310 resultados para deformed odd-odd Au-184


Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The optical properties of Au nanoparticles deposited on thermochromic thin films of VO2 are investigated using spectroscopy. A localized modification on the transmittance spectrum of VO2 film is formed due to the presence of Au nanoparticles which exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the visible-near IR region. The position of the modification wavelength region shows a strong dependence on the Au mass thickness and shifts toward the red as it increases. On the other hand, it was found that the LSPR of Au nanoparticles can be thermally tunable because of the thermochromism of the supporting material of VO2. The LSPR wavelength, lambda(SPR), shifts to the blue with increasing temperature, and shifts back to the red as temperature decreases. A fine tuning is achieved when the temperature is increased in a stepwise manner.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The semiconductor-metal transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films epitaxially grown on C-plane sapphire is studied by depositing Au nanoparticles onto the thermochromic films forming a metal-semiconductor contact, namely, a nano-Au-VO2 junction. It reveals that Au nanoparticles have a marked effect on the reduction in the phase transition temperature of VO2. A process of electron injection in which electrons flow from Au to VO2 due to the lower work function of the metal is believed to be the mechanism. The result may support the Mott-Hubbard phase transition model for VO2.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This paper studies numerically the dark incoherent spatial solitons propagating in logarithmically saturable nonlinear media by using a coherent density approach and a split-step Fourier approach for the first time. Under odd and even initial conditions, a soliton triplet and a doublet are obtained respectively for given parameters. Simultaneously, coherence properties associated with the soliton triplet and doublet are discussed. In addition, if the values of the parameters are properly chosen, five and four splittings from the input dark incoherent spatial solitons can also form. Lastly, the grayness of the soliton triplet and that of the doublet are studied, in detail.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

功能化的贵金属纳米材料的设计和可控制备在材料科学研究领域引起了人们广泛的关注。贵金属纳米材料的光学、电学、磁学和催化等物理和化学性质不但与其大小有关,而且还与其形貌息息相关。因此寻求简单而有效的低温溶液合成途径以实现对贵金属纳米材料的尺寸和形貌控制尤为重要。本论文的主要研究内容可以归纳如下: (1)在水溶液中利用种子生长方法分别制备了核壳Au-Pd/Pt三金属复合纳米粒子和三层的核壳AuAg复合纳米粒子。这些纳米粒子的尺寸和组成可以通过改变金种子的加入量来加以调控。 (2)通过种子生长和取代沉积相结合的方法制备了具有金核铂/银双金属壳的铃铛状纳米粒子。通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和X-射线光电子能谱对所得纳米粒子的尺寸、结构和组成进行了表征。 (3)以二肽甘氨酰甘氨酸作为模板合成了具有[111]取向的单晶银纳米片。通过改变实验条件探讨了片状银纳米结构的形成机理。片状银纳米结构的产率可达到80%,反应物之间的摩尔比对产物的尺寸和形貌有至关重要的作用。 (4)将K3[Fe(CN)6]和Na2S2O3的混合溶液进行水热处理,得到了具有立方体形貌的FeIIIFeIII(CN)6(柏林绿)微晶。实验结果显示K3[Fe(CN)6]和Na2S2O3的摩尔比及其浓度对所得产物的尺寸、形貌和组成有决定性的作用。 (5)在室温下通过混合3, 3', 5, 5'-四甲基联苯胺和氯铂酸,成功合成了有机-无机杂化的纳米纤维。纳米纤维的尺寸和形状可以通过改变反应物的比和浓度加以控制。基于不同的实验结果,提出了纳米纤维的可能形成机理。

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

在Au(111)硫醇自组装膜上通过原子力显微镜(AFM)纳米刻蚀加工了各种功能化纳米结构。本论文取得的主要成果如下: 1. “蘸笔”技术移除自组装膜及金基底 以烯丙基溴为墨水,用蘸笔技术在16-巯基十六羧酸(MHA)修饰的Au(111)基底上可以实现对金基底的直接加工,形成阴刻图案;并提出了详细的加工机理。 2. Au(111)自组膜表面的可逆加工 (1)利用乙醇修饰的导电AFM针尖通过电致刻蚀在Au(111)基底的烷基硫醇自组装膜上实现了阴阳刻图案的可逆加工。X射线光电子能谱分析表明阳刻图案的化学组成为氧化金,且此氧化金可被乙醇还原生成金得到阴刻图案。此阴刻图案可用作纳米模板,我们利用此模板加工了氧化铁磁性纳米结构和溶菌酶蛋白质纳米结构。 (2)用修饰硫醇的导电AFM针尖在Au(111)基底上实现了硫醇的可逆书写。 3. Au(111)自组膜表面官能团转化 用硫醇自组装膜修饰的Pt针在Au(111)基底的烷基硫醇自组装膜上实现了表面端基官能团转化。所得亲水性纳米图案可用作物理(如直接吸附纳米粒子)和化学纳米模板(如诱导硅烷自组装)。加工过程中基底自组装膜保持完整,未破坏Au-S键。 4. AFM研究适配子与血小板衍生生长因子-BB的相互作用 利用AFM电致刻蚀在HS-(CH2)12-(OCH2CH2)4-OH(EG4)/Au(111)上选择性移除EG4,在新暴露的金基底上生长血小板衍生生长因子-BB(PDGF-BB)适配子与EG4的混合自组装膜,通过PDGF-BB适配子与 PDGF-BB的特异性键合固定PDGF-BB,得到PDGF-BB的纳米图案。

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本论文利用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)在Au(111)电极上结合电化学方法在分子水平上观察分子的吸附组装和结构调控等。主要内容如下: (1) 用现场电化学扫描隧道显微镜(ECSTM)在Au(111)电极上研究了巯基己醇(MHO)取代六苯并苯的详细过程。取代速度强烈依赖于MHO的浓度。浓度较低时,反应速度较慢,我们可以用现场ECSTM跟踪观察详细的取代过程。取代首先发生在靠近重构线肘部的位置,出现单分子或多个六苯并苯分子的取代而形成的pits。随着取代过程的进行,这些小的pits生长或合并成较大的pits;pits周围的六苯并苯分子逐渐被MHO取代,最终在限定的区域内形成有序的domain。观察局部区域的取代过程,我们发现沿着重构线的方向扩展速度最快。快速取代之后,MHO在Au(111)电极表面形成( )R30°晶格结构,而慢速取代之后,MHO在表面形成c(4×2)超结构。与MHO在干净的Au(111)电极上的吸附相比,在六苯并苯修饰的Au(111)电极上即使在很低的浓度下也没有观察到平躺的物理吸附相,而是直接形成化学吸附相。这可能是由于六苯并苯的存在,MHO的碳氢链不能直接与Au原子接触。通过数据分析,我们发现取代速率曲线呈倒S形状。 (2) 我们用循环伏安法(CV)和ECSTM研究了腺嘌呤(Adenine,A),胸腺嘧啶(Thymine,T)和鸟嘌呤(Guanine,G)单组分及混合组分(A+T)的电化学二维相变。施加在Au(111)电极上的电位不同,A会呈现不同的吸附状态,包括物理吸附相和化学吸附相。在物理吸附的电势范围,高分辨ECSTM图像显示,同一个电势下共存着多样性的A的吸附结构。当基底电势变得更正时,一种更倾斜的吸附状态也就是A的化学吸附相会形成。在较负电位下,A和T能通过分子之间氢键作用在Au(111)电极上形成一种新的网络结构,而G能形成多层吸附。 (3) 利用STM研究了不同方法移除硫醇自组装膜之后金电极表面的再生情况。分别使用了化学法和电化学还原脱附法。化学法比较简单,使用的试剂有王水,piranha和NaBH4。王水对金电极表面有强腐蚀作用;piranha和NaBH4对金表面的作用较小,但是NaBH4处理之后的金表面上会有较多的亮岛出现。在移除自组装膜之后的电极上直接组装六苯并苯,我们观察到用piranha和NaBH4处理之后的金电极表面上六苯并苯自组装膜缺陷较多,有序domain也比较小。电化学法脱附可以得到比较干净的金表面,直接组装的六苯并苯自组装膜有序性好,缺陷少。而且,电化学脱附法通过控制电位可以实现硫醇自组装膜和六苯并苯自组装膜的相互转换。

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

本文用加拿大国立研究院(National Research Council of Canada) Fuhrer等人编制的FORTRAN语言程序(以下简称NRCC程序),对两个冠醚类化合物进行了简正坐标分析,这两个化合物分子是二氧六环(C_4H_8O_2)和12-冠-4(C_8H_(16)O_4)。作者用Synder和Zerbi提出的一般价力场,计算了二氧六环的36个简正振动频率,精化四次后的结果误差为14.04 cm~(-1),得到了二氧六环的精化力场和势能分析矩阵;做了12-冠-4-的中红外光谱(3200-5000cm~(-1))。远红外光谱(500-70cm~(-1))和拉曼光谱(3200-50 cm~(-1),从而归属出12-冠-4的78个简正振动频率实验值;利用二氧六环的精化力场作为初始力场,计算了12-冠-4的简正振动频率,对78个简正振动频率进行了精化计算,精化三次后的结果误差为13.99 cm~(-1),精化后得到12-冠-4的精化力场和势能分布矩阵;将NRCC程序以BASIC语言移至TRS-80微型机上,对二氧六环进行了计算,结果良好,首次给出二氧六环一般价力场的势能分布。一、对二氧六环的处理 二氧六环分子式C_4H_8O_2,合14个原子,有3N-6=36个简正振动频率。分子结构系由二个乙氧基(-CH_2-CH_2-O-)单元组成的含有四个碳,两个氧的六元环,平衡态分子为椅式构象,属于C_(2h)点群,36个简正振动频率分为四个对称类Ag、Au、Bg和Bu,分布是:Ag 10个,Bg 8个,Au 9个,Bu9个。二氧六环的分子结构及坐标示意图见28而图5,定义了14个伸缩内坐标,26个弯曲内坐标,6个扭曲内坐标,共46个,C-C键长1.54A,C-O键长1.41 A,C-H键长1.096A,键角都用109°28'。用CART程序(NRCC程序之一)计算二氧六环14个原子的笛卡尔坐标,用GMAT程序(NRCC程序之二)计算其B矩阵和G矩阵,用FPERT程序(NRCC程序之三)计算其简正振动频率、精化力场,计算用一般价力场,引入V矩阵对称化,将46个坐标化为46个(内)对称坐标,10个多余坐标在FPERT程序计算中除去。二、对12-冠-4的处理 12-冠-4分子式C_8H_(16)O_4,含28个原子,共3N-6=78个简正振动频率,分子结构为四个乙氧基(-CH_2-CH_2-O-)单元组成的含八个碳、四个氧的12元环,自由分子的12-冠-4属于C点群。结构数据引自Groth的X光衍射分数和坐标,自己编制了BASIC语言程度将分数坐标化为笛卡尔坐标,用GMAT程序计算B矩阵和G矩阵,FPERT程序计算78个简正振动频率、精化力场、计算势能分布矩阵,引入U矩阵将92个内坐标化为92个对称坐标,14个多余坐标在FPERT程序中自动除去。三、结果 势能分布矩阵给出分子的振动归属,对这两个冠醚类分子的3N-6个简正振动频率,可以划分为五个振动区域。1.C-H伸缩振动区(3000-2800 cm~(-1)) 在该区中,二氧六环有八个值:2974、2966、2854和2867 cm~(-1)各两个,12-冠-4有16个值:2935、2923、2915和2907 cm~(-1)各两个,2860 cm~(-1)8个,高于2900 cm~(-1)者为反对称伸缩振动,低于2900 cm~(-1)者为对称伸缩振动。2.亚甲基弯曲振动之一(1500-1400 cm~(-1)) 该区的主要振动是亚甲基剪式振动(Scissor),其它振动小于10%二氧六环在该区有四个频率:1443、1461、1451和1457 cm~(-1),12-冠-4有八个频率:1466、1450、1450和1405 cm~(-1)各两个。3.亚甲基弯曲振动区二(1400-1200 cm~(-1))该区的主要振动模式为亚甲基的颤动(wag)、卷曲(twist)和摆动(rock)振动,其它振动小于13%。二氧六环在该区有八个频率:1334、1303、1396、1216、1367、1264、1377和1296 cm~(-1),12-冠-4有十六个频率:1388、1363、……1229 cm~(-1)(其中1288、1307cm~(-1)非简并,其余皆两重简并)。4.环的骨架伸缩振动区(1200-600 cm~(-1))该区振动模式复杂,除环的骨架伸缩振动外,还有亚甲基的wag、twist、rock以及环的骨架弯曲振动,而且这些振动的势能分布值都不小。二氧六环在该区有十一个频率,从1127至610 cm~(-1),12-冠-4有二十个频率,从1135至184 cm~(-1)且大都是二重简并的。5.低频区(600-50cm~(-1))这两个分子在低频区的势能分布略有差别。二氧六环在该区有五个频率:503、486、427、276和224 cm~(-1),主要振动模式为骨架弯曲振动和扭曲振动,C-O、C-C的扭曲振动在三个最低频率中分布占10-30%。12-冠-4在该区有18个频率,除570和547cm~(-1)处,都是二重简并的,六个最低频率的振动模式完全属于C-O、C-C键的扭曲振动,其它振动小于10%,所以200 cm~(-1)以下可称为12-冠-4的扭曲振动区,在600-200cm~(-1)之间的12个频率主要是骨架的弯曲振动,也有一定量的亚甲基wag、twist、rock振动。12-冠-4的简正坐标分析尚未有人做过。二氧六环的计算结果与Snyder和Zerbi的分析相吻合,12-冠-4和二氧六环两分子势能分布的相对一致性证明了对12-冠-4的简正坐标分析基本是正确的。本文比较了二分子的力常数和振动频率,探讨了环的大小对振动光谱的影响。四、NRCC程序简介 NRCC程序由CART、GMAT和FPERT三个程序组成,即可联一起运用,亦可分开独立进行运算。该程序功能强,所占内存大,适于大、中型计算机使用。CART程序之名字取自Cartisian Co-or-dinates的前四个字母,功能系由分子结构参数(键长、键角)计算分子内各原子的笛卡尔坐标。GMAT程序之名字取自G matrix的前四个字母,功能系由分子内各原子的笛卡尔坐标,原子质量和内坐标定义计算分子内各原子的坐标交换矩阵B和Wilson振动动能矩阵G。FPERT程序之名字取自F Perturbation的前五个字母,功能系由分子振动功能矩阵G、势能常数即力常数矩阵F计算分子的简正振动频率和势能分布矩阵,再通过实验频率精化势能矩阵F。NRCC程序可对含30个原子、60个内坐标的分子进行简正坐标分析,扩充后容量增大一倍。该程序可选用一般价力场(General Valence Force Field, 简称GVFF)和UBS力场(Urey-Bradley-Shimanouchi Force Field),简称UBSFF或UBFF)。可选用对称化U矩阵,可自行决定力场精化次数和阻尼常数以限制精化结果的收敛性。五、NRCC程序在TRS-80微型机上移植试尝(该部分曾在第三届长春夏季化学讨论会上宣读)针对NRCC程序占内存空间大、难以在微型机上实现的情况,作者将NRCC程序改编为BASIC语言,改变程序的原来结构,形成一组BASIC语言程序:CART/BAS、GMAT/BAS和VIFR/BAS,改编后的BASIC程序在TRS-80微型机调试通过,TRS-80机字长8位,New Dos系统内存32K。改写后的程序只保持了原程序的基本原理,在内存,语句上改动很大,以适于微型机使用。数据在程序中直接嵌入,利于修改替换,且BASIC语言简单易学,便于操作。CART/BAS程序可计算含30个原子以内的分子的笛卡尔坐标,GMAT/BAS程序可计算含20个原子、45个内坐标的分子的G矩阵,VIFR/BAS程序可计算含15个原子的分子的简正振动频率。利用这组程序,作者以二氧六环分子为例做了一些试尝运算,误差14.4 cm~(-1),相对误差1.8%,结果较理想。

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Up to now, in most of the research work done on the effect of hydrogen on a Schottky barrier, the hydrogen was introduced into the semiconductor before metal deposition. This letter reports that hydrogen can be effectively introduced into the Schottky barriers (SBs) of Au/n-GaAs and Ti/n-GaAs by plasma hydrogen treatment (PHT) after metal deposition on [100] oriented n-GaAs substrates. The Schottky barrier height (SBH) of a SB containing hydrogen shows the zero/reverse bias annealing (ZBA/RBA) effect. ZBA makes the SBH decrease and RBA makes it increase. The variations in the SBHs are reversible. In order to obtain obvious ZBA/RBA effects, selection of the temperature for plasma hydrogen treatment is important, and it is indicated that 100-degrees-C for Au/n-GaAs and 150-degrees-C for Ti/n-GaAs are suitable temperatures. It is concluded from the analysis of experimental results that only the hydrogen located at or near the metal-semiconductor interface, rather than the hydrogen in the bulk of either the semiconductor or the metal, is responsible for the ZBA/RBA effect on SBH.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

This article presents the results of near-resonant Raman scattering measurements on GaAs/AlAs superlattices at room temperature. A strong enhancement of GaAs LO phonon-even modes resulted owing to a dipole-allowed Frohlich interaction in superlattices. Similar to the previous results, the LO phonon-even modes in a polarized configuration are observed. In contrast to previous work, however, what we observed in depolarized configurations is the LO phonon-odd modes instead of even modes. It is confirmed that the selection rules for near-resonant Raman scattering from LO phonons in this kind of superlattices are the same as those for off-resonant scattering. From the second-order Raman scattering, it is confirmed that polarized second-order Raman scattering spectra consist of overtones and combinations of two even modes, and depolarized second-order Raman scattering spectra consist of combinations of an even mode and an odd mode. Our experimental results coincide with the predictions using the recently developed Huang-Zhu model. A brief discussion on interface modes and their combination with confined modes is also presented.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The near-resonance Raman scattering of GaAs/AlAs superlattices is investigated at room temperature. Owing to the resonance enhancement of Frohlich interaction, the scattering intensity of even LO confined modes with A1 symmetry becomes much stronger than that of odd modes with B2 symmetry. The even modes were observed in the polarized spectra, while the odd modes appear in the depolarized spectra as in the off-resonance case. The second-order Raman spectra show that the polarized spectra are composed of the overtone and combinations of even modes, while the depolarized spectra are composed of the combinations of one odd mode and one even mode. The results agree well with the selection rules predicted by the microscopic theory of Raman scattering in superlattices, developed recently by Huang and co-workers. In addition, the interface modes and the combinations of interface modes and confined modes are also observed in the two configurations.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

Interfacial formation processes and reactions between Au and hydrogenated amorphous Si have been studied by photoemission spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy. A three-dimensional growth of Au metal cluster occurs at initial formation of the Au/a-Si:H interface. When Au deposition exceeds a critical time, Au and Si begin interdiffusing and react to create an Au-Si alloy region. Annealing enhances interdiffusion and a Si-rich region exists on the topmost surface of Au films on a-Si:H.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

The Ni/Au contact was treated with oxalic acid after annealing in O_2 ambient, and its I-V characteristic showed the property of contact has been obviously improved. An Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) depth pro-file of the contact as-annealed showed that the top layer was highly resistive NiO, while an X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) of oxalic acid treated samples indicated that the NiO has been removed effectively. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of the contacts, and it was found that the lacunaris surface right after annealing became quite smooth with lots of small Au exposed areas after oxalic acid treatment. When the test probe or the subsequently deposited Ti/Au was directly in contact with these small Au areas, they worked as low resistive current paths and thus decrease the specific contact resistance.

Relevância:

20.00% 20.00%

Publicador:

Resumo:

采用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法在Si(001)衬底上分别制备了有金属Au缓冲层以及无Au缓冲层的ZnO薄膜。其中Au缓冲层在物理气相沉积(PVD)设备中蒸发,厚度大约为300nm。有Au缓冲层的ZnO薄膜晶体质量比直接在Si衬底上生长有了显著提高。利用X射线衍射(XRD)研究了所生长ZnO薄膜的结晶质量,有Au缓冲层的ZnO薄膜虽然仍为多晶,但显示出明显的择优取向。用光学显微镜研究了ZnO薄膜的表面特征,金属Au缓冲层显著地提高了在Si衬底上生长的ZnO薄膜的晶粒尺寸及平整度。同时利用室温光致发光(PL)谱研究了ZnO薄膜的光学性质,并分析了有Au缓冲层的ZnO薄膜NEB发光峰强度反而弱的可能原因。