7自由度机器人的图谱问题

本文在分析、归纳、综合的基础上作出了7自由度机械臂的图谱.包括位置空间、奇异空间、回避障碍和回避奇异等问题.给出了一种普遍适用的方法.并介绍了该方法的使用,对7自由度机器人的结构设计和选型有一定的参考价值.

机器人手臂弹性动力学分析的高效算法

本文提出一种用于机器人手臂弹性动力学分析的新方法,该方法采用了动力学方程缩减技术,使计算时间大为减少。在此基础上针对关节型机器人结构特点,提出了考虑手臂关节之间的弹性连接的数学模型,使计算精度得到提高,最后给出了一个实例。

一种新的机器人自适应控制方式

本文提出了一种新的、有效的机器人自适应控制方式,克服了其他方法由于模型不准或计算量大等所带来的一系列问题。本文首先将 Lagrange 运动方程转化为 ARMA 模型,并用虚拟噪声补偿模型误差(即由于线性化、解耦、观测不准和干扰等误差).然后利用改进的 Kalman 自适应滤波算法在线进行参数辨识和状态估计,将获得的参数用于机器人控制系统自适应控制器的设计.最后给出了该算法的仿真结果并对此进行了讨论。

Robust Learning Control for Manipulators with Uncertainty Disturbances Based on Internal Model

In this paper, a disturbance controller is designed for making robotic system behave as a decoupled linear system according to the concept of internal model. Based on the linear system, the paper presents an iterative learning control algorithm to robotic manipulators. A sufficient condition for convergence is provided. The selection of parameter values of the algorithm is simple and easy to meet the convergence condition. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm..

Design and path planning for a remote-brained service robot

This paper presents a novel robot named "TUT03-A" with expert systems, speech interaction, vision systems etc. based on remote-brained approach. The robot is designed to have the brain and body separated. There is a cerebellum in the body. The brain with the expert systems is in charge of decision and the cerebellum control motion of the body. The brain-body. interface has many kinds of structure. It enables a brain to control one or more cerebellums. The brain controls all modules in the system and coordinates their work. The framework of the robot allows us to carry out different kinds of robotics research in an environment that can be shared and inherited over generations. Then we discuss the path planning method for the robot based on ant colony algorithm. The mathematical model is established and the algorithm is achieved with the Starlogo simulating environment. The simulation result shows that it has strong robustness and eligible pathfinding efficiency.

Design and path planning for a remote-brained service robot

This article introduced an effective design method of robot called remote-brain, which is made the brain and body separated. It leaves the brain in the mother environment, by which we mean the environment in which the brain's software is developed, and talks with its body by wireless links. It also presents a real robot TUT06-B based on this method which has human-machine interaction, vision systems, manipulator etc. Then it discussed the path planning method for the robot based on ant colony algorithm in details, especially the Ant-cycle model. And it also analyzed the parameter of the algorithm which can affect the convergence. Finally, it gives the program flow chat of this algorithm.

Large depth-of-view portable three-dimensional laser scanner and its segmental calibration for robot vision

A portable 3D laser scanning system has been designed and built for robot vision. By tilting the charge coupled device (CCD) plane of portable 3D scanning system according to the Scheimpflug condition, the depth-of-view is successfully extended from less than 40 to 100 mm. Based on the tilted camera model, the traditional two-step camera calibration method is modified by introducing the angle factor. Meanwhile, a novel segmental calibration approach, i.e., dividing the whole work range into two parts and calibrating, respectively, with corresponding system parameters, is proposed to effectively improve the measurement accuracy of the large depth-of-view 3D laser scanner. In the process of 3D reconstruction, different calibration parameters are used to transform the 2D coordinates into 3D coordinates according to the different positions of the image in the CCD plane, and the measurement accuracy of 60 mu m is obtained experimentally. Finally, the experiment of scanning a lamina by the large depth-of-view portable 3D laser scanner used by an industrial robot IRB 4400 is also employed to demonstrate the effectiveness and high measurement accuracy of our scanning system. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

基于最小疼痛感的机器人操作臂轨迹规划方法

针对机器人操作臂跟踪运动目标的问题,从仿生学的角度提出一种新的轨迹规划方法。将关节加速度的增量进行编码,同时将疼痛感作为优化指标,利用遗传算法在操作臂的关节空间进行轨迹优化,得到操作臂在跟踪运动目标过程中的具有较小疼痛感的轨迹。仿真试验结果表明,所提出的方法是可行的,可以规划出正确的跟踪轨迹,同时有效的减小了操作臂运动过程中的疼痛感。

机器人操作臂跟踪动态目标的轨迹规划方法

针对机器人操作臂跟踪运动目标问题,提出一种基于遗传算法的轨迹规划方法。通过对关节加速度的增量进行编码,实现在操作臂的关节空间进行轨迹优化,得到操作臂在跟踪运动目标过程中所需要的轨迹。仿真计算的结果表明,所提出的方法是有效的。

拟人机器人交互作用力的研究

拟人机器人的动力学具有高度非线性、高度耦合的特点,分析清楚各组成部分之间的交互作用力是实施高级控制方法的基础。文章在以往分析移动机械手的基础上,从整体建模的角度入手,对拟人机器人的交互作用力提出了一个新的模型,即神经网络模型。利用该模型对一个特殊的单一手臂运动的例子进行了拟合,其结果是收敛的。这说明提出的模型是有效的,此后,我们将陆续给出研究成果。

An Obstacle Cluster Based Data Fusion Method for Mobile Robot

首先给出了一种通过融合多个超声波传感器和一台激光全局定位系统的数据建立机器人环境地图的方法 ,并在此基础上 ,首次提出了机器人在非结构环境下识别障碍物的一种新方法 ,即基于障碍物群的方法 .该方法的最大特点在于它可以更加简洁、有效地提取和描述机器人的环境特征 ,这对于较好地实现机器人的导航、避障 ,提高系统的自主性和实时性是至关重要的 .大量的实验结果表明了该方法的有效性 .

遥控移动式作业机器人实时多任务管理系统

本文介绍遥控移动式作业机器人实时多任务管理系统．该系统是在多总线和位总线相结合的计算机系统上，利用ｉＲＭＸⅡ实时多任务操作系统设计编制的实时多任务管理系统．该系统为遥控机器人提供了数据通讯，人机接口，任务作业等重要管理工作，使机器人能顺利地完成机械手操作和车体运动等重要控制功能。

机器人机械手的鲁棒性稳定跟踪控制

为工业机器人机械手提出了一种稳定跟踪控制法．这种控制方法由前馈控制器、反馈控制器组成．前馈控制根据期望轨线用计算力矩法得到；反馈控制由线性ＰＩＤ控制项和非线性ＰＤ控制项组成，这种控制方法能使跟踪误差逐渐趋近于零．最后，给出了ＰＵＭＡ５６０机器人的计算机仿真实验验证此控制方法的有效性