Arteterapia en el final de la vida

El arteterapia permite una aproximación creativa biográfica particularmente valiosa en la etapa final de la vida. La persona enferma presenta múltiples necesidades – físicas, emocionales, sociales y espirituales – que solo una atención holística puede pretender abarcar, tal como lo contempla la filosofía de los cuidados paliativos. El arteterapeuta integrado en el equipo interdisciplinar contribuye a aliviar y acompañar el sufrimiento del paciente y su familia. Se presentan aquí las bases teóricas y la metodología de la intervención, así como el marco sanitario en el cual se inscribe.

Consideraciones alrededor de la Danza-movimiento Terapia y sus aplicaciones en el ámbito social

El artículo presenta aspectos generales sobre la Danza Movimiento Terapia (DMT). Aborda sus orígenes históricos y su evolución en las últimas décadas. La DMT es un modelo de intervención psicoterapéutica, que comparte numerosos elementos con otras terapias creativas, y cuya singularidad se encuentra en la consideración de las manifestaciones no verbales y el movimiento creativo dentro de un proceso terapéutico. Se hace hincapié en su aspecto multidisciplinar y en su creciente aplicación en entornos sociales y educativos como un modo de promover y potenciar la salud. Finalmente, se presenta brevemente la situación actual de la profesión en España enmarcada en el contexto europeo.

Sjuksköterskans upplevelse av humorns betydelse i psykiatrisk omvårdnad - En intervjustudie

Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskan förväntas arbeta med patientens bästa i fokus och hon möter många allvarliga situationer där själva existensen står på spel och där sjuksköterskan behöver härbärgera starka känslor hos patienter och deras närstående, men också upprätthålla sin egen integritet och känslomässiga balans. Humor har visats vara ett kraftfullt men tveeggat verktyg i kommunikation och relationsbyggande. Inom psykiatrin kan detta verktyg förmodas behöva hanteras med särskilt kunskap och omsorg. Syfte: Att beskriva hur sjuksköterskan i psykiatrisk omvårdnad ser på humor som företeelse och hennes upplevelse av positiva respektive negativa effekter av att använda humor. Metod: Undersökningen utfördes med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av halvstrukturerade intervjuer med fem sjuksköterskor verksamma inom psykiatrisk omvårdnad. Resultat: Humor sågs som ett viktigt verktyg inom psykiatrisk omvårdnad som det krävdes lyhördhet, respekt, fingertoppskänsla och timing för att kunna använda. Den huvudsakliga strategin för att använda humor var öppenhet för spontant humor i mötet men det gavs även exempel på medvetna interventioner. Humor öppnade möjligheter att få se verkligheten från nya perspektiv vilket var verksamt för att förändra negativa tankar samt lätta på ångest och negativa känslor. Humor underlättade kommunikation och kunde användas för att jämna ut maktbalanser. Det fanns risk för negativa effekter om humor användes för att trycka ner andra eller som verklighetsflykt. Psykiatriska patienter uppfattades som mer sårbara och medvetenhet om hur svåra psykiska sjukdomar påverkar förmågan att uppfatta och uppskatta humor var viktig även om ett allmänt bra bemötande ansågs vara grundläggande. Slutsats: Positiva former av humor som används på ett respektfullt och inkännande sätt kan vara är ett viktigt verktyg i omvårdnaden för att möjliggöra nya perspektiv på tillvaron, ge lättnad i ångest, minska negativa känslor och tankar samt höja livskvaliteten för både patienter och personal i en verksamhet med mycket allvar.

The Idiosyncratic Body: Contemporary Clown Theory and Practice

Drawing on historical research, personal interviews, performance analysis, and my own embodied experience as a participant-observer in several clown workshops, I explore the diverse historical influences on clown theatre as it is conceived today. I then investigate how the concept of embodied knowledge is reflected in red-nose clown pedagogy. Finally, I argue that through shared embodied knowledge spectators are able to perceive and appreciate the humor of clown theatre in performance. I propose that clown theatre represents a reaction to the eroding personal connections prompted by the so-called information age, and that humor in clown theatre is a revealing index of socio-cultural values, attitudes, dispositions, and concerns.

THE TERMINATION PHASE: THERAPISTS’ PERSPECTIVE ON THE THERAPEUTIC RELATIONSHIP AND OUTCOME

The termination phase of treatment is recognized as a significant aspect of the therapy process and yet remains vastly understudied in psychotherapy literature. In the present study, therapists’ perspectives were used to examine how three elements of the therapy relationship (working alliance, real relationship and transference) during the termination phase relate to perceived client sensitivity to loss, termination phase evaluation and overall treatment outcome. Self-report data was gathered from 233 therapists, recruited from two Divisions of the American Psychological Association. Therapists completed measures for their work with a client with whom they could identify a termination phase of treatment. Results revealed that the working alliance and real relationship during the termination phase related positively to termination phase evaluation and overall treatment outcome, whereas negative transference during the termination phase related negatively to overall treatment outcome. Therapists’ perceptions of client sensitivity to loss related positively to both negative and positive transference during the termination phase. Post-hoc analyses revealed only the working alliance during the termination phase uniquely predicted overall treatment outcome in a model with the three therapy relationship elements examined together. On the other hand, all three therapy relationship variables during the termination phase uniquely predicted termination phase evaluation, when examined together. Limitations and implications of these findings are discussed, and recommendations for future study are suggested.

Narcisismo: O eco do reflexo frágil

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.

Processo de mudança em psicoterapia e o uso de sistemas de feedback: perspectiva do paciente e do terapeuta

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário

Características da supervisão existencial

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA - Instituto Universitário

Memoria en publicidad y mercadeo

La psicología y la publicidad son dos disciplinas que desde hace algunos años se han venido complementando, la publicidad es la disciplina que se ha visto beneficiada con esta alianza, ya que el principal aporte que le hace la psicología a la publicidad es poder determinar aquellos factores o estrategias que generan en el consumidor; atención, asociación entre marca y producto, para luego almacenarse en la memoria y así generar una posible conducta de compra en el individuo. Los medios de comunicación cumplen un papel muy importante, ya que son los instrumentos utilizados para la transmisión de la información publicitaria, dependiendo del medio utilizado ya sea prensa, televisión o radio, las estrategias implementadas para dar a conocer la información deben ir dirigidas al campo perceptivo, que se utiliza para recibir la información y lograr una adecuada asociación y posterior almacenamiento en la memoria. La publicidad y el mercadeo hacen uso de una prueba de evaluación; top of mind, que muestra la jerarquía de recuerdo en la memoria de los individuos ante la mención de una categoría de servicio de un producto.

Metals And (metallo)proteins Identification In Vitreous Humor Focusing On Post-mortem Biochemistry.

This work describes the evaluation of metals and (metallo)proteins in vitreous humor samples and their correlations with some biological aspects in different post-mortem intervals (1-7 days), taking into account both decomposing and non-decomposing bodies. After qualitative evaluation of the samples involving 26 elements, representative metal ions (Fe, Mg and Mo) are determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after using mini-vial decomposition system for sample preparation. A significant trend for Fe is found with post-mortem time for decomposing bodies because of a significant increase of iron concentration when comparing samples from bodies presenting 3 and 7 days post-mortem interval. An important clue to elucidate the role of metals is the coupling of liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for identification of metals linked to proteins, as well as mass spectrometry for the identification of those proteins involved in the post-mortem interval.

Análise do perfil de humor e da enzima alfa-amilase salivar em indivíduos fisicamente ativos = : Analysis of profile of mood states and salivary alpha amylase enzyme in physically active individuals

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Outcome research in psychodynamic psychotherapy: Psychological, social and neuropsychological factors

While many studies have demonstrated positive outcomes from psychotherapy when it is practiced in a controlled research environment with carefully selected (or excluded) patient groups and rigid manualised therapy sessions there is a paucity of research regarding effective outcomes from psychotherapy as it is practiced in actual clinical conditions. The aim of this series of studies was to investigate outcomes, using an effectiveness approach, from psychodynamic psychotherapy as it is practiced by private psychiatrists. Three studies were planned. The aim of Study 1 was to provide standardized baseline measures on the following dimensions • Personal Demographic Information (PDI), • Target Symptoms and Disorders (TSD) including a neuropsychological profile • Inter and Intra Personal (IIP) factors, and, • General Functioning and Quality of Life (GFQoL) factors. Study 2 aimed to examine changes in patient characteristics during the course of treatment. Thus, baseline assessments were repeated at sixmonthly intervals to determine if therapy had been effective for individual patients. A third study was planned to assess the extent to which the results of significant outcome predictors could be replicated in different patient samples. Twenty-nine psychiatrists consented to refer patients with 20 patients having completed pre therapy assessments and six and 18-month follow-up questionnaires. The presentation of this research will focus on the interesting research methodology utilized, patient demographic characteristics and on the patient changes occurring over time on the dimensions of Defence Style (DSQ), Quality of Life (WHOQOL- Bref) and the severity of depression (BDI). The patient sample included 10 male and 10 female patients, whose ages ranged from 19 years to 66 years (mean = 43 years). While seven of the patients did not meet SCID-IV criteria for a current DSM-IV Axis 1 disorder, six patients met criteria for a current mood disorder, three for panic disorder, one patient each for PTSD, alcohol abuse and dependence, and 2 patients met current criteria for multiple Axis 1 disorders. The research is ongoing.

Finding gold in our shadow: psychotherapy and the shadow syndrome

Drawing on the work of Carl Jung and Robert Bly, Yaro Starak explores how 'shadow work' can be used within a Gestalt group therapy environment to uncover the 'gold in our shadow bags' - hidden inner strengths and resources that we were previously unaware of that may lead to healing and transformation. (editor abstract)

Humor and the framing of the public sphere and public opinion in Portugal (1797-1834)

In his Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment (1784), Kant puts forward his belief that the vocation to think freely, which humankind is endowed with, is bound to make sure that “the public use of reason” will at last act “even on the fundamental principles of government and the state [will] find it agreeable to treat man – who is now more than a machine – in accord with his dignity”. The critical reference to La Mettrie (1747), by opposing the machine to human dignity, will echo, in the dawn of the 20th century, in Bergson’s attempt to explain humor. Besides being exclusive to humans, humor is also a social phenomenon. Freud (1905) assures that pleasure originated by humor is collective, it results from a “social process”: jokes need an audience, a “third party”, in order to work and have fun. Assuming humor as a social and cultural phenomenon, this paper intends to sustain that it played a role in the framing of the public sphere and of public opinion in Portugal during the transition from Absolute Monarchy to Liberalism. The search for the conditions which made possible the critical exercise of sociability is at the root of the creation of the public sphere in the sense developed by Habermas (1962), whose perspective, however, has been questioned by those who point 2 out the alleged idealism of the concept – as opposed, for example, to Bakhtin (1970), whose work stresses diversity and pluralism. This notwithstanding, the concept of public sphere is crucial to the building of public opinion, which is, in turn, indissoluble from the principle of publicity, as demonstrated by Bobbio (1985). This paper discusses the historical evolution of the concept of public opinion from Ancient Greece doxa, through Machiavelli’s “humors” (1532), the origin of the expression in Montaigne (1580) and the contributions of Hobbes (1651), Locke (1690), Swift (1729), Rousseau (1762) or Hume (1777), up to the reflection of Lippman (1922) and Bourdieu’s critique (1984). It maintains that humor, as it appears in Portuguese printed periodicals from 1797 (when Almocreve de Petas was published for the first time) to the end of the civil war (1834) – especially in those edited by José Daniel Rodrigues da Costa but also in O Piolho Viajante, by António Manuel Policarpo da Silva, or in the ones written by José Agostinho de Macedo, as well as in a political “elite minded” periodical such as Correio Braziliense –, contributed to the framing of the public sphere and of public opinion in Portugal.