赤麂Sty基因的定位及Y染色体的鉴别

应用流式细胞仪分离赤麂的1，Yl，Y2染色体，通过简并寡核苷酸引物聚合 酶链武反应(DOP-PCR)增加模板数量．用人的性别决定基因HMG框内设计1对引 物进行PCR扩增．在雄性赤麂Y2染色体DOP-PCR产物中扩增出与人SRY基因同源 的Sly基因片段，经克隆测序后，初步证明赤麂Y2染色体是真正的Y染色体，同时对 赤麂s珂基因进行了初步定位．

Deep RNA sequencing at single base-pair resolution reveals high complexity of the rice transcriptome

Understanding the dynamics of eukaryotic transcriptome is essential for studying the complexity of transcriptional regulation and its impact on phenotype. However, comprehensive studies of transcriptomes at single base resolution are rare, even for modern organisms, and lacking for rice. Here, we present the first transcriptome atlas for eight organs of cultivated rice. Using high-throughput paired-end RNA-seq, we unambiguously detected transcripts expressing at an extremely low level, as well as a substantial number of novel transcripts, exons, and untranslated regions. An analysis of alternative splicing in the rice transcriptome revealed that alternative cis-splicing occurred in similar to 33% of all rice genes. This is far more than previously reported. In addition, we also identified 234 putative chimeric transcripts that seem to be produced by trans-splicing, indicating that transcript fusion events are more common than expected. In-depth analysis revealed a multitude of fusion transcripts that might be by-products of alternative splicing. Validation and chimeric transcript structural analysis provided evidence that some of these transcripts are likely to be functional in the cell. Taken together, our data provide extensive evidence that transcriptional regulation in rice is vastly more complex than previously believed.

Coupling between NMDA receptor and acid-sensing ion channel contributes to ischemic neuronal death

Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) composed of ASIC1a subunit exhibit a high Ca2+ permeability and play important roles in synaptic plasticity and acid-induced cell death. Here, we show that ischemia enhances ASIC currents through the phosphorylation at Ser478 and Ser479 of ASIC1a, leading to exacerbated ischemic cell death. The phosphorylation is catalyzed by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) activity, as a result of activation of NR2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of glutamate receptors (NMDARs) during ischemia. Furthermore, NR2B-specific antagonist, CaMKII inhibitor, or overexpression of mutated form of ASIC1a with Ser478 or Ser479 replaced by alanine (ASICla-S478A, ASIC1a-S479A) in cultured hippocampal neurons prevented ischemia-induced enhancement of ASIC currents, cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation, as well as neuronal death. Thus, NMDAR-CaMKII cascade is functionally coupled to ASICs and contributes to acidotoxicity during ischemia. Specific blockade of NMDAR/CaMKII-ASIC coupling may reduce neuronal death after ischemia and other pathological conditions involving excessive glutamate release and acidosis.

锯缘青蟹可溶性蛋白与可溶性糖的季节变化

锯缘青蟹(Scylla serrata)是生活在河口海区的一种经济甲壳动物,环境温度对其生化组成具有重要影响,而其环境温度是随季节变化而不断变化.本研究采用生物化学方法对锯缘青蟹鳃、肝胰腺和肌肉等3种器官组织中可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量的季节变化进行研究.结果显示锯缘青蟹3种不同器官、组织中可溶性蛋白含量,均是夏季最低,冬季最高,春秋季介于2者之间.3者的变化趋势一致,春季后降低,夏季降至最低,然后秋季和冬季依次升高.3种不同器官、组织中可溶性糖含量均是春季最高,夏季最低,秋冬季介于2者之间.其变化趋势是春

鲸类微卫星引物对长江江豚的适用性研究

微卫星在长江江豚 (Neophocaenaphocaenoidesasiaeorientalis)中的应用研究还未见报道。本研究采用已发表的来自 6个鲸种的 2 3对微卫星引物对一个长江江豚群体DNA样本进行了微卫星扩增。结果表明其中有 7对引物在此群体中的扩增产物是稳定且多态的 ,序列分析结果表明这 7对引物的扩增产物都具有AC或GT两碱基重复单元 ,从而证明了扩增的有效性。研究结果表明用从其他鲸类分离出的微卫星引物可以快速筛选到适用于长江江豚指纹分析的引物

异育银鲫人工繁育群体中复合四倍体的发现及其育种潜力

<正> 雌核发育在鱼类中是一种罕见的生殖方式,而在雌核发育生殖的几种鱼类中,银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)尤为特殊。其特殊性主要表现为:(1) 既采用雌核发育方式生殖,又具有一定比例的雄性个体,是进行天然雌核发育的两性型种群;(2) 用异源精子受精,不仅能激发卵子进行雌核发育,其子代全为雌性,而且具有明显的生物学效应,由兴国红鲤

Studies on the restoration succession of PFU microbial communities in a pilot-scale microcosm

In order to imitate the restoration succession process of natural water ecosystem, a laboratory microcosm system of constant-flow-restoration was designed and established. A eutrophycation lake, Lake Donghu, was selected as the subject investigated. Six sampling stations were set on the lake, among which the water of station IV was natural clean water, and others were polluted with different degrees. Polyurethane foam unit microbial communities, which had colonized in the stations for a month, were collected from these stations and placed in their respective microcosms, using clean water of station IV to gradually replace the water of these microcosms. In this process, the healthy community in clean water continuously replaced the damaged communities in polluted water, the restoration succession of the damaged communities was characterized by weekly determination of several functional and structural community parameters, including species number (S), diversity index (DI), community pollution value (CPV), heterotrophy index (HI), and similarity coefficient. Cluster analysis based on similarity coefficient was used to compare the succession discrepancies of these microbial communities from different stations. The ecological succession of microbial communities during restoration was investigated by the variable patterns of these parameters, and based on which, the restoration standards of these polluted stations were suggested in an ecological sense. That was, while being restored, the water of station 0 (supereutrophycation) should be substituted with natural clean water by 95%; station I (eutrophycation), more than 90%; station II (eutrophycation), more than 85%; station III (eutrophycation), about 85%; station V (mesoetitrophycation), less than 50%. The effects of the structural and functional parameters in monitoring and assessing ecological restoration are analyzed and compared. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Peculiar photocurrent response due to Gamma-X coupling in a GaAs/AlAs heterostructure

Peculiar current jumps and hysteresis in current-voltage curves are reported in an illuminated heterostructure consisting basically of a thick AlAs layer and a narrow GaAs quantum well. These novel features come from the photon-assisted transfer of electron-hole pairs and the resultant charge polarization in the structure, mainly caused by the resonant Gamma-X coupling at the heterointerfaces. Using the transfer-matrix method, the simulated current density-voltage curve reproduces the main features of the experimental observations in the case where the influence of resonant Gamma-X coupling at the heterointerfaces is included, further confirming the physical mechanism involved. The structure presented here may be used as a new type of photonic memory cell and also as an optically controlled switch.

Gallium diffusion through cubic GaN films grown on GaAs(100) at high-temperature using low-pressure MOVPE

Cubic GaN films were grown on GaAs(1 0 0) substrates by low-pressure metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy at high temperature. We have found a nonlinear relation between GaN film thickness and growth timer and this nonlinearity becomes more obvious with increasing growth temperature. We assumed it was because of Ga diffusion through the GaN film, and developed a model which agrees well with the experimental results. These results raise questions concerning the role of Ga diffusion through the GaN film, which may affect the electrical and optical properties of the material. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Characterization of self-organized InAs/GaAs quantum dots under strain-induced and temperature-controlled nucleation mechanisms by atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy

Atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) has been used to study asymmetric bilayer InAs quantum dot (QD) structures grow by molecular-beam epitaxy on GaAs (001) substrates. The two InAs layers were separated by a 7-nm-thick GaAs spacer layer and were grown at different substrate temperature. We took advantage of the intrinsic nonuniformity of the molecular beams to grow the seed layer with an average InAs coverage of 2.0 ML. Then the seed layer thickness could be divided into three areas: below, around and above the critical thickness of the 2D-3D transition along the 11101 direction of the substrate. Correspondingly, the nucleation mechanisms of the upper InAs layer (UIL) could be also divided into three areas: temperature-controlled, competition between temperature-controlled and strain-induced, and strain-induced (template-controlled) nucleation. Small quantum dots (QDs) with a large density around 5 x 10(10) cm(-2) are found in the temperature-controlled nucleation area. The QD size distributions undergo a bimodal to a unimodal transition with decreasing QD densities in the strain-induced nucleation area, where the QD densities vary following that of the seed layer (templating effect). The optimum QD density with the UIL thickness fixed at 2.4 ML is shown to be around 1.5 x 10(10) cm(-2), for which the QD size distribution is unimodal and PL emission peaks at the longest wavelength. The QDs in the in-between area exhibit a broad size distribution with small QDs and strain-induced large QDs coexisting.

Simulation of a monolithically integrated CMOS bioamplifier for EEG recordings

A monolithically integrated CMOS bioamplifier is presented in this paper for EEG recording applications. The capacitive-coupled circuit input structure is utilized to eliminate the large and random DC offsets existing in the electrode-tissue interface. Diode-connected NMOS transistors with negative voltage between gate and source are candidates for large resistors necessary to the bioamplifier. A passive BEF (Band Eliminator Filter) can reduce 50 Hz noise disturbance strength by more than 60 dB. A novel analysis approach is given to help determine the noise power spectral density. Simulation results show that the two-stage CMOS bioamplifier in a closed-loop capacitive feedback configuration,provides an AC in-band gain of 39.6 dB, a DC gain of zero, and an input-referred noise of 87 nVrms integrated from 0.01 Hz to 100 Hz.

布尔函数的非线性度量及其构造

布尔函数或者向量布尔函数是很多序列密码和分组密码的核心构件之一，因此这些函数密码学性质的好坏直接关系到密码系统的安全性和稳定性，所以构造密码学性质好的布尔函数或者分析布尔函数的密码学性质是一个十分有意义的研究工作。本文对有关问题进行了深入研究并得到一些有意义的结果。本文的主要结果有： (1) 对低差分均匀性函数的研究。由于完全非线性函数在几何、编码理论、密码学和设计中都有很多重要的应用，但是对完全非线性函数的性质研究比较少，因此本文研究了完全非线性函数的一些性质，得到了完全非线性函数的几个充要条件；几乎完全非线性函数抗击差分攻击是最优的，但是有几类已知的几乎完全非线性函数抗击线性攻击的能力还不知道，因此本文研究了三类几乎完全非线性函数抗击线性攻击的能力，即研究了三类几乎完全非线性函数非线性度的下界；本文还构造了差分均匀性为4的函数，这些函数由于其差分均匀性较低，同样能够较好的抗击差分攻击。 (2) 对布尔函数高阶非线性度的研究。非线性度是衡量布尔函数抗击线性攻击的能力，相对应的高阶非线性度是衡量布尔函数抗击高阶线性攻击的能力。在现有文献中研究布尔函数高阶非线性度的文献很少，因此本文研究了四类具有较高非线性度的布尔函数的二阶非线性度下界，这些下界刻画了这四类布尔函数抗击二阶线性攻击的能力。 (3)对单项式bent函数和半-bent函数的研究。单项式bent函数在bent函数的研究中有重要的意义，但是现在知道的单项式bent函数并不多，本文在已有的单项式bent函数的基础上构造了一类新的单项式bent函数；bent函数虽然有最优的非线性度，但是由于bent函数不具有平衡性，因此bent函数并不能直接用到密码系统中，于是本文构造了几类非线性度较高并且可以使其平衡的半-bent函数。同时本文还给出了一种由已有的半-bent函数或者已有的bent函数构造新的半-bent函数的方法，这种方法的优点是不增加新函数变元的个数。

基于机群架构的并行数据库实现技术研究

在总结了现有并行数据库实现模型的基础上,基于"半重写变换"模型[1]实现了一个并行数据库系统的原型。通过对数据划分/重划分、并行选择、并行排序、并行连接等关键操作的实验分析,指出了"半重写变换"模型存在的缺陷,并提出了一种混合式的改进模型。从理论上说,在机群架构下实现并行数据库系统,这种混合模型较单一模型更有优势。