97 resultados para IC-GARCHSK
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IC制造艺的发展,持续增加着VLSI电路的集成密度,亦日益加大了电路故障测试的复杂性和困难度。作者在承担相应研究课题的基础上,综述了常规通用测试方法和技术,并分析了其局好性。详细叙述了边界扫描测试(BST)标准、可测性设计(DFT)思想和内建自测试(BIST)策略。针对片上系统(SoC)和深亚微米(VDSM)技术给故障测试带来的新挑战,本文进行了初步的论述和探讨
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从SOI CMOS模拟集成电路(IC)中存在的关键问题--浮体效应--及其影响出发,介绍了在解决浮体效应以后,已实现的有代表性的模拟集成电路的发展状况.特别指出了SOICMOS在实现RF电路及SOC芯片中的优点.
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对SIMI2000数模IC测试系统的模拟量发生器进行了改进,采用多级分布式流水线步进传输结构,解决了从控制器到终端之间的数据传输问题以及灵活扩展的问题。
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该文报道了一种改进本征吸杂技术--低温短时热退火工艺,以增强本征吸杂效果,在本征吸杂工艺的低温热退火中,用连续的线性缓慢升温(Ramping)退火替代常规的长时间低温恒温退火,应用于直拉(CZ)重掺N型硅衬底片,明显增加了氧沉淀等体微缺陷密度,这些高密度氧沉淀物在随后IC器件工艺中继续长大,成为稳定的高效本征吸杂中心。从经典的成核沉淀理论,讨论了Ramping热退火重掺硅衬底片增强氧沉淀机理。
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本文通过广泛查阅国内外有关技术资料,针对高浓度有机氰废水难以生化处理的现实情况,详细分析了难生化处理的成因及存在的问题。在国内外首次全面研究了有机氰废水及主要污染物的生化特性,试验确定了主要污染物对产甲烷菌的50%抑制浓度,开创了主要有机氰废水的后化调控新技术,极大的改善了高浓度有机氰废水的生化特性,为有机氰废水的生化处理创造了有利条件。研究结果表明,丙烯腈生产一段急冷废水、二段急冷废水和腈纶生产工艺废水3种废水为难以生化降解的废水,其BOD_5/COD比值分别为0.15、0.17、0.33,BD%分别为36.3、45.8、53。据此,明确了生化调控的对象。高浓度有机氰废水中,聚合物、CN~-、AN、乙腈、NH_3-N、SO_3~(2-)为影响废水生化处理的主要水质因素,聚合物、CN~-、AN、乙腈的可生化性较差,其BOD_5/COD比值在0.3以下;聚合物、CN~-、AN、乙腈为抑制厌氧生物降解性能的主要有机毒性物质,其50%IC分别为1300、4.5、85、320mg/L, 氧氮、含硫化合物为抑制厌氧生物解的主要无机毒性物质。首次将精馏法用于丙烯腈生产一段急冷废水的可生化性调控,打破了传统的以氧化分解工艺为途径的可生化性调控模式,将制约废水生化性能的主要污染物丙烯腈、乙腈、HCN及聚合物从水中进行了有效分离,实现了有用物质的回收。同时极大的降低了废水中污染物的浓度,COD由调控前的124.6mg/L降到7.9g/L,有效地改善了废水的可生化性能,其BOD_5/COD比值由原来的0.15提高到0.41,BD%由原来的36.3提高到67.5。开发了Ca~(2+)~汽提法对丙烯腈生产二段急冷废水进行可生化性调控,废水中的氨氮及SO_4~(2-)的去除率达到99%以上,其浓度分别由原来的51728、147560 mg/L降为70.3、1100mg/L,氰类化合物亦有96%以上的去除率,从根本上提高了废水的可生化性能,废水的BOD_5/COD由原来的0.17提高到0.32,BD%由原来的45.8提高到70.2。开发了曝气~Ca~(2+)~混凝法对腈纶生产工艺废水进行可生化性调控,降低了对厌氧生化具有抑制作用的毒性物质,SO_3~(2-)由原来的843mg/L降到64mg/L;聚合物由原来的4730mg/L降到1190mg/L。废水的生化性能得到了改善,BOD_5/COD由原来的0.33提高到0.42,BD%由原来的53提高到76.2。提出了高浓度有机氰废水的总体处理方案,该方案具有明显的技术优势,环境效益和经济效益明显。方案分为可生化性调控及生化处理两部分,可生化性调控部分以改善废水的可生化性能为目的,同时实现废弃物的资源化;生化处理部分采用生物脱氮处理工艺,可望达到很好的处理效果。
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For the cube-corner indenter, an approximate linear relationship between the ratio of hardness (H) to reduced modulus (E-r) and the ratio of unloading work (W-u) to total loading work (W-t) is confirmed by finite-element calculations and by experiments. Based on this relationship a convenient method to determine the fracture toughness (K-IC) of brittle materials, especially for those at small scale, using cube-corner indentations is proposed. Finally, the method is calibrated by indentation experiments on a set of brittle materials. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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光学显微检测在半导体探测器研制的多个环节具有重要意义。利用较低价单元、部件组装了一套数字影像光学显微系统,性能与国外中档产品相当,性价比卓越。该系统拥有微机控制的高清晰数字摄影装置,配置大屏幕监视器,搭载高倍干系物镜,分辨率达到0.2μm,可以进行明暗场、偏光、干涉观测。它可以方便的用于缺陷、沾污控制,图形检测,表面光洁度检验,材料鉴定等方面,还可用于测试、封装、修理等精细操作。通过观察焊点的表面形貌,钎料合金的显微结构,可以鉴定焊点质量。如果结合多光束干涉技术可用于表面起伏的精细测量。论文叙述了该系统在半导体探测器研制上的应用,详述了其建造细节。
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The clinical trials of tumor therapy using heavy ions beam C-12 are now in progress at Institute of Modem Physics in Lanzhou. In order to achieve the precise radiotherapy with the high energy C-12 beam in active pencil beam scanning mode, we have developed an ionization chamber(IC) as an online monitor for beam intensity and also a dosimeter after calibration. Through the choosing of working gas and voltage, optimizing of the electrics and the read-out system, calibrating the linearity, the detector system provide us one of the simple and highly reliable way to monitoring the beam during the active pencil beam scanning treatments. The measurement results of this detector system show that it could work well under the condition of high energy C-12 beam in active pencil beam scanning mode.
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目的观察尼美舒利(nimesulide)对人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7辐射敏感性的影响,并探讨其可能机制。方法实验分为对照组、加药组、单纯照射组(radiation treatment,RT)及加药照射组,用噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测尼美舒利对MCF-7细胞生长抑制率的影响,并选择用药后72h测得的IC20-IC30(抑制浓度,inhibiting concentration,IC)对应的药物浓度作为辐射增敏工作浓度;克隆形成实验检测尼美舒利对MCF-7的放射增敏作用;通过流式细胞仪检测细胞周期分布的变化。Western印迹法检测与凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2和Bax的表达水平;并用单细胞凝胶电泳技术检测DNA的损伤及修复。结果尼美舒利对MCF-7细胞的生长抑制作用呈时间依赖性和剂量依赖性,但对周期分布无明显变化。尼美舒利加药照射组与单纯照射组比较,克隆存活曲线的肩区变窄,bcl-2表达下调,但对Bax表达没有明显影响。尼美舒利本身不明显增加MCF-7的DNA损伤,但可明显延缓放射引起的SSB的修复。结论提示尼美舒利对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞株具有辐射增敏作用,其放射增敏机制可能通过抑制DNA损伤修复并下调bcl-2来得以实现。
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本文全面地论述了自助银行集成应用系统(CSBS)的研制开发及这一系统的结构、性能和软硬件特色。论文前一部分阐明了系统的开发背景,系统模型的建立,整体的系统结构(包括详细的软硬件设计);接着从系统应用方面给出了一个使用说明;然后从系统的可靠性及系统的应用性能方面进行了总结以及介绍本人具体完成的工作;最后一部分探讨了一个解决银行业务系统安全的方案。CSBS自助银行集成应用系统是一个从事金融业务的专用系统,采用Client/Server软件结构,涉及终端通讯技术、磁卡技术、IC卡技术、打印技术,安全加密技术等许多硬件及软件技术。CSBS自助银行集成应用系统是一项完全依靠自身技术进行开发的高新技术项目,其功能超过国外同类系统,价格低于国外同类产品,使用存折、储蓄卡、信用卡、IC卡实现银行服务业务,具有明显的市场效益和应用前景。
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目的:木论文重点研究重离子不同剂量离子辐照后DNA损伤程度的变化,以及进而引起的细胞周期改变等现象。为重离子治癌的临床应用积累必要的基础数据。材料与方法:采用兰州重离子研究装置(HIRFL)加速的碳、氖等重离子辐照体外培养的贴璧肿瘤细胞,以单细胞电泳法(SCGE)检测DNA的损伤程度;以流式细胞技术(FCM)检测细胞的周期改变现象。结果:1.SMMC-7721月干癌细胞经重离子(氖、碳)辐照后,DNA损伤现象明显,表现为单细胞电泳中出现的普遍的拖尾现象(t-test,P<0.001,compared with control。2.80MeV/u 2ONe10+辐照后立即检测发现:2Gy造成100%的细胞损伤:8Gy照射造成80%的细胞严重损伤:且彗尾拖尾长度随剂量增加早.指数关系增长,仔值为0.99058。3.辐照后12小时,若干不同剂量辐照的样品其彗尾长度趋于相同:如05协、Ic)和ZGy辐照样品的彗尾长度分别为132.3±12.8、132.9±9.5和133.1±11.7μm,24h,时为35.0±3.9、35.5±4.1和48.2±6.Oμm,这说明在一定剂量范围内(0.5-2Gy)的辐照下,随着修复时间的延长,细胞DNA的损伤程度将趋于相同。同时,细胞继续孵育12小时,对于0.55-2Gy辐照组来说DNA的损伤情况是24小时内操作最严重的。4.辐照后24小时,0.5-2Gy辐照组埙份明显修复,略高于对照,但是对于4Gy和SGy辐照组仍带有明显的损伤现魏。簇说眼熏离子辐照(>4Gy)所致DNA报伤的不足修复性。5,DNA的损伤将导致细胞通过一系列调节机制抑制细胞周期的进行,为DNA修复系统提供充足的时间进行DNA修复,从而造成明显的细胞周期阳.滞现琢,这在重离子辐照实验中同样得到证实,尤其是S期、G2/M期阻净带现象非常明显。
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In the experiment of nuclear reaction, it is important to measure the mass, charge, energy and emitted direction of particles. For multiparameter measurement, we must use a detector or a group of detectors which can give the time, energy, and position information. The Large Area position sensitive Ionization Chamber(LAIC) is one of the eight experiment terminals of HIRFL. It is built for researching nuclear reactions from low energy to intermediate energy. It is an excellent equipment for energy measurements and atomic number identification of emitted fragments in this energy region. It is also designed to give the time and position information of the emitted fragments by itself. Obviously, an IC can not supply a good timing signal. Moreover, the mechanical installation is different from the original design by some other reasons. In this case, it is not enough to obtain the correct direction information of the emitted fragments. To obtain good timing signals and the correct direction information, some modifications must be made. It is well known that a PPAC can give us excellent timing signals. It also can be easily built as a position sensitive detector. For this reason, a specially designed PPAC is installed in the entrance of the LAIC. For the different purposes, two types of PPACs were designed and tested. Both are OCTPSACs (OCTunit one dimension Position Sensitive Avalanche Counter). In this paper, both OCTPSACs will be introduced. Based on the requirements of the LAIC, the OCTPSACs consist of eight position sensitive PPACs. Each PPAC has an anode and a cathode. In both cases, the sizes are same. But different type of cathodes are used. In one type of OCTPSAC, its cathode is made of wire plane. It consists of gold-plated tungsten wires with the diameter of 20μm, spaced 0.5 mm apart from each other. The anode is a mylar foil which was evaporated by gold layer with the thickness of 50μg/cm~2 mounted on a printed plate in the shape of rectangle. the thickness of mylar foil is 1.5μm. The gap between anode and cathode is 3mm. The performance of the OCTPSAC has been tested by using a ~(252)Cf source in flowing isobutylene gas at the pressure of 3.4mb. The intrinsic time resolution of 289ps and position resolution of 2 mm have been obtained. In another type of OCTPSAC, the cathode is made of mylar foil, which is composed of gold strip by vacuume evaporation method with a special mask on the mylar foil. The thickness and the width of the gold strip is 50μg/cm~2 and 1.7mm. The strips are spaced 0.3 mm apart from each other. The anode is the same as the former type. We have obtained the time resolution of 296ps and position resolution of 2mm by using ~(241)Am-a source when the gas pressure is 6 mb and high voltage is 600V. The working gas is heptane
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本文共分为两个部分: 第一部,详细阐述了闪烁体探测器的原理。介绍了研制的用于HIRFL的TR4终端上的多单元(Phoswich)闪烁体探测器阵列,其目的是测量中能重离子核反应中出射粒子的电荷、能量、位置和粒子达到的时间信息。并给出了在初步测试中取得的结果。测试表明,该探测系统有很好的粒子鉴别能力. 第二部分,介绍了研制的大面积双叠层电离室,它是放射性核素次级束流线实验终端的主要探测设备之一,为次级反应产物提供两个ΔE信号.在首次放射性核束调试中取得了满意的结果.