Differentiation in the Content-Area Classroom for English Language Learners

This paper explores the idea of using differentiation strategies in the content-area classroom to improve reading skills and comprehension. In particular, this thesis explores methods and strategies that can be used in the classroom to help address the individual needs of English language learners (ELLs). A broad range of experts in curriculum, differentiation, and English language acquisition were consulted in the development of this review, which synthesizes the research on ELLs’ needs, differentiation, and differentiation strategies for ELL readers. The models for best teaching practices are then placed within a ninth grade language arts unit.

DeCS terminology and the new rules on orthography of Portuguese language: guidelines for an update

PURPOSE: To indicate orthographic changes to be used as a basic reference for professionals, researchers, doctors, teachers, students and users, which are directly linked and performing activities in health services in general, aimed at implementing the correct orthography in recovery and production of their scientific studies. METHODS: For data collection, were shown some examples of terminology DeCS (Descriptors in Health Science) analyzed according to the current spelling and compared with the Orthographic Vocabulary of Portuguese Language (VOLP). RESULTS: It was select and listed examples of key words and/or terms related to Health Sciences, which was compared to the respective rules of the Orthographic Agreement of Portuguese Language, and divided into three items: graphical accentuation, the non use of dieresis and exceptions and, the use of hyphen. CONCLUSION: This study show some guidelines for the orthographic alterations of the terms used by scientific community, according the new orthographic rules, contributing for the efficiency in the description of the documents and consequently in their recovery.

English Language Learners: A Correlational Study of the Relationship Between A Proficiency Level Assessment and End of Course Test Scores at one Georgia High School

Understanding the language of one’s cultural environment is important for effective communication and function. As such, students entering U.S. schools from foreign countries are given access to English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) programs and they are referred to as English Language Learner (ELL) students. This dissertation examined the correlation of ELL ACCESS Composite Performance Level (CPL) score to the End of Course tests (EOCTs) and the Georgia High School Graduation Tests (GHSGTs) in the four content courses (language arts, mathematics, science, and social studies). A premise of this study was that English language proficiency is critical in meeting or exceeding state and county assessment standards. A quantitative descriptive research design was conducted using Cross-sectional archival data from a secondary source. There were 148 participants from school years 2011-2012 to 2013- 2014 from Grades 9-12. A Pearson product moment correlation was run to assess the relationship between the ACCESS CPL (independent variable) and the EOCT scores and the GHSGT scores (dependent variables). The findings showed that there was a positive correlation between ACCESS CPL scores and the EOCT scores where language arts showed a strong positive correlation and mathematics showed a positive weak correlation. Also, there was a positive correlation between ACCESS CPL scores and GHSGT scores where language arts showed a weak positive correlation. The results of this study indicated that that there is a relationship between the stated variables, ACCESS CPL, EOCT and GHSGT. Also, the results of this study showed that there were positive correlations at varying degrees for each grade levels. While the null hypothesis for Research Question 1 and Research Question 2 were rejected, there was a slight relationship between the variables.

Os contributos da literacia para a educação pré-escolar e ensino do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico

Mestrado (PES II), Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, 29 de Junho de 2015, Universidade dos Açores.

A articulação da linguagem na educação pré-escolar

Relatório da Prática Profissional Supervisionada Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar

Anticoncepción en Andalucía. 2. Representaciones, discursos y prácticas de adolescentes y adultas con y sin discapacidad

En la port.: Informe de investigación para la Consejería de Salud. Servicio de Promoción de la Salud y Planes Integrales

Anticoncepción en Andalucía [Recurso electrónico]. 1. representaciones, discursos y prácticas profesionales

En la port.: Informe de investigación para la Consejería de Salud. Servicio de Promoción de la Salud y Planes Integrales

Road Map Math, 1976

Road Map Math is an instructional program for low-achieving students in grades four to twelve. It is helpful in teaching language arts, place geography, map reading and mathematics. This booklet was made in conjunction with Department of Public Instruction, Price Laboratory School at the University of Northern Iowa and the Planning and Research Division of the Iowa Department of Transportation.

Deviance of syntax in oral languages and oral reading behavior

The major hypothesis of this paper is that any deviance in syntax present in oral language will be evident in oral r eading behaviour. Using Lee and Canter's Developmental i 1 Sentence Scoring technique (1971) and Y. Goodman and Burke's Reading Miscue Inventory (1972) linguistic competence was established in t hree male children. ages 10 to 11. patterns of strengths and weaknesses in reading were determined. and the relationships t hat were established, were examined. Results of the study i ndicate that oral language behaviour is closely tied to oral r eading behaviour. This type of approach can be used as a basis for a diagnosis of a reading difficulty and then a prescription for language and reading skills.

The effectiveness of explicit strategy instruction on the top level structure of a text

Thesis (M.Ed.)-- Brock University, 1995.

Show me, help me, let me : supporting teachers' changing conceptions of reading assessment and reading instruction

This qualitative inquiry used case study methodology to explore the change processes of 3 primary-grade teachers throughout their participation in 7 -month professional learning initiative focused on reading assessment and instruction. Participants took part in semimonthly inquiry-based professional learning community sessions, as well as concurrent individualized classroom-based literacy coaching. Each participant's experiences were first analyzed as a single case study, followed by cross-case analyses. While their patterns of professional growth differed, findings documented how all participants altered their understandings of the roles and relevancy of individual components of reading instruction (e.g., comprehension, decoding) and instructional approaches to scaffold students' growth (e.g., levelled text, strategy instruction), and experienced some form of conceptual change. Factors identified as affecting their change processes included; motivation, professional knowledge, professional beliefs (self-efficacy and theoretical orientation), resources (e.g., time, support), differentiated professional learning with associated goal-setting, and uncontrollable influences, with the affect of each factor compounded by interaction with the others. Comparison of participants' experiences to the Cognitive-Affective Model of Conceptual Change (CAMCC) and the Interconnected Model of Teacher Professional Growth (IMTPG) demonstrated the applicability of using both conceptual models, with the IMTPG providing macrolevel insights over time and the CAMCC microlevel insights at each change intervaL Recommendations include the provision of differentiated teacher professional learning opportunities, as well as research documenting the effects of teacher mentorship programs and the professional growth of teacher educators. ii

Books on the border land : a Mennonite woman's memoir of reading and remembering the sacred

This arts-based thesis, written from my perspective as a Manitoba Mennonite woman and English Language Arts educator, is a memoir of books and reading. As a voracious reader, I am dismayed by the general perception of literacy in public schools as being a set of measureable tasks, and I have found that reading, in particular, has become divorced from its traditional link to life-giving and sacred things. In this thesis, I used life writing to share some of my reading history to illustrate, in part, the degree to which books may enrich our lives by helping us understand the past, present, and future - but only if we allow them to do so.

Writing and science connections : integrated instruction and assessment

Learning to write is a daunting task for many young children. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a combined approach to writing instruction and assessment on the writing performance of students in two grade 3 classes. Five forms and traits of writing were purposefully connected during writing lessons while exhibiting links to the four strands of the grade 3 Ontario science curriculum. Students then had opportunities to engage in the writing process and to self-assess their compositions using either student-developed (experimental group/teacher-researcher's class) or teachercreated (control group/teacher-participant's class) rubrics. Paired samples t-tests revealed that both the experimental and control groups exhibited statistically significant growth from pretest to posttest on all five integrated writing units. Independent samples t-tests showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group on the persuasive + sentence fluency and procedure + word choice writing tasks. Pearson product-moment correlation r tests revealed significant correlations between the experimental group and the teacher-researcher on the recount + ideas and report + organization tasks, while students in the control group showed significant correlations with the teacher-researcher on the narrative + voice and procedure + word choice tasks. Significant correlations between the control group and the teacher-participant were evident on the persuasive + sentence fluency and procedure + word choice tasks. Qualitative analyses revealed five themes that highlighted how students' self-assessments and reflections can be used to guide teachers in their instructional decision making. These findings suggest that educators should adopt an integrated writing program in their classrooms, while working with students to create and utilize purposeful writing assessment tools.

Factors Contributing to Reading Performance: An In-Depth Analysis of the “Boy Crisis”

This research used a quantitative study approach to investigate the “boy crisis” in Canada. Boy crisis advocates suggest that boys are being surpassed by girls on reading assessments and promote strategies to assist male students. A feminist framework was used in this study that allowed for an investigation and discussion of the factors that mediate between gender and success at reading comprehension, interpretation, and response to text without ignoring female students. Reading scores and questionnaire data compiled by the Pan-Canadian Assessment Program were used in this research, specifically the PCAP-13 2007 assessment of approximately 30,000 13-year-old students from all Canadian provinces and Yukon Territory (CMEC, 2008). Approximately 20,000 participants wrote the reading assessment, while 30,000 students completed the questionnaire responses. Predictor variables were tested using parametric tests such as independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, chi-square analysis, and Pearson r. Findings from this study indicate that although boys scored lower than girls on the PCAP-13 2007 reading assessment, factors were found to influence the reading scores of both male and female students to varying degrees. Socioeconomic status, perceptions of the reading material used in language arts classrooms, reading preference, reading interest, parental involvement, parental encouragement for reading, and self-efficacy were all found to affect the reading performance of boys and girls. Relationships between variables were also found and are discussed in this research. The analysis presented in this study allows parents, educators, and policy makers to begin to critically examine and re-evaluate boy crisis literature and offers suggestions on how to improve reading performance for all students of all socioeconomic backgrounds.

Motivation scolaire et adaptation psychosociale d'élèves du secondaire scolarisés en classe de prolongation de cycle

Depuis la mise en place de la réforme, il y a plus de dix ans, les directions d’établissement sont tenues de trouver des solutions alternatives au redoublement, afin d’aider les élèves en difficulté à rattraper leur retard. C’est afin de répondre à cet impératif que la classe de prolongation de cycle a été mise en place dans les écoles secondaires. Des élèves en fin de 1er cycle, jugés incapables de poursuivre au cycle supérieur, y sont regroupés et pendant une année, ils bénéficient de mesures de soutien afin d’atteindre le niveau de compétence attendu (plus précisément en français en en mathématiques) pour pouvoir vivre un passage réussi au second cycle. Peu de résultats de recherches sont toutefois disponibles quant à l’efficacité de cette modalité. La présente étude vise donc à estimer l’incidence de deux modèles de prolongation de cycle (co-enseignement et avec enseignant unique), sur la motivation et l’adaptation psychosociale des élèves. Ainsi, les élèves qui expérimentent un modèle de co-enseignement demeurent en groupe fermé et sont accompagnés par trois enseignants titulaires qui se partagent la responsabilité de la quasi-totalité des composantes du programme de formation. Les élèves qui expérimentent un modèle avec enseignant unique demeurent eux aussi en groupe fermé, mais sont encadrés par une seule enseignante titulaire qui assume la responsabilité des enseignements en français et en mathématiques. Les autres matières sont enseignées par des spécialistes. Cent trente-quatre élèves au total, fréquentant trois écoles secondaires francophones montréalaises situées en milieu défavorisé, ont donc formé les groupes expérimentaux et témoins. En début et en fin d’année, les participants ont répondu à un questionnaire d’enquête mesurant l’évolution de leur motivation générale pour les apprentissages, de leur motivation spécifique aux disciplines, de leur adaptation psychosociale, de même que certaines facettes de leurs relations avec leurs pairs, leurs enseignants et leurs parents. Les résultats d’analyses de variance multivariées à mesures répétées (MANOVA) et des tests univariés subséquents permettent d’observer, chez les élèves qui ont expérimenté la prolongation de cycle en co-enseignement, une augmentation de leur sentiment de compétence général vis-à-vis l’école. De plus, leurs buts de performance-évitement et leur anxiété sociale ont diminué. Chez les élèves qui ont expérimenté la prolongation de cycle avec enseignant unique, ce même sentiment de compétence vis-à-vis l’école et celui spécifique au français ont augmenté. En revanche, ces derniers s’expriment plus négativement que leurs homologues en ce qui concerne leur intérêt général envers l’école, leur sentiment d’appartenance à leur école et leurs relations avec leurs pairs. Ces résultats indiquent donc que cette mesure a un effet mitigé sur la motivation et l’adaptation psychosociale des élèves. De plus, les quelques bénéfices perçus peuvent être la conséquence du fait de se retrouver dans un environnement scolaire moins compétitif. Cela dit, il apparaît important de préciser que les enseignants qui ont testé le modèle de co-enseignement en étaient à une première expérience. Leurs pratiques sont susceptibles de se bonifier, ce qui laisse croire que des résultats plus disparates pourraient éventuellement être observés entre ces deux modèles de prolongation. Par ailleurs, la pérennité des gains observés est inconnue. En conséquence, il conviendrait de poursuivre cette étude pour être en mesure de déterminer si ceux-ci sont durables dans le temps et afin de constater la pleine mesure de l’efficacité du modèle de prolongation de co-enseignement.