Testimonial Injustice without Credibility Deficit (or Excess)

Peer reviewed

La valoración de la prueba testimonial; el paradigmático caso del Coronel Luis Alfonso Plazas Vega

De acuerdo a la coyuntura social por la que atraviesa actualmente la administración de justicia colombiana, en cuanto a la proliferación de injusticias y errores judiciales causados por la valoración probatoria positiva de los falsos testigos, nace nuestro estudio y la respectiva crítica a la estimación superficial que se realiza a la prueba testimonial por parte de algunos de nuestros jueces, y la aceptación sin mayor control que efectúa la Fiscalía General de la Nación. En ese sentido, se realiza una exhaustiva pero concisa investigación al respecto de todos y cada uno de los factores relevantes a la hora de valorar al deponente y su testimonio como medio probatorio, de suerte que establece los diferentes requisitos formales y sustanciales de los cuales debe gozar, tanto el testigo como su declaración, para que puedan ser tomados en cuenta a la hora de tomar una decisión judicial en materia penal. Con base en lo anterior, nuestra monografía consta de una parte teórica y una parte teóricopractica, en la cual se tomó como ejemplo principal, el paradigmático caso del Coronel ® Luis Alfonso Plazas Vega, toda vez que es un proceso que actualmente se encuentra en sede de casación, y aun no tiene un pronunciamiento definitivo por parte de la honorable Corte Suprema de Justicia, por lo cual es posible realizar una crítica constructiva y propia en lo que concierne a la valoración de la prueba testimonial, en el entendido en que no existe una decisión inequívoca. Finalmente, lo que se pretende con este trabajo es explicar de una manera sencilla y de fácil entendimiento la labor que deben realizar los jueces de la República y la Fiscalía, que aunque no es la que toma la decisión, también debería realizar un mínima valoración, o por lo menos una verificación al momento de aportar y darle credibilidad a testigos que son favorables a su teoría del caso. De forma tal que, la administración de justicia debe llevar a cabo una valoración probatoria, específicamente encaminada al estándar probatorio que se le debe atribuir al testimonio, teniendo en cuenta los factores externos e internos que afecten la declaración, y por los cuales se vea influenciada la misma; todo esto, con el fin de evitar los errores judiciales que se han generado a lo largo de nuestra historia, los cuales han conllevado a innumerables injusticias creando gran polémica y un desasosiego por parte de la sociedad civil.

Effects of susceptibility to normative influence and type of testimonial on attitudes toward print advertising

In two experiments, we show how a consumer’s susceptibility to normative influence (SNI) offers useful insights into the effectiveness of two types of testimonials: a typical person endorsement (Study 1) and a celebrity endorsement (Study 2). Specifically, we suggest that two variables moderate testimonial effects—SNI and product attribute information. Results show that in forming their evaluations, high-SNI consumers place a greater emphasis on the testimonial than on the attribute information. In contrast, low-SNI consumers are more influenced by attribute information. A mediation analysis shows that advertising attitudes for high-SNI consumers are mediated by testimonial thoughts, whereas the attitudes for low-SNI consumers are mediated by their attribute thoughts. Theoretical and managerial implications are presented.

Dissenters in dock at injustice of war

Review of 'The Trial of the Catonsville Nine', Brisbane Festival / Brisbane Powerhouse, published in The Australian, 28 September 200.

Testimonial

Print poem

Losing sleep : examining the cascading effects of supervisors' experience of injustice on subordinates' psychological health

In this paper, we identify two types of injustice as antecedents of abusive supervision and ultimately of subordinate psychological distress and insomnia. We examine distributive justice (an individual's evaluation of their input to output ratio compared to relevant others) and interactional injustice (the quality of interpersonal treatment received when procedures are implemented). Using a sample of Filipinos in a variety of occupations, we identify two types of injustice experienced by supervisors as stressors that provoke them to display abusive supervision to their subordinates. We examine two consequences of abusive supervision - subordinate psychological distress and insomnia. In addition, we identify two moderators of these relationships, namely, supervisor distress and subordinate self-esteem. We collected survey data from multiple sources including subordinates, their supervisors, and their partners. Data were obtained from 175 matched supervisor-subordinate dyads over a 6-month period, with subordinates' partners providing ratings of insomnia. Results of structural equation modelling analyses provided support for an indirect effects model in which supervisors' experience of unfair treatment cascades down the organization, resulting in subordinate psychological distress and, ultimately in their insomnia. In addition, results partially supported the proposed moderated relationships in the cascading model. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.

Book Review : The Concept of Injustice (Eric Heinze, Routledge, 2013)

Given the level of debate and theorising in Western thought on the topic of justice, it is curious that the concept of injustice has not attracted the same attention. While many schools of thought have sought to address various injustices, most define injustice solely as the opposite of their vision of a just society – it seems they have not been interested in exploring injustice per se. With this as a starting point, Eric Heinze’s The Concept of Injustice addresses this oversight and, by taking injustice itself as an object of analysis, adds a new dimension to these discussions...

Group portrait, testimonial dinner for Dr. Paul Klemperer's 10th anniversary at Mt. Sinai Hospital given by his students; Cavanagh's, New York City Portraits Groups

Digital Image

Performing injustice: human rights and verbatim theatre

Discusses the theatrical treatment of human rights, by reference to three British productions: Guantanamo: "Honor Bound to Defend Freedom" (2004), My Name is Rachel Corrie (2005) and Called to Account (2007), noting the use of verbatim testimony in such plays. Reviews legal scholarship highlighting the limitations of human rights laws. Considers the theatrical context of each of the plays and the ways in which they represent the status of human rights laws. Comments on the extent of theatre's practical impact on the advancement of human rights.

Struggles against Injustice:: Contemporary Critical Theory and Political Violence

This article investigates a significant problem in contemporary critical theory, namely its failure to address effectively the possibility that a campaign of political violence may be a legitimate means of fighting grave injustice. Having offered a working definition of ‘political violence’, I argue that critical theory should be focused on experiences of injustice rather than on ideals of justice. I then explore the reasons as to why, save for some intriguing remarks on retrospective legitimation, Jürgen Habermas has not addressed this issue directly. While Axel Honneth's recognition theory may have greater potential here, the absence of explicit consideration of the matter by him leaves considerable work to do. I introduce five questions in the concluding section that provide a starting point in setting out an appropriately stringent, normative test for claims that support violent action against injustice.

Elaboración de la revista testimonial : La mujer ecuatoriana

El documento consiste en una recopilación de los testimonios de seis mujeres ecuatorianas, con el objetivo de exponer situaciones que se viven a diario y son parte de nuestro entorno. Los testimonios relatados tienen su propia esencia, las historias son diferentes pero todas representan una lucha diaria frente a la vida.