Le rôle de l'intrigue du sérail dans les lettres persanes de Montesquieu

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L’hipocrisie dans Dom Juan de Molière

Dans Dom Juan, Molière continue son combat contre l’hypocrisie sociale qui caractérise la société de son époque et qui est symbolisée par la noblesse du royaume. L’originalité de cette pièce de théâtre réside dans la complexité du personnage principal, Dom Juan, et dans le mélange de religieux, de tragique, de comique, de surnaturel et de spectaculaire sur lequel elle est fondée. Dans cette pièce, rien n’est laissé au hasard: le temps et l’espace reflètent bien le caractère libertin de Dom Juan et le langage est une arme dont il se sert pour conquérir et séduire une femme. Le langage est ici un miroir de la réalité, c’est-à-dire du monde où tous les personnages sont insérés. Dom Juan tantôt utilise le langage de l’hypocrisie pour se défendre tantôt il se sert de la rhétorique pour séduire ses victimes: c’est à travers le pouvoir verbal qu’il arrache une femme à un homme. Le langage est la clé du jeu de miroirs sur lequel la pièce est fondée. Molière montre dans Dom Juan que le langage est un instrument dangereux dans les mains des hypocrites qui s’en servent pour défier l’ordre social, la religion, la famille et la morale.

A Francofonia e o Quebebe

O texto da lição, cujo tema é “A Francofonia e o Quebeque” e que se integra na área disciplinar de “Línguas e Culturas”, visa dar cumprimento ao regulamento das provas públicas de avaliação de competência pedagógica e técnico-científica do ISCAP, a que se referem os números 9 a 11 do artigo 6.º da Lei n.º 7/2010, de 13 de maio. A opção pelo tema “A Francofonia e o Quebeque” fundamenta-se em fatores objetivos de relevância curricular e fatores relacionados com a importância da cultura francesa e da francofonia no ensino da língua francesa.

A qualidade no terceiro setor: o caso do Centro de Reabilitação Profissional de Gaia (CRPG)

O presente estudo tem por finalidade analisar o Centro de Reabilitação Profissional de Gaia (CRPG), enquanto associação que exerce a sua missão tendo por base a responsabilidade social. O CRPG foi a primeira associação em Portugal a apresentar a preocupação de demonstrar a qualidade das práticas que exerce, através da Certificação da Excelência dos Serviços Sociais. Esta certificação é efetuada segundo o sistema European Quality in Social Services (EQUASS), o qual permite o reconhecimento, garantia e certificação da qualidade às organizações que atuam no âmbito dos serviços sociais, tais como a reabilitação, a formação profissional, a assistência e cuidados às pessoas em situação de fragilidade social. Salienta-se a este propósito o cariz voluntário para a aquisição deste tipo de certificação, o que comprova, além de outras preocupações, como a garantia da qualidade dos serviços prestado, a conduta socialmente responsável do CRPG.

Remoção de metais usando casca de amendoim

Mestrado em Engenharia Química

Iron oxide/gold core/shell nanomagnetic probes and CdS biolabels for amplified electrochemical immunosensing of Salmonella typhimurium

There is an imminent need for rapid methods to detect and determine pathogenic bacteria in food products as alternatives to the laborious and time-consuming culture procedures. In this work, an electrochemical immunoassay using iron/gold core/shell nanoparticles (Fe@Au) conjugated with anti-Salmonella antibodies was developed. The chemical synthesis and functionalization of magnetic and gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles is reported. Fe@Au nanoparticles were functionalized with different self-assembled monolayers and characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, and voltammetric techniques. The determination of Salmonella typhimurium, on screen-printed carbon electrodes, was performed by square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry through the use of CdS nanocrystals. The calibration curve was established between 1×101 and 1×106 cells/mL and the limit of detection was 13 cells/mL. The developed method showed that it is possible to determine the bacteria in milk at low concentrations and is suitable for the rapid (less than 1 h) and sensitive detection of S. typhimurium in real samples. Therefore, the developed methodology could contribute to the improvement of the quality control of food samples.

Basic dyestuffs removal from textile effluents using feathers: equilibrium, kinetic and column studies

This research work has been focused in the study of gallinaceous feathers, a waste that may be valorised as sorbent, to remove the Dark Blue Astrazon 2RN (DBA) from Dystar. This study was focused on the following aspects: optimization of experimental conditions through factorial design methodology, kinetic studies into a continuous stirred tank adsorber (at pH 7 and 20ºC), equilibrium isotherms (at pH 5, 7 and 9 at 20 and 45ºC) and column studies (at 20ºC, at pH 5, 7 and 9). In order to evaluate the influence of the presence of other components in the sorption of the dyestuff, all experiments were performed both for the dyestuff in aqueous solution and in real textile effluent. The pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models were fitted to the experimental data, being the latter the best fit for the aqueous solution of dyestuff. For the real effluent both models fit the experimental results and there is no statistical difference between them. The Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to evaluate the effects of temperature (15 - 45ºC) and pH (5 - 9) over the sorption in aqueous solution. The influence of pH was more significant than temperature. The optimal conditions selected were 45ºC and pH 9. Both Langmuir and Freundlich models could fit the equilibrium data. In the concentration range studied, the highest sorbent capacity was obtained for the optimal conditions in aqueous solution, which corresponds to a maximum capacity of 47± 4 mg g-1. The Yoon-Nelson, Thomas and Yan’s models fitted well the column experimental data. The highest breakthrough time for 50% removal, 170 min, was obtained at pH 9 in aqueous solution. The presence of the dyeing agents in the real wastewater decreased the sorption of the dyestuff mostly for pH 9, which is the optimal pH. The effect of pH is less pronounced in the real effluent than in aqueous solution. This work shows that feathers can be used as sorbent in the treatment of textile wastewaters containing DBA.

Strawberries from integrated pest management and organic farming: phenolic composition and antioxidant properties

Consumer awareness, pesticide and fertilizer contaminations and environmental concerns have resulted in significant demand for organically grown farm produce. Consumption of berries has become popular among health-conscious consumers due to the high levels of valuable antioxidants, such as anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds. The present study evaluated the influence that organic farming (OF) and integrated pest management (IPM) practise exert on the total phenolic content in 22 strawberry samples from four varieties. Postharvest performance of OF and IPM strawberries grown in the same area in the centre of Portugal and harvested at the same maturity stage were compared. Chemical profiles (phenolic compounds) were determined with the aid of HPLC-DAD/MS. Total phenolic content was higher for OF strawberry extracts. This study showed that the main differences in bioactive phytochemicals between organically and IPM grown strawberries concerned their anthocyanin levels. Organically grown strawberries were significantly higher in antioxidant activity than were the IPM strawberries, as measured by DPPH and FRAP assays.

Métodos de observação durante a execução de obras subterrâneas

Mestrado em Engenharia Geotécnica e Geoambiente

Evaluating the efficiency of a vegetal coagulant in the treatment of industrial effluents

The present work aims at evaluating the efficiency of an organic polymer from vegetal source used as coagulant for treating different types of industrial effluents. This coagulant (Flox-QT) is obtained from the Black Acacia (Acacia mearnsii). The effluents studied were produced in petrochemical, leather, cork stoppers, metalworking, olive oil, glue, paint (printing), textile and paper industries. The parameters analyzed in the effluents before and after treatment were selected according to the type of wastewater and included pH, conductivity, apparent colour, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and some metals. The coagulant proved to be efficient for almost all effluents tested. The best results were obtained for the paper industry wastewater, with 91% removal of chemical oxygen demand and 95% of total suspended solids removal. The estimated cost of this treatment would be only 0.24 Euro per cubic meter of treated effluent, only regarding the price of the coagulant and the required dosage. The use of this coagulant is also adequate for the valorisation of the sludge obtained, which in this case could be recycled for paper production.

Influence of the pre-treatments on the properties of biodegradable films from bovine hair

The replacement of conventional synthetic films and coatings by biodegradable alternatives reduces the use of non-renewable resources and waste disposal problems. Considering that Portugal is a major producer of leather, and consequently a large producer of related wastes, in this research, bovine hair was tested for the production of biodegradable films directly by thermo-compression, allowing waste valorisation and reduction of environmental pollution. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the different pre-treatments performed by two processes (removal by mechanical action and removal by chemical process), applied to bovine hair, in order to obtain a biodegradable film with appropriate properties. Mechanical properties for these films were evaluated, namely strain at break, stress at break and Young modulus. Additionally colour, solubility and swelling in water were also studied. The mechanical removal hair only produced films with Na2S treatment. Chemical removed hair (immunization) depends of the pre-treatment and the degreasing with petroleum ether or sodium sulphide pre-treatment leads better mechanical properties. The results obtained indicated that the pre-treatments have an important role in the final properties of biodegradable films.

Estratégias de internacionalização das empresas nacionais: o caso da fileira têxtil

O momento actual aparece marcado pela globalização dos mercados e da concorrência. A forte presença das multinacionais nas economias trouxe novas dificuldades e desafios às empresas que operam quer nos mercados domésticos quer nos mercados internacionais. No caso português, as dificuldades são acrescidas por razões estruturais e pelo recente alargamento da União Europeia a Leste. Da conjugação dessas circunstâncias, as empresas portuguesas encontram-se numa encruzilhada que, no essencial, se exprime na alternativa entre abrirem-se ao exterior ou perecerem. Perante esta realidade, pretende-se neste estudo ilustrar as estratégias competitivas ensaiadas por um grupo de empresas nacionais da fileira têxtil. Para este efeito, afigurou-se útil alicerçar a investigação na metodologia de estudo de caso. Anima-nos a expectativa que os resultados deste trabalho possam informar a decisão dos responsáveis de outras empresas nacionais na definição das suas estratégias de negócio.

Processo de abertura e internacionalização da economia portuguesa: balanço e perspectivas futuras

O artigo esboça uma breve digressão pelo processo de abertura da economia portuguesa, desde os finais dos anos 40 até à actualidade, passando pelos momentos mais marcantes da nossa história económica, como a adesão à EFTA (Associação Europeia de Comércio Livre), a entrada na CEE (Comunidade Económica Europeia), a concretização do mercado interno europeu, a introdução da moeda única, e o alargamento da União Europeia a leste. A terminar perspectiva-se o futuro da economia portuguesa.

Estratégias de internacionalização para a indústria têxtil e do vestuário

O artigo inicia-se com uma breve caracterização do sector têxtil e de vestuário (ITV), a que se segue a formulação das estratégias de internacionalização que se oferecem pertinentes para as empresas da indústria. Estas estratégias são apresentadas segundo o seu posicionamento na cadeia de valor: a montante do processo produtivo referem-se o sourcing e a antena colectiva; centrado no processo produtivo avança-se com a filial produtiva, a licença, a subcontratação e o comakership; a jusante adianta-se a filial comercial, a exportação, o show room permanente, o piggy back, a franquia, o consórcio de exportação, o grupo de exportadores e os clubes de empresas. O artigo finaliza com uma sistematização das estratégias de internacionalização, equacionando-se a probabilidade da sua aplicação às principais áreas de negócio da indústria (têxtil técnico e funcional, têxtil lar e vestuário).