分布自主协作式的多机器人系统研究

本文作者在研究多机器人协调的基础上，将多机器人作为一个整体，从系统的角度研究多机器人系统的整体行为和组织结构．以人工智能的多自主体系统为理论基础，以网络通讯和分布数据库为技术基础，设计了多机器人分布自主协作系统的体系结构，提出了实现该系统需要研究的内容和解决的关键技术，介绍了我们在这方面的工作

Design and path planning for a remote-brained service robot

This paper presents a novel robot named "TUT03-A" with expert systems, speech interaction, vision systems etc. based on remote-brained approach. The robot is designed to have the brain and body separated. There is a cerebellum in the body. The brain with the expert systems is in charge of decision and the cerebellum control motion of the body. The brain-body. interface has many kinds of structure. It enables a brain to control one or more cerebellums. The brain controls all modules in the system and coordinates their work. The framework of the robot allows us to carry out different kinds of robotics research in an environment that can be shared and inherited over generations. Then we discuss the path planning method for the robot based on ant colony algorithm. The mathematical model is established and the algorithm is achieved with the Starlogo simulating environment. The simulation result shows that it has strong robustness and eligible pathfinding efficiency.

Design and path planning for a remote-brained service robot

This article introduced an effective design method of robot called remote-brain, which is made the brain and body separated. It leaves the brain in the mother environment, by which we mean the environment in which the brain's software is developed, and talks with its body by wireless links. It also presents a real robot TUT06-B based on this method which has human-machine interaction, vision systems, manipulator etc. Then it discussed the path planning method for the robot based on ant colony algorithm in details, especially the Ant-cycle model. And it also analyzed the parameter of the algorithm which can affect the convergence. Finally, it gives the program flow chat of this algorithm.

Large depth-of-view portable three-dimensional laser scanner and its segmental calibration for robot vision

A portable 3D laser scanning system has been designed and built for robot vision. By tilting the charge coupled device (CCD) plane of portable 3D scanning system according to the Scheimpflug condition, the depth-of-view is successfully extended from less than 40 to 100 mm. Based on the tilted camera model, the traditional two-step camera calibration method is modified by introducing the angle factor. Meanwhile, a novel segmental calibration approach, i.e., dividing the whole work range into two parts and calibrating, respectively, with corresponding system parameters, is proposed to effectively improve the measurement accuracy of the large depth-of-view 3D laser scanner. In the process of 3D reconstruction, different calibration parameters are used to transform the 2D coordinates into 3D coordinates according to the different positions of the image in the CCD plane, and the measurement accuracy of 60 mu m is obtained experimentally. Finally, the experiment of scanning a lamina by the large depth-of-view portable 3D laser scanner used by an industrial robot IRB 4400 is also employed to demonstrate the effectiveness and high measurement accuracy of our scanning system. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

An Obstacle Cluster Based Data Fusion Method for Mobile Robot

首先给出了一种通过融合多个超声波传感器和一台激光全局定位系统的数据建立机器人环境地图的方法 ,并在此基础上 ,首次提出了机器人在非结构环境下识别障碍物的一种新方法 ,即基于障碍物群的方法 .该方法的最大特点在于它可以更加简洁、有效地提取和描述机器人的环境特征 ,这对于较好地实现机器人的导航、避障 ,提高系统的自主性和实时性是至关重要的 .大量的实验结果表明了该方法的有效性 .

高性能机器人控制系统的研究

本文介绍了高性能机器人控制器的研制情况.该系统具有较高的控制精度,可完成对机器人和多个外部轴的协调控制.为便于国内用户使用,实现了中文界面功能键驱动的汉字编程示教盒.为适应机器人生产线的需要,提供了丰富的联网功能和生产线监控诊断功能.目前该系统已用于新松公司的6kg工业机器人产品中.

星球探测系统的多机器人组内协作研究

建立了子机器人的控制模型,提出了分散式控制与集中式控制相结合的复合控制体系。采用动态分配ID号和由ID号确定机器人组中领导者的机制,建立了有领导者的机器人组的协作方法。其中,领导者与监控平台之间采用无线通讯,机器人组内采用CAN(control area network)总线传递控制信号。同时采用组内基于状态表匹配的控制方式。两个机器人组合利用以上机制,通过相互协调完成差速转弯的实验验证了该控制方法的可行性。

多机器人的改进型边界探索算法

针对多机器人探索未知环境问题,提出了改进型边界探索算法。该算法综合考虑边界角度和距离两种因素,引入分散机制,使机器人团队协同工作,避免出现拥挤,减少探索过程中的重复覆盖和路径交叉现象。基于与其他方法的实验比较结果表明,该探索方法使多机器人具有更好的团队协作能力,提高了探索效率。

轮腿复合移动机器人自主越障姿态设定及轮腿运动协调算法实现

轮腿复合移动机器人具有很好的地面适应能力和越障能力。本文通过对机器人系统结构的分析和其越障高度的静态分析,计算出机器人能够越障的最大高度,并提出了针对典型地形环境(沟、坎、台)越障问题的机器人构型优化以及轮腿运动协调控制算法,而且通过实验验证了算法的有效性。

基于评价选择策略的Internet多机器人协作控制研究

针对Internet多机器人系统中存在的操作指令延迟、工作效率低、协作能力差等问题,提出了多机器人神经元群网络控制模型。在学习过程中,来自不同功能区域的多类型神经元连接形成动态神经元群集,来描述各机器人的运动行为与外部条件、内部状态之间复杂的映射关系,通过对内部权值连接的评价选择,以实现最佳的多机器人运动行为协调。以互联网足球机器人系统为实验平台,给出了学习算法描述。仿真结果表明,己方机器人成功实现了配合射门的任务要求,所提模型和方法提高了多机器人的协作能力,并满足系统稳定性和实时性要求。

宜人化双臂操作型服务机器人建模、控制和协调

为宜人化双臂操作型服务机器人建立了动力学模型,该模型的特点是独立的机理建模技术结合黑箱技术共同描述出完整的模型;结合建立的模型,提出一种基于NN的自适应鲁棒控制器,并证明了其渐近稳定性.最后,在分析宜人化双臂操作型服务机器人运动特征的基础上,提出一种基于事件的在线协调的策略.

可重构星球探测机器人的OpenGL仿真实验平台研究

采用基于Visual C++和OpenGL的建模和运动仿真方法,对可重构星球探测机器人系统的三维运动仿真实验平台进行了研究,建立了一个多机器人系统的仿真实验平台。开发的实验平台可用于探索和验证机器人系统的工作原理、工作空间、多机器人协调算法、重构方法、系统集成技术等。在该平台上进行了机器人的运动学仿真和协调运动研究,验证了该仿真平台的有效性和机器人系统体系结构的合理性。