35 resultados para Internationalizing the Business Curriculum, International Human Resource Management

em Doria (National Library of Finland DSpace Services) - National Library of Finland, Finland


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The objective of this study was to increase understanding of the link between the identification of required HR competences and competence management alignment with business strategy in a Finnish, global company employing over 8,000 people and about 100 HR professionals. This aim was approached by analyzing the data collected in focus group interviews using a grounded theory method and in parallel reviewing the literature of strategic human resource management, competence-based strategic management, strategy and foresight. The literature on competence management in different contexts dismisses in-depth discussions on the foresight process and individuals are often forgotten in strategic frameworks. However, corporate foresight helps in the detection of emerging opportunities for innovations and in the implementation of strategy. The empirical findings indicate a lack of strategic leadership and an alignment with HR and business. Accordingly, the most important HR competence areas identified were the need for increasing business understanding and enabling change. As a result, the study provided a holistic model for competence foresight, which introduces HR professionals as strategic change agents in the role of organizational futurists at the heart of the company: facilitating competence foresight and competence development on individual as well as organizational levels, resulting in an agile organization with increased business understanding, sensitive sensors and adaptive actions to enable change.

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This research focuses on the career experiences of women managers in the IT industry in China and Finland, two countries with different cultures, policies, size of population, and social and economic structures regarding work-life support and equal opportunities. The object of this research is to present a cross-cultural comparison of women’s career experiences and how women themselves understand and account for their careers. The study explores how the macro and the micro levels of cultural and social processes become manifested in the lives of individual women. The main argument in this thesis is that culture plays a crucial role in making sense of women’s career experiences, although its role should be understood through its interrelationship with other social processes, e.g., institutional relations, social policies, industrial structures and organizations, as well as globalization. The interrelationship of a series of cultural and social processes affects individuals’ attitudes to, and arrangement and organization of, their work and family lives. This thesis consists of two parts. The first part introduces the research topic and discusses the overall results. The second part comprises five research papers. The main research question of the study is: How do cultural and social processes affect the experiences of women managers? Quantitative and qualitative research methods, which include in-depth interviews, Q-methodology, interpretive analysis, and questionnaires, are used in the study. The main theoretical background is culturally sensitive career theory and the theory of individual differences. The results of this study are viewed through a feminist lens. The research methodology applied allows new explorations on how demographic factors, work experiences, lifestyle issues, and organizational cultures can jointly affect women’s managerial careers. The sample group used in the research is 42 women managers working in IT companies in China (21) and Finland (21). The results of the study illustrate the impact of history, tradition, culture, institutional relations, social politics, industry and organizations, and globalization on the careers of women managers. It is claimed that the role of culture – cultural norms within nations and organizations – is of great importance in the relationship of gender and work. Women’s managerial careers are affected by multiple factors (personal, social and cultural) reflecting national and inter-individual differences. The results of the study contribute to research on careers, adding particularly to the literature on gender, work and culture, and offering a complex and holistic perspective for a richer understanding of pluralism and global diversity. The results of the study indicate how old and new career perspectives are evidenced in women managers in the IT industry. The research further contributes to an understanding of women’s managerial careers from a cross-culture perspective. In addition, the study contributes to the literature on culture and extends understanding of Hofstede’s work. Further, most traditional career theories do not perceive the importance of culture in determining an individual’s career experience and this study richens understanding of women managers’ careers and has considerable implications for international human resource management. The results of this study emphasize the need, when discussing women managers’ careers, to understand the ways by which gendering is produced rather than merely examining gender differences. It is argued that the meaning of self-knowledge is critical. Further, the environment where the careers under study develop differs greatly; China and Finland are very different – culturally, historically and socially. The findings of this study should, therefore, be understood as a holistic, specific, and contextually-bound.

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UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System), esimerkkinä kolmannen sukupolven matkapuhelinjärjestelmästä pyrkii toistamaan GSM:n (Global System for Mobile Communications) menestyksen. UMTS:n kaupallinen toiminta on parhaillaan alkamassa ja ensimmäinen kaupallinen verkko on jo aloittanut toimintansa Japanissa. Tämä diplomityö antaa yleiskuvan UMTS:stä keskittyen radioverkkojärjestelmän (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network,UTRAN) radioresurssien hallintaan (Radio Resource Management, RRM). Työssä kuvataan radiorajapintojen toimintaa, mutta diplomityön pääaiheena on kuitenkin radioresurssien hallinta UMTS radioaliverkkojärjestelmien ylitse. Radioresurssien hallinta pitää sisällään joukon proseduureja, jotka vaikuttavat koko UTRAN:in rakenteen lävitse. On hyvin tärkeää saavuttaa oikea toiminnallisuus hajautettujen radioresurssien hallintaan jotta voitaisiin saavuttaa paras yhteyden laatu loppukäyttäjälle. Työssä käydään yksityiskohtaisesti lävitse radioresurssien hallinnan perusperiaatteet ja joukko proseduureja. RNSAP (Radio Network Subsystem Application Part) protokollaa tarkastellaan työssä esimerkkinä protokollasta joka osallistuu radioresurssien hallintaprosessiin.

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Tutkielman aiheena on henkilöstövoimavarojen strateginen johtaminen toimitusketjussa. Tavoitteena on selvittää henkilöstövoimavarojen johtamisen ja toimitusketjujen hallinnan välistä suhdetta ja sitä, minkälaisilla henkilöstöresurssien hallinnan keinoilla voidaan tehostaa yrityksen toimitusketjuja ja parantaa sen kilpailukykyä markkinoilla. Tutkimuksessa on otettu huomioon myös liiketoimintaympäristön jatkuvasti muuttuvan luonteen vaikutus organisaatioiden henkilöstöresurssien ja toimitusketjujen hallintaan. Tavoitteena on lisäksi kartoittaa ne johtajien ja hankinnan ammattilaisten ominaispiirteet, jotka ovat edellytyksenä tuloksekkaaseen toimintaan modernissa liiketoiminnassa. Tutkimus on luonteeltaan kvalitatiivinen eli laadullinen tutkimus ja siinä on käytetty hyväksi teoriatriangulaation menetelmää kuvailtaessa toimitusketjuja henkilöstövoimavarojen keinoin. Tutkimuksessa muodostetaan henkilöstöresurssien hallinnan ja toimitusketjujen hallinnan teoriakokonaisuuksista synteesi, joka kuvaa niitä henkilöstöstrategisia erityispiirteitä, joita toimitusketjujen hallintaan sisältyy.

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The purpose of this research was to provide a deeper insight into the consequences of electronic human resource management (e-HRM) for line managers. The consequences are viewed as used information system (IS) potentials pertaining to the moderate voluntaristic category of consequences. Due to the need to contextualize the research and draw on line managers’ personal experiences, a qualitative approach in a case study setting was selected. The empirical part of the research is loosely based on literature on HRM and e-HRM and it was conducted in an industrial private sector company. In this thesis, method triangulation was utilized, as nine semi-structured interviews, conducted in a European setting, created the main method for data collection and analysis. Other complementary data such as HRM documentation and statistics of e-HRM system usage were utilized as background information to help to put the results into context. E-HRM has partly been taken into use in the case study company. Line managers tend to use e-HRM when a particular task requires it, but they are not familiar with all the features and possibilities which e-HRM has to offer. The advantages of e-HRM are in line with the company’s goals. The advantages are e.g. an transparency of data, process consistency, and having an efficient and easy-to-use tool at one’s disposal. However, several unintended, even contradictory, and mainly negative outcomes can also be identified, such as over-complicated processes, in-security in use of the tool, and the lack of co-operation with HR professionals. The use of e-HRM and managers’ perceptions regarding e-HRM affect the way in which managers perceive the consequences of e-HRM on their work. Overall, the consequences of e-HRM are divergent, even contradictory. The managers who considered e-HRM mostly beneficial to their work found that e-HRM affects their work by providing information and increasing efficiency. Those managers who mostly perceived challenges in e-HRM did not think that e-HRM had affected their role or their work. Even though the perceptions regarding e-HRM and its consequences might reflect the strategies, the distribution of work, and the ways of working in all HRM in general and can’t be generalized as such, this research contributed to the field of e-HRM and it provides new perspectives to e-HRM in the case study organization and in the academic field in general.

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In R&D organizations multiple projects are executed concurrently. Problems arises in managing shared resources since they are needed by multiple projects simultaneously. The objective of this thesis was to study how the project and resource management could be developed in a public sector R&D organization. The qualitative research was carried out in the Magnetic Measurements section at CERN where the section measures magnets for particle accelerators and builds state of the art measurement devices for various needs. Hence, the R&D and measurement projects are very time consuming and very complex. Based on the previous research and the requirements from the organization the best alter- native for resource management was to build a project management information system. A centralized database was constructed and on top of it was built an application for interacting and visualizing the project data. The application allows handling project data, which works as a basis for resource planning before and during the projects are executed. It is one way to standardize the work-flow of projects, which strengthens the project process. Additionally, it was noted that the inner customer’s database, the measurement system and the new application needed to be integrated. Further integration ensures that the project data is received efficiently from customers and available not only within the application but also during the concrete work. The research results introduced a new integrated application, which centralizes the project information flow with better visibility.

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Tämän tutkielman tavoitteena on tarkastella kuinka oppilaitosyhteistyöllä muodostetaan henkilöstö- ja osaamisresursseja kohdeorganisaatiossa. Tutkielma on laadullinen tutkimus, joka tutkii oppilaitosyhteistyötä caseyrityksessä. Oppilaitosyhteistyön teoreettinen viitekehys muodostuu henkilöstövoimavarojen johtamisen keskeisistä elementeistä ja niiden välisistä yhteyksistä. Tutkielman empiirinen aineisto on kerätty tekemällä teemahaastatteluja. Aineiston analyysi toteutuu teorian ja empirian välisen vuorovaikutuksen kautta. Tuloksien mukaan oppilaitosyhteistyön merkitys organisaatioiden uusien henkilöstö- ja osaamisresurssien muodostamisessa kasvaa tulevaisuudessa. Tällöin oppilaitosyhteistyön tärkein tehtävä on toimia osana organisaation ennakoivaa rekrytointia ja tukea tehtyjä strategisia valintoja. Keskeisintä oppilaitosyhteistyössä on silloin, että sitä tehdään eikä kuinka sitä tehdään. Tämä tutkimus havainnollistaa kuinka käytännöllä ja teorialla on joskus tapana erota toisistaan. Oppilaitosyhteistyö näyttää olevan teoreettisessa mielessä paljon tärkeämpää kuin käytännössä, vaikka todellisuudessa se taitaa olla toisinpäin.

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Tässä työssä on tarkasteltu työyhteisön hyvinvointia ja työilmapiiriä tulehduttavia tekijöitä case yrityksessä. Tutkielman tavoitteena on ollut löytää tiedonkulun ja tiimityöskentelyn ongelmiin ratkaisuja. Tutkimusmenetelmänä on käytetty laadullista tutkimusta ja empiirinen materiaali koostuu avoimen anonyymi-kyselyn vastauksien sisällöstä. Kyselyn tuloksista merkittävimmiksi ongelma-alueiksi työyhteisössä muodostuivat tiedonkulun heikkous ja keskinäisen arvostuksen puute. Erityisen positiivisiksi asioiksi työntekijät kokivat fyysisen työturvallisuuden ja luottamuksen työn jatkuvuuteen. Henkilöstövoimavarojen johtamisen vaatimusten kasvaessa muuttuvan liiketoiminnan mukana on erityisesti pienien pk-yrityksen kiinnitettävä huomiota henkilöstöosaston toimintaan ja työlainsäädännön vaateisiin. Yritysten yhä enemmän panostaessa ydinosaamiseensa, korostuu henkilöstöhankinnassa ja henkilöstöjohtamisessa alan erityisosaajien sitouttaminen. Nykypäivänä työntekijät eivät enää motivoidu ainoastaan palkan suuruudesta, vaan vaativat sitoutumisensa vastapainoksi työhyvinvointiin panostamista. Huonon työilmapiirin vallitessa ihmiset alkavat helposti suhtautua työhön ulkokohtaisesti eivätkä halua jakaa omaamaansa tietoa muille.

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Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on tutkia Lappeenrannan kaupungin henkilöstöraportointia ja auttaa sen kehittämistyössä siten, että se vastaisi paremmin toimialojen käytännön henkilöstöjohdollisia tarpeita. Nykyisellään henkilöstöstä tuotettua informaatiota voidaan pitää toimialojen johdon näkökulmasta puutteellisena ja vanhentuneena. Tavoitteena on täten auttaa kaupunkia kehittämään raportointityövälineitään vastaamaan nykyistä paremmin reaaliaikaisiin johdollisiin tarpeisiin kartoittamalla eri toimialojen henkilöstöraportointiin liittyviä toiveita. Teoriaosassa käsitellään henkisen ja aineettoman pääoman ulottuvuuksia, henkilöstövoimavarojen johtamisen toimintakenttää sekä henkilöstövoimavarojen raportointia. Empiirisessä osassa keskitytään Lappeenrannan kaupunkiin, sen henkilöstöraportoinnin nykytilaan ja mahdollisiin kehittämisehdotuksiin. Luonteeltaan tutkimusta voidaan pitää laadullisena tapaustutkimuksena, joka sisältää sekä deskriptiivisiä että normatiivisia piirteitä. Tutkimuksen perusteella havaitaan, ettei henkilöstöraportointi nykyisellään täysin vastaa esimiesten tarpeita, vaan sitä tulisi kehittää sekä sisällöllisesti että käytettyjen raportointivälineiden osalta joustavammaksi toimialojen erityispiirteitä huomioivaksi kokonaisuudeksi.

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Today’s international business in highly related to crossing national, cultural and linguistic borders making communication and linguistic skills a vital part of the trade. The purpose of the study is to understand the role of linguistic skills in trust creation in international business relationships. Subobjectives are to discuss the importance of linguistic skills in international business context, to evaluate the strategic value of trust in business relationships and to analyze the extent to which linguistic skills affect trust formation. The scope is restricted to business-to-business markets. The theoretical background consists of different theories and previous studies related to trust and linguistic skills. Based on the theory a new LTS-framework is created to demonstrate a process model of linguistic skills affecting trust creation in international B2B relationships. This study is qualitative using interviews as a data collection method. Altogether eleven interviews were conducted between October 2014 and February 2015. All of the interviewees worked for organizations operating in the field of international business in B2B markets, spoke multiple languages and had a lot of experience in sales and negotiations. This study confirms that linguistic skills are an important part of international business. In many organizations English is used as lingua franca. However, there are several benefits of speaking the mother tongue of the customer. It makes people feel more relaxed and it makes the relationship more intimate and allows to continue developing it at a more personal level. From the strategic point of view trust creates competitive advantage to a company adding strategic value to the business. The data also supported the view that linguistic skills definitely impact the trust formation process. Quickness and easiness could be stated as the main benefits. It was seen that trust forms faster because both parties understand each other better and they become more open about information sharing within a shorter period of time. These findings and the importance of linguistic skills in trust creation should be acknowledged by organizations, especially regarding the human resource management. Boundary spanners are in key positions so special attention should be put into hiring and educating employees which then take care of company’s relationships. Eventually, these benefits are economical and affect to the profitability of the organization