216 resultados para 796.332


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采用DEAE-sephadex A-50、Sephadex G-100、CM-sepharose cl-6B三步柱层析,从烙铁头(T. mucrosquamatus)蛇毒中纯化得到的精氨酸酯酶在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(pH 8.3)和SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胼电泳中均呈现单一的蛋白带。其分子量为29000,等电点pI为5.2;由225个氨基酸残基组成,其中Gly,Asp和Glu的含量较高。它是一个糖蛋白,含有0.5%的中性已糖和0.75%的唾液酸,对热及酸碱变化较稳定。在280nm波长处有典型的蛋白质吸收峰,此时的消光数E0.1%/1cm为1.332。该酶具有较强的精氨酸酯酶活性和纤维蛋白原溶解活性,无出血活性、酪蛋白水解活性以及粗毒中含有的其它酶活性。从烙铁头(T. mucrosquamatus)蛇毒中纯化的具纤维蛋白原溶解活性的精氨酸酯酶(MFAE)是一丝氨酸蛋白酶,其活性可被PMSF抑制而不受EDTA的影响。MFAE酶促反应的最适pH为8.4,最适温度55 ℃; pH7.6、37 ℃时水解BAEER的米氏常数K_m为20 * 10~(-3)M。该酶能降解纯化人纤维蛋白原的Bβ链以及纯化牛纤维蛋白原的Aα和Bβ链,并有一定的纤维蛋白溶解活性。它能明显延长兔血浆的凝血酶时间和复钙时间。纯化的MFAE无出血活性、凝血酶样活性及血小板聚集活性,对ADP、AA、TMVA、Melittin等诱导的血小板聚集也无抑制或解聚作用。本文还测定了它对凝血酶及胞浆毒特异性合成三肽底物的水解活性。

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在黑白仰鼻猴(Rhinopithecus bieti)分布区北端的南仁(99o04’E, 28o34’N), 野外工作分别于2001年4月10日 - 6月30 日(代表冬末和春季),9月14日 - 12月20日(夏秋季)进行。我们分别用粪便取样法、录像带记录和直接观察法收集了猴群生境的垂直利用、过夜处选择和社会组织数据。此外,我们于1998年8月20日到12月31日在中科院昆明动物研究所老所利用全发生取样法(All-Occurence sampling)收集了一个单雄多雌单元(One-male, multi-female unit: OMU)的性行为数据。另外,我们利用昆明动物所1994 - 2003年和昆明动物园1991 - 2003年笼养黑白仰鼻猴群的出生记录来说明出生季节和出生间隔。 黑白仰鼻猴群全年在3500 - 4300 m的林带上活动,集中利用的海拔带为3900 - 4200 m,这可能与猴群的主食(松萝)主要分布于高海拔有关。冬季, 山沟中的粪便密度高于山脊,这可能是猴群在沟中过夜的缘故。猴群喜欢在树高(27.5 ± 3.2 m)较高、胸径(57.9 ± 16.9 cm)和树冠(6.3 ± 1.4 m)大的针叶树(云冷杉)上过夜。猴群冬季喜欢在阳坡中部的针叶树上过夜,这样既安全又可以接受适量的阳光照射。这是猴群在选择最安全和最暖和过夜处的一种折衷策略。 1994年猴群OMUs大小为7.8 ± 1.7(n = 17),成年性比(M/F)是1.0: 3.8。2001年OMUs大小为10.1 ± 3.7 (n = 15),成年性比是1.0: 4.9。1994-2001年,OMUs中每个成年雌性每年的平均增长率是0.04。这种OMU-band两层社会组织与Kirkpatrick(1996)的报道一致。 雌性以匍匐地面或栖木上,同时面部和视线左右摆动,或者坐着上下移动头部的动作邀配;雄性则以伴有特别的叫声、露齿动颌表情邀配。在有射精记录的观察日中,平均每5.2次爬跨有1次射精,而单次爬跨就射精的仅占4.4%。雌性邀配了18次射精爬跨的大多数(72%),但163次非射精爬跨中她们邀配的仅为45%。雄性在射精交配中叫声多于非射精交配。该种交配模式与其它疣猴亚科动物相似,而性内交配竞争可能与这种模式的进化有关。 笼养黑白仰鼻猴群的出生日期为12 - 6月份,出生高峰期为3 - 5月份。猴群的平均出生日期为4月18日(标准差为43天),中位出生日期为4月10日。猴群的出生间隔平均为624 ± 150天(n = 15,范围:332 - 787天)。幼猴可活到1岁后的出生间隔(706 ± 71, n = 12, 498 - 787天)显著长于1岁内死亡或流产后的出生间隔(428 ± 87, n = 5, 332 - 568天)。婴猴性比(M/F)显著偏离1: 1。

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Transient photocurrents induced by short light pulses at lattice-matched GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs multiple quantum well (MQW) electrodes were studied as a function of electrode potential. Dual exponential photocurrent decay transients were observed at various potentials. By analysis of the dual exponential decay transients, information on steady state photocurrents (I-s), surface collection of photoexcited minority carriers (G(0)) and lifetimes of surface states (T-s) was obtained. The kinetic behaviors of photoprocesses at illuminated MQW/electrolyte interface were discussed.

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在较高工作气压(332.5~399Pa)下,采用等离子增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)工艺制备了优质的本征纳米硅薄膜及掺磷的纳米硅薄膜,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼散射(Raman) 测试技术对其进行了测试和分析.结果表明纳米硅薄膜的XRD谱中存在(111)、(220)和(331)峰位;Raman谱中显示出其薄膜中的晶粒的大小(2~5nm)符合纳米晶的要求.将制备的纳米硅薄膜初步用于栅极/ITO/n-nc-Si∶H/i-nc-Si∶H/p-c-Si/Al/Ag结构的异质结(HIT)太阳能电池,开路电压(Voc)达404mV,短路电流密度(Jsc)可达到34.2mA/cm2(AM1.5,100mW/cm~2,25℃).

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A technology for the monolithic integration of resonant tunneling diodes (RTDs) and high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) is developed. Molecular beam epitaxy is used to grow an RTD on a HEMT structure on GaAs substrate. The RTD has a room temperature peak-to-valley ratio of 5.2:1 with a peak current density of 22.5kA/cm~2. The HEMT has a 1μm gate length with a-1V threshold voltage. A logic circuit called a monostableto-bistable transition logic element (MOBILE) circuit is developed. The experimental result confirms that the fabricated logic circuit operates successfully with frequency operations of up to 2GHz.

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To provide the dynamics of cavity polariton in semiconductor microcavity containing GaAs quantum-well, the dispersions of the three cavity polaritons have been given by the model of three coupled oscillators, meanwhile the linewidths, group velocities and the mass of the three cavity polaritons have been demonstrated. The results indicated that because of the weight occupied by the photon, heavy hole exciton and light hole extiton in the three cavity ploariton the cavity polaritons exhibited different dynamic behaviors.

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利用变温Hall测量研究了重掺杂InGaAs/InAlAs单量子阱中二维电子气,发现在量子阱中由于存在电子对称态和反对称态导致纵向电阻出现拍频现象.通过分析拍频节点位置,得到电子对称态和反对称态之间的能级间距为4meV.此外,通过迁移率谱方法和多载流子拟合过程研究了不同迁移率电子的浓度和迁移率随温度的变化关系.

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在空间生长SI-GaAs的某些部位有汽泡产生,经俄歇分析,汽泡表面约有10nm的砷层,它从半绝缘砷化镓内部逸出,导致其成为半导体。用阴极荧光形貌观测了其多晶结构。

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国家自然科学基金

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详细地分析了离子注入掺铒硅的光致发光谱,有5个发光峰分别位于1.536μm、1.554μ、1.570μm、1.598μ和1.640μm,其中1.536μm发光峰最强。结合背散射谱,认为其有效的发光中心为处于T_d对称中心的填隙铒Er~(3+)离子。在Er与O、N、C共掺样品应分别存在Er-O、Er-N和Er-C发光中心,其对应的PL发光峰分别为1.570μm、1.536μm和1.608μm。

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650 nm-range AlGaInP multi-quantum well (MQW) laser diodes grown by low pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD) have been studied and the results are presented in this paper. Threshold current density of broad area contact laser diodes can be as low as 350 A/cm(2). Laser diodes with buried-ridge strip waveguide structures were made, threshold currents and differential efficiencies are (22-40) mA and (0.2-0.7) mW/mA, respectively. Typical output power for the laser diodes is 5 mW, maximum output power of 15 mW has been obtained. Their operation temperature can be up to 90 degrees C under power of 5 mW. After operating under 90 degrees C and 5 mW for 72 hrs, the average increments for the threshold currents of the lasers at 25 degrees C and the operation currents at 5 mW (at 25 degrees C) are (2-3) mA and (3-5) mA, respectively. Reliability tests showed that no obvious degradation was observed after 1400 hours of CW operation under 50 degrees C and 2.5 mW.

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本文首次对我国东北地区稻田和旱田(大豆田)中甲烷(CH_4)和氧化亚氮(N_2O)的排放通量进行观测,研究了环境因素对这两种温室效应气体排放的影响。观测结果表明:稻田在作物生长季节是CH_4的排放源(source),作物被收割之后则成为甲烷的汇(sink)。在作物生长季,稻田的CH_4排放通量变化在2.41-26.1mgCH_4/m~2·h之间,平均通量为14.82mgCH_4/m~2·h。稻田N_2O通量在-116.89-100.69μgN_2O/m~2·h间变化,平均通量为-6.36 μg/m~2·h。旱田完全是N_2O的排放源,通量在3.99-332.3 μg N_2O/m~2·h之间变化,平均通量是88.54 μgN_2O/m~2·h。旱田主要表现为甲烷的汇。稻田中甲烷主要在0-5cm土层中产生。水稻和大豆分别对CH_4和N_2O的排放起着重要作用。稻田甲烷排放通量与温度(特别是气温)有极显著的正相关性,也与土壤中硝态氮含量呈显著正相关/旱田甲烷排放通量与土壤中铵态氮浓度呈显著负相关,而N_2O通量则与铵态氮浓度呈正相关,但有3-4天的时间滞后现象。旱田甲烷和氧化亚氮的排放受土壤含水量的影响。本文还讨论了实验室条件下施肥对稻田土壤CH_4产生作用的影响。厩肥的施入影响较弱,而稻杆的影响则十分强烈。尿素也促进CH_4的产生。100和200μg/g(土)的尿素加入量增大了产甲烷速率和甲烷产量;300μg/g(土)的尿素加入量没有增大产甲烷速率,却延长产甲烷时间,使甲烷产量增加更多。土壤中CH_4和N_2O的产生过程之间似乎呈相互消长关系。