An??lisis de errores y sus implicaciones did??cticas : las dificultades de aprendizaje presentes en la interlengua de estudiantes portugueses de ELE (B1)

Tesis doctoral (Universidad de Salamanca, 2011)

Materiales para la clase de espa??ol como lengua extranjera 2013 : nivel B1

Conjunto de materiales elaborados por los auxiliares de conversaci??n de Francia durante el curso 2013/2014. Recoge material did??ctico para el nivel B1 que los profesores interesados pueden descargar . La tipolog??a de los materiales es muy variada, como tambi??n lo son sus autores, y por ello las posibilidades de su utilizaci??n son diversas. Junto con los contenidos ling????sticos se asocian otros orientados a la convivencia en las aulas o al mejor conocimiento de la cultura espa??ola e hispanoamericana.

El desarrollo de la expresi??n y la interacci??n oral a trav??s del uso de estrategias de aprendizaje : an??lisis de manuales de nivel B1

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Euskararen B1 maila Lehen Hezkuntzan. Txosten orokorra. 2007ko otsaila

Existe una versi??n en espa??ol, con el t??tulo "Nivel B1 de Euskara en Educaci??n Primaria. Informe general. Febrero 2007"

Propuesta curricular de la lengua de signos espa??ola : nivel usuario independiente : B1

Esta publicaci??n de la serie de propuestas curriculares para la ense??anza, el aprendizaje y la evaluaci??n de la lengua de signos espa??ola recoge las especificaciones: objetivos, contenidos, orientaciones metodol??gicas y procedimientos de evaluaci??n para el Nivel B1, que se corresponde con el hom??nimo de la escala del MCER. Con ella se describe, en l??nea de continuidad con la entrega anterior (Niveles A1 y A2), lo que supone que los alumnos alcancen un nuevo estadio en la estructura del curr??culo de la lengua de signos espa??ola.

Drought, pod yield, pre-harvest Aspergillus infection and aflatoxin contamination on peanut in Niger

Soil moisture and soil temperature affect pre-harvest infection with Aspergillus flavus and production of aflatoxin. The objectives of our field research in Niger, West Africa, were to: (i) examine the effects of sowing date and irrigation treatments on pod yield, infection with A. flavus and aflatoxin concentration; and (ii) to quantify relations between infection, aflatoxin concentration and soil moisture stress. Seed of an aflatoxin susceptible peanut cv. JL24 was sown at two to four different sowing dates under four irrigation treatments (rainfed and irrigation at 7, 14 and 21 days intervals) between 1991 and 1994, giving 40 different 'environments'. Average air and soil temperatures of 28-34 degrees C were favourable for aflatoxin contamination. CROPGRO-peanut model was used to simulate the occurrence of moisture stress. The model was able to simulate yields of peanut well over the 40 environments (r(2) = 0.67). In general, early sowing produced greater pod yields, as well as less infection and lower aflatoxin concentration. There were negative linear relations between infection (r(2) = 0.62) and the average simulated fraction of extractable soil water (FESW) between flowering and harvest, and between aflatoxin concentration (r(2) = 0.54) and FESW in the last 25 days of pod-filling. This field study confirms that infection and aflatoxin concentration in peanut can be related to the occurrence of soil moisture stress during pod-filling when soil temperatures are near optimal for A. flavus. These relations could form the basis of a decision-support system to predict the risk of aflatoxin contamination in peanuts in similar environments. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Seed storage of Avicennia alba B1

Seeds of Avicennia alba BI. matured at high moisture content and were sensitive to desiccation: no seeds survived desiccation below 35% moisture content. The effect on survival of a factorial combination of five moist storage treatments (fresh seeds in a polyethylene bag, open with water sprayed over regularly, mixed with sand at 10% moisture content, mixed with moist paddy hulls, or naked seeds mixed with sand at 10% moisture content) and three temperatures (28-30degreesC, 17degreesC and 8-10degreesC) was investigated. In addition, seeds were mixed with sand at 5% moisture content and stored at 17degreesC in order to determine the effect of sand moisture content on seed moisture content and viability during storage. Avicennia alba showed recalcitrant seed storage behaviour, but 75% of the seeds remained viable after four months' moist (45-47% moisture content) storage in 10% moisture content sand at 17degreesC.

Forced expression of the cyclin B1-CDC2 complex induces proliferation in adult rat cardiomyocytes

Repair of the mature mammalian myocardium following injury is impaired by the inability of the majority of cardiomyocytes to undergo cell division. We show that overexpression of the cyclin B1-CDC2 (cell division cycle 2 kinase) complex re-initiates cell division in adult cardiomyocytes. Thus strategies targeting the cyclin B1-CDC2 complex might re-initiate cell division in mature cardiomyocytes in vivo and facilitate myocardial regeneration following injury.

Survey of aflatoxin M1 in cheese from the North-east region of Sao Paulo, Brazil

In the present study, 24 samples of Minas Frescal cheese and 24 samples of Minas Padrao cheese produced in the North-east region of the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, were analysed for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) between March and August 2008. AFM1 was detected in 13 (27.1%) samples at concentrations ranging from 0.037 to 0.313 ng g-1. The mean concentrations of AFM1 in positive samples of Minas Frescal and Minas Padrao cheese were 0.142 +/- 0.118 and 0.118 +/- 0.054 ng g-1, respectively. It is concluded that the incidence of AFM1 in Minas cheese may contribute to an increase in the overall ingestion of aflatoxins in the diet, hence indicating the need for the adoption of a tolerance limit for AFM1 in cheese in Brazil.

Evaluation of Fungal Burden and Aflatoxin Presence in Packed Medicinal Plants Treated by Gamma Radiation

This study was developed to evaluate the fungal burden, toxigenic molds, and mycotoxin contamination and to verify the effects of gamma radiation in four kinds of medicinal plants stored before and after 30 days of irradiation treatment. Eighty samples of medicinal plants (Peumus boldus, Camellia sinensis, Maytenus ilicifolia. and Cassia angustifolia) purchased from drugstores, wholesale, and open-air markets in Sao Paulo city, Brazil, were analyzed. The samples were treated using a (60)Co gamma ray source (Gammacell) with doses of 5 and 10 kGy. Nonirradiated samples were used as controls of fungal isolates. For enumeration of fungi on medicinal plants, serial dilutions of the samples were plated in duplicate onto dichloran 18% glycerol agar. The control samples revealed a high burden of molds, including toxigenic fungi. The process of gamma radiation was effective in reducing the number of CFU per gram in all irradiated samples of medicinal plants after 30 days of storage, using a dose of 10 kGy and maintaining samples in a protective package. No aflatoxins were detected. Gamma radiation treatment can be used as an effective method for preventing fungal deterioration of medicinal plants subject to long-term storage.

Níveis urinários de TGF-B1 em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 : impacto da hipertensão arterial sistêmica

Resumo não disponível.

Performance and egg quality of laying hens fed diets containing aflatoxin, fumonisin and adsorbent

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Effects of prolonged oral administration of fumonisin B(1) and aflatoxin B(1) in rats

The effects of prolonged oral administration (21 days) of fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) and aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)) were evaluated on male Wistar rats. The animals were housed in individual metabolic cages and submitted to the following treatments: 1-0 mug AFB(1) + 0 mg FB(1)/100g bw.; 2-72 mug AFB(1)+ 0 mg FB(1)/100 g bw; 3-0 mug AFB(1) + 0.5 mg FB(1) g bw; 4-0 mug AFB(1) + 1.5 mg FB(1)/100 g bw; 5-72 mug AFB(1) + 0.5 mg FB(1)/100g bw; 6-72 mu gAFB(1) + 1.5 mg FB(1)/100g bw. on day 21, the rats were sacrificed for evaluation. The results showed that treated animals presented differences in body weight and absolute/relative weights of liver and kidney as well as altered hepatic function and cholesterol blood levels. Rats fed with the greatest doses of AFB(1) and FB(1) gained less weight (2.79 g/day) at the end of the experimental period; their blood concentrations of liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) were above control levels (130.35 mu /l and 471.00 mu /l, respectively). Blood cholesterol increased in the groups treated with the highest dose of FB(1) or FB(1) associated with AFB(1). Histopathology revealed the occurrence of apoptosis in the liver of rats exposed to FB(1). The association of aflatoxin B(1) with fumonisin B(1) at higher dose probably potentiated the effects of the higher dose of fumonisin B(1)acting singly.