Alguns aspectes formals de la traducció llatina de l'Alcorà de Robert de Ketton (ca. 1141-1143) i la seva relació amb el text original àrab

En el marc de la història de la transmissió escrita de l'Alcorà (al-Qur'an), l'article fa referència a l'evolució de la forma i l'estructura del text en relació amb l'oralitat del missatge original, a l'existència de diferents tradicions textuals en el si de la comunitat islàmica i al seu reflex en les traduccions. L'atenció se centra, sobretot, en la primera traducció sencera coneguda de l'Alcorà al llatí, realitzada per Robert de Ketton (ca. 1141-1143) a la Vall de l'Ebre, i se'n destaca el valor documental com a testimoni contemporani d'una tradició magribina i andalusina de tractament del text.

Quantum Hall Phases of two-component bosons

The recent production of synthetic magnetic fields acting on electroneutral particles, such as atoms or photons, has boosted interest in the quantum Hall physics of bosons. Adding pseudospin 1/2 to the bosons greatly enriches the scenario, as it allows them to form an interacting integer quantum Hall (IQH) phase with no fermionic counterpart. Here we show that, for a small two-component Bose gas on a disk, the complete strongly correlated regime, extending from the integer phase at filling factor ν = 2 to the Halperin phase at filling factor ν = 2 / 3, is well described by composite fermionization of the bosons. Moreover we study the edge excitations of the IQH state, which, in agreement with expectations from topological field theory, are found to consist of forward-moving charge excitations and backward-moving spin excitations. Finally, we demonstrate how pair-correlation functions allow one to experimentally distinguish the IQH state from competing states, such as non-Abelian spin singlet (NASS) states.

Topological phases in small quantum Hall samples

Topological order has proven a useful concept to describe quantum phase transitions which are not captured by the Ginzburg-Landau type of symmetry-breaking order. However, lacking a local order parameter, topological order is hard to detect. One way to detect it is via direct observation of anyonic properties of excitations which are usually discussed in the thermodynamic limit, but so far has not been realized in macroscopic quantum Hall samples. Here we consider a system of few interacting bosons subjected to the lowest Landau level by a gauge potential, and theoretically investigate vortex excitations in order to identify topological properties of different ground states. Our investigation demonstrates that even in surprisingly small systems anyonic properties are able to characterize the topological order. In addition, focusing on a system in the Laughlin state, we study the robustness of its anyonic behavior in the presence of tunable finite-range interactions acting as a perturbation. A clear signal of a transition to a different state is reflected by the system's anyonic properties.

Phenomenological models of holographic superconductors and hall currents

We study general models of holographic superconductivity parametrized by four arbitrary functions of a neutral scalar field of the bulk theory. The models can accommodate several features of real superconductors, like arbitrary critical temperatures and critical exponents in a certain range, and perhaps impurities or boundary or thickness effects. We find analytical expressions for the critical exponents of the general model and show that they satisfy the Rushbrooke identity. An important subclass of models exhibit second order phase transitions. A study of the specific heat shows that general models can also describe holographic superconductors undergoing first, second and third (or higher) order phase transitions. We discuss how small deformations of the HHH model can lead to the appearance of resonance peaks in the conductivity, which increase in number and become narrower as the temperature is gradually decreased, without the need for tuning mass of the scalar to be close to the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound. Finally, we investigate the inclusion of a generalized ¿theta term¿ producing Hall effect without magnetic field.

Quantum Hall Phases of two-component bosons

The recent production of synthetic magnetic fields acting on electroneutral particles, such as atoms or photons, has boosted interest in the quantum Hall physics of bosons. Adding pseudospin 1/2 to the bosons greatly enriches the scenario, as it allows them to form an interacting integer quantum Hall (IQH) phase with no fermionic counterpart. Here we show that, for a small two-component Bose gas on a disk, the complete strongly correlated regime, extending from the integer phase at filling factor ν = 2 to the Halperin phase at filling factor ν = 2 / 3, is well described by composite fermionization of the bosons. Moreover we study the edge excitations of the IQH state, which, in agreement with expectations from topological field theory, are found to consist of forward-moving charge excitations and backward-moving spin excitations. Finally, we demonstrate how pair-correlation functions allow one to experimentally distinguish the IQH state from competing states, such as non-Abelian spin singlet (NASS) states.

Topological phases in small quantum Hall samples

Topological order has proven a useful concept to describe quantum phase transitions which are not captured by the Ginzburg-Landau type of symmetry-breaking order. However, lacking a local order parameter, topological order is hard to detect. One way to detect it is via direct observation of anyonic properties of excitations which are usually discussed in the thermodynamic limit, but so far has not been realized in macroscopic quantum Hall samples. Here we consider a system of few interacting bosons subjected to the lowest Landau level by a gauge potential, and theoretically investigate vortex excitations in order to identify topological properties of different ground states. Our investigation demonstrates that even in surprisingly small systems anyonic properties are able to characterize the topological order. In addition, focusing on a system in the Laughlin state, we study the robustness of its anyonic behavior in the presence of tunable finite-range interactions acting as a perturbation. A clear signal of a transition to a different state is reflected by the system's anyonic properties.

On the Hall effect in polycrystalline semiconductors

Some problems involved in the interpretation of Hall‐effect measurements in polycrystalline semiconductors have not been resolved, especially when the contribution of the boundaries is appreciable. Using the Herring theory of transport properties in inhomogeneous semiconductors, we present an alternative interpretation to that previously proposed. This model permits the calculation of the Hall coefficient under general conditions.

Traducció del testament de Charles Robert Darwin

L’objectiu principal d’aquest treball és assumir el que podria ser un encàrrec real d’un text jurídic. Així que, en aquest treball es tradueix un testament. Els testaments són documents a través dels quals una persona disposa els seus béns per tal que després de la seva mort una altra se’n faci càrrec. El testament escollit ha estat el de Charles Robert Darwin, que va morir el 19 d’abril de 1882 a Down, en el comptat de Kent, Anglaterra, on hi visqué 40 anys, des del 1842 fins la seva mort. Aquest testament té unes particularitats concretes, ja que fa uns 190 anys que es va firmar. El dret successori anglès, regit per la Llei de successions de protecció de la família i tuïció de 1975 és molt diferent del dret successori català. Així doncs, coneixerem les diferències entre el dret successori català i l’anglès. També, veurem tots passos que han estat necessaris per portar a terme aquest treball.

The love marriage : challenging Victorian myths in Anne Brontë’s 'The Tenant of Wildfell Hall'

La tesina analitza com Anne Brontë desafia el mite del casament romàntic a la novel·la The Tenant of Wildfell Hall. Argumento que aquesta crítica es fa mostrant les conseqüències nefastes d’un matrimoni (entre l’Arthur i l’Helen) basat en l’atracció i en la idea que una dona pot salvar un home de mala vida. Malgrat que la novel·la acaba amb un altre casament (entre l’Helen i en Gilbert), si s’analitza en detall es pot veure que presenta elements subversius. Per exemple, la seva unió està basada en igualtat intel·lectual i compatibilitat de caràcters, enlloc d’igualtat econòmica i social