, besides the technical and economical aspects, also the alternatives which entail less environmental impact. The purpose of the present research is to conduct a study about the application of the constitutional principle of efficiency on the instruments worked out by the public administration on water management, specifically the water use licence and charging for the use in the management of water resources applicable to water production at the petrol wells. In this attempt, before entering the proper approach of the efficiency of the mentioned instruments, it was necessary not only bring to light the doctrinal perception about the constitutional principle of administrative efficiency, but also make some considerations concerning to the structure of the national water resources management, set by the Federal Constitution (1988) and the federal legislation (9433/97)

O desafio constitucional da distribui����o dos royalties de petr��leo da bacia pr��-sal para promo����o de pol��ticas p��blicas

The administrative model of the Brazilian State, based on regulation, strives, with the application of the efficiency principle and assessment of economical costs, to give a greater effectiveness to fundamental rights by implementing public policies.The objective of this work is to analyze the role of Oil royalties in the context of the Brazilian State, considering that, being an income gap, they might work as a device that promotes intra/intergenerational justice. By means of a correct and efficient distribution and application in the national region, the royalties constitute financial resources available for implementing public policies that intend to guarantee the fundamental rights; above all, with the discovery of the Pre-salt basin and the indisputable rise in the tax revenues arising from Oil exploration. In the making of this work, the theoretical-descriptive methodology is observed, grounded in a critical-reflexive analysis about Constitutional Law and Oil Law. This work analyzes the administrative model of the Brazilian State, the theory of costs of fundamental rights and the theoretical aspects about royalties, such as: the ethical and economical fundamentals, the distribution and destination of revenues, considering the oil exploration scenario before and after the discovery of the pre-salt basin. it is verified, with the present work, the importance of the creation of a new regulatory framework, and consequently the creation of a sovereign wealth fund, which arises to re-evaluate the application of the current norms of Oil revenue distribution. Still, it is imperative that the mechanisms for controlling the application of royalties are defined in detail, so that those can fully admit the objectives of intra/intergenerational justice. Furthermore, it is emphasized that this process should develop from the efficiency principle viewpoint, as well as the principle of reducing social and regional differences, given that the Oil revenues might be used to ensure fundamental social rights, by implementing public policies that are aligned with the development recommended by the Federal Constitution