16 resultados para ASN
em Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya (CSUC), Spain
Resumo:
We model the joint production of entrepreneurs and workers where the former provide both entrepreneurial (strategic) and managerial (coordination, motivation) services, and management services are shared with individual workers in an output maximizing way. The static equilibrium of the model determines the endogenous share of entrepreneurs in the economy in a given moment of time. The time dynamics of the solution implies that a given growth rate in quality of entrepreneurial services contributes to productivity growth proportionally to the share of entrepreneurs at the start of the period and improvement in quality of entrepreneurial services is convergence enhancing. Model predictions are tested with data from OECD countries in the period 1970-2002. We find that improvements in quality of entrepreneurial services over time explain up to 100% of observed average productivity growth in these countries.
Resumo:
Trabajo de investigación presentado en la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona y publicado por el CEO (UAB). Analiza el trasfondo político de los Juegos, su organización y celebración, el uso de la propaganda y la respuesta de Barcelona con la organización de la Olimpíada Popular.
Resumo:
Report for the scientific sojourn carried out at the Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona of the CSIC –state agency – from april until september 2007. Topoisomerase I is an essential nuclear enzyme that modulates the topological status of DNA, facilitating DNA helix unwinding during replication and transcription. We have prepared the oligonucleotide-peptide conjugate Ac-NLeu-Asn-Tyr(p-3’TTCAGAAGC5’)-LeuC-CONH-(CH2)6-OH as model compound for NMR studies of the Topoisomerase I- DNA complex. Special attention was made on the synthetic aspects for the preparation of this challenging compound especially solid supports and protecting groups. The desired peptide was obtained although we did not achieve the amount of the conjugate needed for NMR studies. Most probably the low yield is due to the intrinsic sensitive to hydrolysis of the phosphate bond between oligonucleotide and tyrosine. We have started the synthesis and the structural characterization of oligonucleotides carrying intercalating compounds. At the present state we have obtained model duplex and quadruplex sequences modified with acridine and NMR studies are underway. In addition to this project we have successfully resolved the structure of a fusion peptide derived from hepatitis C virus envelope synthesized by the group of Dr. Haro and we have synthesized and started the characterization of a modified G-quadruplex.
Resumo:
Social capital is viewed either as a proprietary asset that serves private interests, including those of entrepreneurs, or as a collective asset that supports trust-based transactions saving on transaction costs both in markets and within the boundaries of firms, and benefiting society as a whole. This paper explains the relative specialization between entrepreneurs and market-governed exchanges as a result of the interaction between social capital that lowers transaction costs, and the scale economies of ability in managerial jobs (Lucas 1978). The main hypothesis formulated in the paper is that higher social capital will benefit the hierarchy relatively more than the market as a governance mechanism, and therefore in economies with higher social capital, the equilibrium number of entrepreneurs will be lower and their average span of control larger than in economies with lower social capital. The empirical evidence, with data from the Spanish Autonomous Communities, is consistent with this prediction.
Resumo:
Les actuacions de bombers en operatius d'extinció d'incendis, habitualment es fan per inèrcies històriques. Ara, si diem: “Per a l'extinció d'un incendi de un vehicle heu d'estacionar l’autobomba a una certa distància, pendent amunt i a contravent, refrigerar a distància el vehicle amb con d'atac, i evitar els extrems del vehicle”, segurament més d'un pensarà o expressarà en veu alta “Això deu ser una broma, oi? Si hem estat apagant cotxes cada dia a la nostra manera… quin és el problema?". Bé, doncs n’hi ha uns quants, de problemes. Podem considerar un incendi en un vehicle com una bomba de temps amb un ble que s'encén abans de l'arribada de la dotació de bombers. Les actuacions inicials en aquests incendis han de centrar-se en la desactivació d'aquesta metxa. Els incendis en vehicles presenten una múltiple varietat perills reals. Els canvis en el disseny i la construcció d'automòbils exigeixen un canvi en la manera com els serveis de bombers s’enfronten als incendis de vehicles. Els nous materials i components incorporats a la indústria automobilística s'han traduït en un millor rendiment, una major economia de combustible, una millor resistència al xoc i en una reducció de les emissions de gasos. Malauradament, alguns d'aquests mateixos materials i components fan que l’extinció d’un automòbil modern sigui més difícil i perillosa que en vehicles més vells. En l’actualitat, un incendi d’un vehicle comporta més fums, més toxicitat, més temperatura, elements sotmesos a pressió, risc de projecció d’elements i la possibilitat d’energies alternatives... en definitiva, molts més riscos. Per donar una resposta adequada a aquest augment del risc, organitzativament cal augmentar les mesures preventives de seguretat, i operativament cal una estratègia d’extinció més cautelosa, tàctiques menys agressives i un major nivell de protecció personal.
Resumo:
Purpose: To describe (1) the clinical profiles and the patterns of use of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia at risk of nonadherence with oral antipsychotics, and in those who started treatment with LAI antipsychotics, (2) health care resource utilization and associated costs. Patients and methods: A total of 597 outpatients with schizophrenia at risk of nonadherence, according to the psychiatrist's clinical judgment, were recruited at 59 centers in a noninterventional prospective observational study of 1-year follow-up when their treatment was modified. In a post hoc analysis, the profiles of patients starting LAI or continuing with oral antipsychotics were described, and descriptive analyses of treatments, health resource utilization, and direct costs were performed in those who started an LAI antipsychotic. Results: Therapy modifications involved the antipsychotic medications in 84.8% of patients, mostly because of insufficient efficacy of prior regimen. Ninety-two (15.4%) patients started an LAI antipsychotic at recruitment. Of these, only 13 (14.1%) were prescribed with first-generation antipsychotics. During 1 year, 16.3% of patients who started and 14.9% of patients who did not start an LAI antipsychotic at recruitment relapsed, contrasting with the 20.9% who had been hospitalized only within the prior 6 months. After 1 year, 74.3% of patients who started an LAI antipsychotic continued concomitant treatment with oral antipsychotics. The mean (median) total direct health care cost per patient per month during the study year among the patients starting any LAI antipsychotic at baseline was 1,407 ( 897.7). Medication costs (including oral and LAI antipsychotics and concomitant medication) represented almost 44%, whereas nonmedication costs accounted for more than 55% of the mean total direct health care costs. Conclusion: LAI antipsychotics were infrequently prescribed in spite of a psychiatrist-perceived risk of nonadherence to oral antipsychotics. Mean medication costs were lower than nonmedication costs.
Resumo:
Este artículo hace referencia a la evaluación de la integración escolar realizada desde un macroprograma en un sector amplio de Cataluña y a la evaluación de tres macroprogramas de integración realizada por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia en diferentes comunidades autónomas. Desde los cuatro programas evaluados se han puesto en evidencia amplias lagunas y carencias, al igual que otros aspectos que se encuentran en proceso de consolidación y otros que han adquirido una alta madurez. En estos últimos años se ha puesto de manifiesto la obsesión compulsiva por integrar, relegando, secundariamente, la necesidad de evaluar el proceso de integración para reconducir o mejorar dimensiones viciadas por la rutina o realizadas sin una justificación conceptual sólida.
Resumo:
En aquest article es realitza una descripció històrica i una crítica de les diferents tendències que ha seguit l'estudi i desenvolupament de les teoríes psicomotrius en la infància, així com una proposta que enfoca la psicomotricitat des d'un plantejament bàsicament preventiu i educador.
Resumo:
La falta de consens davant la promulgació de la Llei Orgànica de la Qualitat de l'Educació (LOCE) oculta el fracàs de nombrosos elements del sistema educatiu, especialment el de la formació del Professorat i la seva dignificació, factors essencials per a produïr un canvi positiu en el teixit educatiu. Les Tecnologíes de la Informació i Comunicació (TIC) poden jugar un paper molt important, com agents del canvi, en un sistema educatiu que ha de rompre fronteres lingüístiques i culturals. El Professor, mitjançant l'ús i domini de les TIC, pot impulsar una educació més reflexiva per a resoldre situacions en permanent transformació. La falta de previsió política ha disminuit l'interès en el professorat per assumir aquest repte i la LOCE no contempla el pes que les TIC tenen i tendran en el canvi profund que s'està generant en el nostre alumnat.
Resumo:
La prótesis maxilofacial comprende aquellos dispositivos artificiales que restauran una parte ausente de la cara, debido a tumores, traumatismos, o como resultado de una anomalía congénita. El objetivo de este artículo es la exposición de un caso clínico que precisaba la confección de una prótesis óculo-palpebral tras sufrir una pérdida de sustancia por causa oncológica. Este tipo de prótesis son de las más difíciles de elaborar con buenos resultados pues intentan reconstruir un órgano móvil con una prótesis estática. La prótesis maxilofacial tiene la finalidad de aumentar la calidad de vida del paciente y ayudar a la seguridad emocional de los mismos, quedando así rehabilitados para poder integrarse nuevamente en la sociedad.
Resumo:
En el present estudi es descriu l'experiència de la implantació dels PGS en la comunitat de Castella-La Manxa, partint d'un marc conceptual en el que es descriuen les modalitats i característiques de programes. Es detallen les dades obtingudes mitjançant d'un estudi empíric que ofereix informació sobre els diferents agents (professorat, alumnes, famílies) que concurreixen en tals Programes de Garantía Social.
Resumo:
Purpose: To describe (1) the clinical profiles and the patterns of use of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in patients with schizophrenia at risk of nonadherence with oral antipsychotics, and in those who started treatment with LAI antipsychotics, (2) health care resource utilization and associated costs. Patients and methods: A total of 597 outpatients with schizophrenia at risk of nonadherence, according to the psychiatrist's clinical judgment, were recruited at 59 centers in a noninterventional prospective observational study of 1-year follow-up when their treatment was modified. In a post hoc analysis, the profiles of patients starting LAI or continuing with oral antipsychotics were described, and descriptive analyses of treatments, health resource utilization, and direct costs were performed in those who started an LAI antipsychotic. Results: Therapy modifications involved the antipsychotic medications in 84.8% of patients, mostly because of insufficient efficacy of prior regimen. Ninety-two (15.4%) patients started an LAI antipsychotic at recruitment. Of these, only 13 (14.1%) were prescribed with first-generation antipsychotics. During 1 year, 16.3% of patients who started and 14.9% of patients who did not start an LAI antipsychotic at recruitment relapsed, contrasting with the 20.9% who had been hospitalized only within the prior 6 months. After 1 year, 74.3% of patients who started an LAI antipsychotic continued concomitant treatment with oral antipsychotics. The mean (median) total direct health care cost per patient per month during the study year among the patients starting any LAI antipsychotic at baseline was 1,407 ( 897.7). Medication costs (including oral and LAI antipsychotics and concomitant medication) represented almost 44%, whereas nonmedication costs accounted for more than 55% of the mean total direct health care costs. Conclusion: LAI antipsychotics were infrequently prescribed in spite of a psychiatrist-perceived risk of nonadherence to oral antipsychotics. Mean medication costs were lower than nonmedication costs.
Resumo:
Legumes such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) are vital N2-fixing crops accounting for a global N2 fixation of ~35 MtNyear-1. Although enzymatic and molecular mechanisms of nodule N2 fixation are now well documented, some uncertainty remains as to whether N2 fixation is strictly coupled with photosynthetic carbon fixation. That is, the metabolic origin and redistribution of carbon skeletons used to incorporate nitrogen are still relatively undefined. Here, we conducted isotopic labelling with both 15N2 and 13C-depleted CO2 on alfalfa plants grown under controlled conditions and took advantage of isotope ratio mass spectrometry to investigate the relationship between carbon and nitrogen turn-over in respired CO2, total organic matter and amino acids. Our results indicate that CO2 evolved by respiration had an isotopic composition similar to that in organic matter regardless of the organ considered, suggesting that the turn-over of respiratory pools strictly followed photosynthetic input. However, carbon turn-over was nearly three times greater than N turn-over in total organic matter, suggesting that new organic material synthesised was less N-rich than pre-existing organic material (due to progressive nitrogen elemental dilution) or that N remobilisation occurred to sustain growth. This pattern was not consistent with the total commitment into free amino acids where the input of new C and N appeared to be stoichiometric. The labelling pattern in Asn was complex, with contrasted C and N commitments in different organs, suggesting that neosynthesis and redistribution of new Asn molecules required metabolic remobilisation. We conclude that the production of new organic material during alfalfa growth depends on both C and N remobilisation in different organs. At the plant level, this remobilisation is complicated by allocation and metabolism in the different organs. Additional keywords: carbon exchange, carbon isotopes, nitrogen fixation, nitrogen 15 isotope
Resumo:
Las reformas de la LOE (2006), aprobadas por el Gobierno español, pretenden paliar el nivel de 'fracaso escolar' dentro del sistema educativo. Desde nuestro posicionamiento, ha faltado consenso para corregir las disfunciones que han sido denunciadas por las familias, el alumnado y el profesorado; más en concreto, me estoy refiriendo al fracaso de muchos elementos del sistema educativo como son la formación del profesorado para un cambio de estilo y método de trabajo apoyado en las TIC. En las últimas décadas se ha puesto al alumno como el centro de todo y se ha descuidado mucho la formación del profesorado. Las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación) pueden jugar un papel muy importante en las grandes líneas en las que se enmarcarán nuestros sistemas educativos en este nuevo siglo, las cuales se centrarán en la globalización, la ruptura de las fronteras culturales y lingüísticas, la movilidad virtual de los estudiantes, la emigración y la formación continua. En este panorama incipiente la figura del profesor puede jugar un papel crucial, sin olvidar su preparación para formar tecnológicamente a otros colectivos como es el de los discapacitados.
Resumo:
Muchos padres educan a sus hijos con ausencia de referentes o permisividad excesiva. Lo anterior obliga a los educadores a iniciarles para que aprendan a poner límites, cuidar su formación e insistir en la paternidad responsable. Este planteamiento permitirá ganar terreno en un campo donde la desorientación por el cambio sociofamiliar requiere ganar nuevos esquemas dentro de un modelo educativo, el cual se ve desbordado por una conflictividad que tiene sus raíces en el seno familiar. Desde la comunidad escolar no debe dejarse al azar y a la intuición una parcela tan decisiva en la conformación de la personalidad autónoma de nuestros hijos y alumnos. La función altamente orientadora de las Ciencias de la Educación nos obliga a no descuidar una parcela donde se requiere cuidar con esmero la formación de los padres y educadores infantiles, para enseñarles a conocer a sus hijos y alumnos, comunicarse con ellos, entender sus respuestas y ejercer con seguridad sus decisiones, especialmente en el período de los primeros años. Saber entender la imposición de límites y aprender a utilizarlos, representa romper una barrera, por la dificultad que ello supone para muchos padres que nunca han tenido la oportunidad de ser formados para afrontar estas situaciones que les desbordan, les hacen sufrir y les angustian.