Orientation preference and fractal character of short fatigue cracks in a weld metal

Short fatigue crack behaviour in a weld metal has been further investigated. The Schmid factor and the fractal dimension of short cracks on iso-stress specimens subjected to reversed bending have been determined and then applied to account for the distribution and orientation characteristics of short fatigue cracks. The result indicates that the orientation preference of short cracks is attributed to the large values of Schmid factor at relevant grains. The Schmid factors of most slip systems, which produced short cracks, are less than or equal to 0.4. Crack length measurements reveal that short crack path, compared to that of long crack, possesses a more stable and relatively larger value of fractal dimension. This is regarded as one of the typical features of short cracks.

Effects of scopolamine on morphine-induced conditioned place preference in mice

It is well known that the cholinergic system plays a crucial role in learning and memory. Psychopharmacological studies in humans and animals have shown that a systemic cholinergic blockade may induce deficits in learning and memory. Accumulated studies h

Pentylenetetrazole-induced status epilepticus following training does not impair expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference

Learning and memory play an important role in morphine addiction. Status epilepticus (SE) can impair the spatial and emotional learning and memory. However, little is known about the effects of SE on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). Th