Who’s blocking the Chinese Internet? The rise of cybercultures and the generational conflicts in China

As a decentralised communication technology, the Internet has offered much autonomy and unprecedented communication freedom to the Chinese public. Yet the Chinese government has imposed different forms of censorship over cyberspace. However, the Hong Kong erotic photo scandal reshuffles the traditional understanding of censorship in China as it points to a different territory. The paper takes the Hong Kong erotic photo scandal in 2008 as a case study and aims to examine the social and generational conflicts hidden in China. When thousands of photos containing sexually explicit images of Hong Kong celebrities were released on the Internet, gossip, controversies and eroticism fuelled the public discussion and threatened traditional values in China. The Internet provides an alternative space for the young Chinese who have been excluded from mainstream social discourse to engage in public debates. This, however, creates concerns, fear and even anger among the older generations in China, because they can no longer control, monitor and educate their children in the way that their predecessors have done for centuries. The photo scandal illustrates the internal social conflicts and distrust between generations in China and the generational conflict has a far-reaching political ramification as it creates a new concept of censorship.

Italian American women in Helen Barolini's Umbertina

This essay analyzes the story and the culture of Italian American women, in particular how they are treated in the novel "Umbertina" by Helen Barolini. The essay first introduces briefly the causes of the great migration and the conditions of immigrants in the US. Then the focus moves on the analysis of the main themes that belong to the genre of Italian American literature. After having shortly treated the biography of Helen Barolini and a general presentation of her novel Umbertina, the essay goes on with the description of its three Italian American female characters and, in particular, of what it meant to be both immigrants and women, together with all the interior and generational conflicts they had to face in order to accept their new hybrid identity. An analysis of some meaningful metaphorical objects in the novel, such as the tin heart and the bedspread, the metaphor of Persephone and of the threshold conclude the essay. Through the analysis of the story of Umbertina, this essay wants to show how migration can lead to a displacement and the kind of journey people had to undertake in order to overcome the conflicts deriving from their belonging to an in-between culture and to accept their hybrid identity.

JUVENTUDE, RELIGIÃO E PODER: UM ESTUDO DOS CONFLITOS GERACIONAIS NA IGREJA PENTECOSTAL DEUS É AMOR NA PERIFERIA DE GOIÂNIA

A presente pesquisa, situada no âmbito teórico das Ciências Sociais e Religião, linha de pesquisa em Instituições e Movimentos Religiosos, analisa os conflitos geracionais na Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor (IPDA), em regiões periféricas de Goiânia. O objeto da pesquisa é o jovem e sua possível influência nos processos internos de conflitos geracionais dentro desta instituição. A IPDA é um importante ramo do pentecostalismo clássico, com ampla atuação em diferentes capitais e cidades brasileiras, e com significativo exercício em regiões periféricas de grandes centros urbanos. Além da inserção em território nacional, a Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor (IPDA), tem presença notória em diferentes países da América Latina e representantes em todos os continentes. Considerando sua existência além do território brasileiro, estima-se que a Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor, atinja ao número de 136 países, totalizando 11 mil templos. O método utilizado na investigação cientifica é a Análise Sociológica, para isso privilegia metodologias de entrevistas semi estruturadas e pesquisa bibliográfica. A relevância da pesquisa esta na sua intencionalidade de apontar fatores novos na compreensão do complexo fenômeno religioso bem como suas implicações no cenário religioso da sociedade brasileira. Também é contribuir para o debate acadêmico de estudiosos da área da sociologia da religião com o interesse em realizar estudos comparativos de conflitos geracionais existentes no segmento pentecostal e outras instituições religiosas, bem como do tema pentecostalismo e periferia.(AU)

JUVENTUDE, RELIGIÃO E PODER: UM ESTUDO DOS CONFLITOS GERACIONAIS NA IGREJA PENTECOSTAL DEUS É AMOR NA PERIFERIA DE GOIÂNIA

A presente pesquisa, situada no âmbito teórico das Ciências Sociais e Religião, linha de pesquisa em Instituições e Movimentos Religiosos, analisa os conflitos geracionais na Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor (IPDA), em regiões periféricas de Goiânia. O objeto da pesquisa é o jovem e sua possível influência nos processos internos de conflitos geracionais dentro desta instituição. A IPDA é um importante ramo do pentecostalismo clássico, com ampla atuação em diferentes capitais e cidades brasileiras, e com significativo exercício em regiões periféricas de grandes centros urbanos. Além da inserção em território nacional, a Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor (IPDA), tem presença notória em diferentes países da América Latina e representantes em todos os continentes. Considerando sua existência além do território brasileiro, estima-se que a Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor, atinja ao número de 136 países, totalizando 11 mil templos. O método utilizado na investigação cientifica é a Análise Sociológica, para isso privilegia metodologias de entrevistas semi estruturadas e pesquisa bibliográfica. A relevância da pesquisa esta na sua intencionalidade de apontar fatores novos na compreensão do complexo fenômeno religioso bem como suas implicações no cenário religioso da sociedade brasileira. Também é contribuir para o debate acadêmico de estudiosos da área da sociologia da religião com o interesse em realizar estudos comparativos de conflitos geracionais existentes no segmento pentecostal e outras instituições religiosas, bem como do tema pentecostalismo e periferia.(AU)

JUVENTUDE, RELIGIÃO E PODER: UM ESTUDO DOS CONFLITOS GERACIONAIS NA IGREJA PENTECOSTAL DEUS É AMOR NA PERIFERIA DE GOIÂNIA

A presente pesquisa, situada no âmbito teórico das Ciências Sociais e Religião, linha de pesquisa em Instituições e Movimentos Religiosos, analisa os conflitos geracionais na Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor (IPDA), em regiões periféricas de Goiânia. O objeto da pesquisa é o jovem e sua possível influência nos processos internos de conflitos geracionais dentro desta instituição. A IPDA é um importante ramo do pentecostalismo clássico, com ampla atuação em diferentes capitais e cidades brasileiras, e com significativo exercício em regiões periféricas de grandes centros urbanos. Além da inserção em território nacional, a Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor (IPDA), tem presença notória em diferentes países da América Latina e representantes em todos os continentes. Considerando sua existência além do território brasileiro, estima-se que a Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor, atinja ao número de 136 países, totalizando 11 mil templos. O método utilizado na investigação cientifica é a Análise Sociológica, para isso privilegia metodologias de entrevistas semi estruturadas e pesquisa bibliográfica. A relevância da pesquisa esta na sua intencionalidade de apontar fatores novos na compreensão do complexo fenômeno religioso bem como suas implicações no cenário religioso da sociedade brasileira. Também é contribuir para o debate acadêmico de estudiosos da área da sociologia da religião com o interesse em realizar estudos comparativos de conflitos geracionais existentes no segmento pentecostal e outras instituições religiosas, bem como do tema pentecostalismo e periferia.(AU)

Promoting Harmonious Relations and Equitable Well-Being: Peace Psychology and “Intractable” Conflicts

The chapter explores Bar-Tal’s legacy in relation to key concepts, perspectives, and findings that comprise the growing field of peace psychology, specifically the promotion of sustainable peace through the indivisible constructs of harmonious relations and equitable wellbeing. Analyzed through a peace psychology lens, Bar-Tal’s work highlights both the barriers to and bridges for achieving sustainable peace. Central concepts from his work, such as fear, insecurity, and an ethos of conflict, demonstrate key obstacles to fostering harmonious intergroup relations based on social justice. Bar-Tal’s work also identifies processes that can overcome these barriers, which is consistent with peace psychology’s emphasis on the development of constructive responses to violence and conflict. For example, the chapter outlines how confidence-building mechanisms, mutually respectful identities, and reconciliation processes, may help foster an ethos of peace that can be embedded in the structure of societies through peace education. The chapter concludes with implications and suggestions for future research, with a focus on the role of young people in settings of prolonged intergroup division and generational approaches to peacebuilding, as conceptualized through a peace psychology lens.

A Penalty-based Genetic Algorithm for QoS-AwareWeb Service Composition with Inter-Service Dependencies and Conflicts

In Web service based systems, new value-added Web services can be constructed by integrating existing Web services. A Web service may have many implementations, which are functionally identical, but have different Quality of Service (QoS) attributes, such as response time, price, reputation, reliability, availability and so on. Thus, a significant research problem in Web service composition is how to select an implementation for each of the component Web services so that the overall QoS of the composite Web service is optimal. This is so called QoS-aware Web service composition problem. In some composite Web services there are some dependencies and conflicts between the Web service implementations. However, existing approaches cannot handle the constraints. This paper tackles the QoS-aware Web service composition problem with inter service dependencies and conflicts using a penalty-based genetic algorithm (GA). Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and the scalability of the penalty-based GA.

Fashion retailing and the bottom line : The effects of generational cohorts, gender, fashion fanship, attitudes and impulse buying on fashion expenditure

This study examines the influence of demographic ( eg. gender and generational cohort) and psychographic ( eg. fashion fanship, attitudes and impulse buying) drivers on frequency and levels of expenditure on fanship purchases, Using regression analysis, the results suggest that for weekly and monthly expenditure, gender and fashion fanship were significant influences, while for yearly expenditure, gender and impulse buying were significant. Attitudes towards fanship had no significant influence on expenditure. Females purchase more often and were significantly different from males on yearly expenditure, fashion fanship, attitudes and impulse buying. Generation Y is higher on purchase frequency, fashion fanship, attitudes and impulse buying compared with other cohorts under investigation.

Making literacy policy and practice with a difference : generational change, professionalisation and literate futures

This article has been edited from a transcript of the keynote address to the combined ALEA/MTE National Conference, Hobart, Tasmania, August 2001. In this talk Allan reflects on some of the difficulties facing makers of literacy policy in 'New Times'. His reflections are informed by some important research that is having an impact· on literacy teaching in Australia and he raises various issues, ranging from what he sees as a 'dumbing down' of curriculum, to addressing the needs of'at risk' students, to issues of lifelong education in a rapidly changing world.

Agency Conflicts and Corporate Payout Policies: A Global Study

We investigate the roles of finn and country level agency conflicts in determining corporate payout policics. Based on a large sample of 29,610 firms in 42 countries from 2001 to 2006, we show there is a form of "pecking order" in investors' ability to extract cash (whether as dividends only or share repurchases) from firms. Although investors are able to use their legal powers to extract cash from firms in high protection countries, their ability to do so can be substantially hindered when agency costs at the firm level are high. In poor protection countries, investors seem to take whatever cash they can get, even though the amount may be small, and with scant regard for investment opportunities and firm level agency conflicts. Finally, compared to repurchases, we find dividends are more likely to be the sole method of payout in high protection countries and in non insider-dominated firms.

Modelling port water collision risk using traffic conflicts

Navigational collisions are one of the major safety concerns for many seaports. Despite the extent of work recently done on collision risk analysis in port waters, little is known about the influencing factors of the risk. This paper develops a technique for modeling collision risks in port waterways in order to examine the associations between the risks and the geometric, traffic, and regulatory control characteristics of waterways. A binomial logistic model, which accounts for the correlations in the risks of a particular fairway at different time periods, is derived from traffic conflicts and calibrated for the Singapore port fairways. Estimation results show that the fairways attached to shoreline, traffic intersection and international fairway attribute higher risks, whereas those attached to confined water and local fairway possess lower risks. Higher risks are also found in the fairways featuring higher degree of bend, lower depth of water, higher numbers of cardinal and isolated danger marks, higher density of moving ships and lower operating speed. The risks are also found to be higher for night-time conditions.

Analysis of involved parties in port water conflicts

With increasing rate of shipping traffic, the risk of collisions in busy and congested port waters is expected to rise. However, due to low collision frequencies it is difficult to analyze such risk in a sound statistical manner. This study aims at examining the occurrence of traffic conflicts in order to understand the characteristics of vessels involved in navigational hazards. A binomial logit model was employed to evaluate the association of vessel attributes and the kinematic conditions with conflict severity levels. Results show a positive association for vessels of small gross tonnage, overall vessel length, vessel height and draft with conflict risk. Conflicts involving a pair of dynamic vessels sailing at low speeds also have similar effects.