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Em que é que a Antropologia pode ajudar a pensar a questão da deficiência? Esta é a interrogação, voluntariamente depurada, que orienta aqui o nosso propósito. Perguntar-nos-emos em primeiro lugar em que é que o encontro com o outro, em situação de deficiência, pode contribuir para abrir os nossos olhos e conduzirnos a discernir para além da singularidade, por vezes extrema, os universos da humanidade. Tentaremos em seguida mostrar que todo o pensamento neste domínio é ao mesmo tempo um pensamento sobre a sociedade, porque a deficiência funciona como significante social, incarnando a nossa difícil relação com os outros. Estas questões, enroladas nas profundezas das sociedades humanas, obrigam a “pensar” no que define o homem, para além da multiplicidade dos contextos. A postura antropológica convida a estabelecer o suporte, sem o qual todo o estudo comparativo, tendo em conta o social e o educativo das situações de deficiência, pode parecer desencarnado.

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This paper reviews a study to investigate the relationship between audiogram patterns and auditory disorder etiology of children at CID.

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Emotion processing deficits can cause catastrophic damage to a person's ability to interact socially. While it is known that older adults have difficulty identifying facial emotions, it is still not clear whether this difficulty extends to identification of the emotion conveyed by prosody. This study investigated whether the ability of older adults to decode emotional prosody falls below that of young adults after controlling for loss of hearing sensitivity and key features of cognitive ageing. Apart from frontal lobe load, only verbal IQ was associated with the age-related reduction in performance displayed by older participants, but a notable deficit existed after controlling for its effects. It is concluded that older adults may indeed have difficulty deducing the emotion conveyed by prosody, and that while this difficulty can be exaggerated by some aspects of cognitive ageing, it is primary in origin.

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Objective: A phytoestrogen-rich diet has been suggested to protect against a variety of common diseases but UK intake data on phytoestrogens or their food sources is sparse. This study aims to estimate the average intake of isoflavones, lignans, enterolignans and coumestrol from 7-day food diaries (7dFD), and to provide data on total isoflavone, lignan and phytoestrogen consumption by food group. Design: Development of a food composition database for twelve phytoestrogens and analysis of soya food and phytoestrogen consumption in a population-based study. Setting: Men and women, aged 40-79 years from the general population participating in EPIC-Norfolk between 1993 and 1997, with nutrient and food data from 7dFD. Subjects: A subset of 20 437 participants. Results: The median daily phytoestrogen intake for men was 1.20mg (interquartile range (IQR) 0.93-1.54 mg; mean 1.50 mg, SD 1.50 mg) and 0.89 mg for women (IQR 0.71-1.14 mg; mean 1.20 mg, SD 1.70 mg). In soya-consumers (SC), median daily intakes were higher: 2.86 mg in men (IQR – 1.30-7.27mg; mean 5.05 mg, SD 5.03 mg) and 3.14 mg in women (IQR – 1.09-7.33mg; mean 5.40 mg, SD 6.09 mg). In both men and women, bread made the greatest contribution to phytoestrogen intake – 40.7% and 35.7% respectively. In SC men and women, vegetable dishes and soya/goat’s/sheep’s milks were the main contributors – 42.6% and 18.9% in men and 38.8% and 29.1% in women, respectively. Conclusions: The ability to estimate phytoestrogen intake in Western populations more accurately will aid investigations into their suggested effects on health.