REVISTING A CHIMBOTE – TRANSLATION CULTURAL IN ARGUEDAS

José María Arguedas was a privileged peruvian writer for knowing two worlds, two cultures. His book El Zorro de arriba y el Zorro de abajo is one of the most unique and emblematic of Latin American literature. As a cultural mediator, Arguedas chronicles the changes in Chimbote. This microcosm is recognized by the reader through the polyphony of voices and records of their marginal characters. His cultural translation excels revealing their heterogeneity. In the book of Arguedas, as in life, is exposed the impossibility of harmonious coexistence between the two cultures. Through the position of Arguedas and opinions Moreiras, question the Rama theory of transculturation. Through an ethical stance, Arguedas is considered one of the most representative writers of the Andean context and Latin América.

ÁGUA VIVA: UM ROMANCE LÍRICO DE CLARICE LISPECTOR

In Água viva, text of Clarice Lispector, published in 1973, stays evident the encounter of the poetry with the fiction prose, forming a unity. This article aims to investigate how this encounter occurs and to demonstrate the ways by which the poetry interlaces with the fiction narrative, in other words, how the process of fusion of the categories of the narrative with the lyric modes occurs, resulting in the hybridism of the narrative genre, in the lyric novel. In fact, the narrative categories, in the end, surrender to the appeals of the lyric poetry, making the work hybrid. Inspired in the existentialist´s theories of Martin Heidegger and of Jean-Paul-Sartre, the Lispector´s text undertakes a questioning concerning the existence, trying to understand the human condition. Themost intimate questionings and the deepest emotions, belonging to the abysmal part of the ‘dasein’, can not be expressed by the common speech. The characters, in the impossibility of express, by the use of common words, their existential anguish, utilizes a language permeated by the own resources of the poetry, trying to embrace all the aspects of their subjectivity. The characters assume, then, a poetic-lyric discourse, highly suggestive. It is there that the prose allows to be invaded by the poetry and it is how occurs the establishment, in the text, of the union between prose and poetry. The literary overtakes thereby the common discourse and configures itself in an artistic speech. To make possible the work of analysis, some theorists of the matter are convoked such as Ralph Freedman and Rosa Maria Goulart, as other studious of Lispector´s work.

The (Disen) Chant (ment) of the Bird: Memory and Testimony in Cacaso´s verses

The purpose of this text is to reflect on some of Antônio Carlos Ferreira de Brito (Cacaso)´s verses aiming to demonstrate not only their oscillations, but also how they are fundamentally related to the moment of production. The excess of reality - conceived as trauma – it is hard to be assimilated and it is revealed in some poems. Wounded-poems that testify about the impossibility of saying at the same time they are the evidence of the necessity of telling. Telling to, cathartically, expel the pain and release the traumatic memory. Resistance to remembering and facing the pain cross this poetic path and suggest how they both are almost irreconcilable. Some concepts like trauma, memory and testimony will be elucidated.        

LES FLEURS DU MAL AND EU: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS UNDER THE FINITENESS OF THE FLESH

The theme of death will be approached, relating the finiteness of the flesh and the fullness of the being as the main focus of the topic , analyzing aspects in the poetry of the canons of world literature, Baudelaire and Augusto dos Anjos, pointing the confluences between the authors and the points that they converge, related to the theme in question. To do so, poems taken from Les Fleurs du Mal ( 1857 ) and Eu (1912 ) related to the theme of death will serve as the basis for this essay. Many are the poems of both authors that address the theme of death, the finiteness of the flesh and the possible fullness of being. Thus, only a few compositions were selected for analysis, for the impossibility of extending the theme at this moment. The poems chosen for analysis are Une Charogne and Remords Posthume, by Charles Baudelaire, published in Les Fleurs Du Mal in 1857, and “Apóstrofe à carne” and “A pecadora”, by Augusto dos Anjos, published in “Eu” in 1912. One will try, then, in this essay, to make an interpretation of these compositions, as well as examine some figures of speech and aesthetic resources used by the poets over the poems.

TO BREASTFEED: TO WHOM IS THIS DECISION?

This paper aims to provoke a reflection, in the light of Discourse Analysis, on advertising campaigns in defense of breastfeeding. We understand that a discussion on this discourse, which is becoming more popular in society, deserves a review, especially when the subject seems to transpose the field of the debatable, since it is given as non-controversial. What stands as problematic – which does not relate to the benefits of breastfeeding – is the existence, in these campaigns, of a social problem concerning the treatment that the female body receives when public policies come into play, taking as their responsibility a choice that should be left exclusively to women. The discussion focuses on a discursive practice of expropriation of the mother’s own body when public authorities unilaterally support the discourse of breastfeeding, publicly exposing, through the unsaid, the women who, by choice or impossibility, do not breastfeed. This discursive order conveys questionable judgments on the good mother (the one who gives herself entirely to maternity) and the bad mother (the one who, by choosing not to breastfeed, is seen as less dedicated to the child and, even worse, as the one that deprives her child of better health). The campaigns that comprise the corpus of this study reveal silencing practices that cause a complex process of non-autonomy of women over their own bodies.