La labor científica de fray Jerónimo de Alcalá, OFM: una etnografía misionera del siglo XVI

En el presente artículo revisamos el trabajo etnográfico que un misionero franciscano del siglo XVI, fray Jerónimo de Alcalá, realizó por medio de la traducción. Su principal obra, la Relación de Michoacán, constituye uno de los más valiosos manuscritos coloniales de toda América. Para su elaboración recopiló, tradujo y fijó en el papel la tradición oral purépecha, rescatando del olvido el testimonio histórico y antropológico de la riqueza cultural michoacana. El rigor científico de su trabajo de campo, que acometió humildemente como “fiel intérprete” y con mera intención misional, ha hecho de su obra una fuente documental imprescindible.

A new literal translation from the original Greek, of all the apostolical epistles : with a commentary, and notes, philological, critical, explanatory, and practical, to which is added a history of the life of the apostle Paul /

Includes indexes.

A comparative study of translation strategies applied in dealing with role languages. : A translation analysis of the video game Final Fantasy XIV

Localisation is the process of taking a product and adapting it to fit the culture in question. This usually involves making it both linguistically and culturally appropriate for the target audience. While there are many areas in video game translations where localisation holds a factor, this study will focus on localisation changes in the personalities of fictional characters between the original Japanese version and the English localised version of the video game Final Fantasy XIV: A Realm Reborn and its expansion Heavensward for PC, PS3 and PS4. With this in mind, specific examples are examined using Satoshi Kinsui's work on yakuwarigo, role language as the main framework for this study. Five non-playable characters were profiled and had each of their dialogues transcribed for a comparative analysis. This included the original Japanese text, the officially localised English text and a translation of the original Japanese text done by myself. Each character were also given a short summary and a reasoned speculation on why these localisation changes might have occurred. The result shows that there were instances where some translations had been deliberately adjusted to ensure that the content did not cause any problematic issues to players overseas. This could be reasoned out that some of the Japanese role languages displayed by characters in this game could potentially cause dispute among the western audience. In conclusion, the study shows that localisation can be a difficult process that not only requires a translator's knowledge of the source and target language, but also display some creativity in writing ability to ensure that players will have a comparable experience without causing a rift in the fanbase.

Investigations of the sand movements in the district of the Elbe estuary [Translation from: Hamburger Kuestenforschung 19, [pages 61-63 only], 1975]

The present work is concerned with the processes of sand movement in the region of the Elbe estuary. In the first part the results of various investigations which have given indications of the regional transport directions are collected together. The interpretation of the results of a large number of continuous current recordings gives a picture of the resulting transport to be expected under the influence of the tides with those current conditions. This partial translation of the original paper provides the summary of this paper the regional distribution of the flood and ebb flow zones.

Concerning the current conditions and transport of sand in the shallow water areas off the coast of the south-eastern North Sea [Translation from: Hamburger Kustenforschung 29 [pages 41-43 only], 1974]

With the aid of the German Research Association in the central programme 'Sand movements in the German coastal region', an investigation into the current conditions in the shallow water areas of the coasts of the south-eastern North Sea between Sylt and the Weser estuary was carried out by the author. Foundations of the work are 19 continuous current recordings in five profiles normal to the coast from years 1971 to 1973. Off the coasts of the south-eastern North Sea varying tidal currents impinge; they are currents whose directions may vary periodically through all points of the compass. They are caused by the circulating tides in the North Sea (Amphidromien). The turning flow movement experiences a deformation in the very shallow coastal waters, and as it happens the flow turning movement in the case of high tide continues right up onto the outer flats, while here and in the fore-lying shallow water areas around the time of low water (on account of the small depths of waters), there prevails a more variable current. A result of this hydrodynamical procedure is the development of counter currents. This partial translation of the original paper provides the summary of this study of of the mudflat areas between the Elbe and Weser.

Mechanism of mass transfer in the formation of hydrothermal deposits of sulphides [Translation from: Trudy Inst.Geol.rudn.Mesterozh. 16, 80 [pages 44-46 ”Solubility of sulphides of iron” only], 1958]

This partial translation of the original paper provides the summary of this study of the mechanism of mass transfer in the formation of hydrothermal deposits of sulphides. For determining the solubility of sulphides of iron, the radioactive isotope Fe59 was used. The solubility of two sulphides was determined.

Towards a knowledge of chytrids. Part 3. Spirospora paradoxa nov.gen. - nov.spec. [Translation from: Archiv fur Protistenkunde 54 510-528 [pages 522-525 and plate 28 only], 1926]

This partial translation of the original paper provides morphological observations on the fungus Spirospora paradoxa. Illustrations are included here.

Translation and Cross-cultural Adaptation of the Lower Extremity Functional Scale Into a Brazilian Portuguese Version and Validation on Patients With Knee Injuries

STUDY DESIGN: Clinical measurement. OBJECTIVE: To translate and culturally adapt the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) into a Brazilian Portuguese version, and to test the construct and content validity and reliability of this version in patients with knee injuries. BACKGROUND: There is no Brazilian Portuguese version of an instrument to assess the function of the lower extremity after orthopaedic injury. METHODS: The translation of the original English version of the LEFS into a Brazilian Portuguese version was accomplished using standard guidelines and tested in 31 patients with knee injuries. Subsequently, 87 patients with a variety of knee disorders completed the Brazilian Portuguese LEES, the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form and a visual analog scale for pain. All patients were retested within 2 days to determine reliability of these measures. Validation was assessed by determining the level of association between the Brazilian Portuguese LEFS and the other outcome measures. Reliability was documented by calculating internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and standard error of measurement. RESULTS: The Brazilian Portuguese LEES had a high level of association with the physical component of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (r = 0.82), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (r = 0.87), the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form (r = 0.82), and the pain visual analog scale (r = -0.60) (all, P<.05). The Brazilian Portuguese LEES had a low level of association with the mental component of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (r = 0.38, P<.05). The internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = .952) and test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.957) of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the LEES were high. The standard error of measurement was low (3.6) and the agreement was considered high, demonstrated by the small differences between test and retest and the narrow limit of agreement, as observed in Bland-Altman and survival-agreement plots. CONCLUSION: The translation of the LEFS into a Brazilian Portuguese version was successful in preserving the semantic and measurement properties of the original version and was shown to be valid and reliable in a Brazilian population with knee injuries. J Ort hop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(11):932-939, Epub 9 October 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.4101

Platons werke /

German translation, without original text.

Translating specialised texts:an overview of key factors involved in translator training for specialized translation

Translators wishing to work on translating specialised texts are traditionally recommended to spend much time and effort acquiring specialist knowledge of the domain involved, and for some areas of specialised activity, this is clearly essential. For other types of translation-based, domain-specific of communication, however, it is possible to develop a systematic approach to the task which will allow for the production of target texts which are adequate for purpose, in a range of specialised domains, without necessarily having formal qualifications in those areas. For Esselink (2000) translation agencies, and individual clients, would tend to prefer a subject expert who also happens to have competence in one or more languages over a trained translator with a high degree of translation competence, including the ability to deal with specialised translation tasks. The problem, for the would-be translator, is persuading prospective clients that he or she is capable of this. This paper will offer an overview of the principles used to design training intended to teach trainee translators how to use a systematic approach to specialised translation, in order to extend the range of areas in which they can tackle translation, without compromising quality or reliability. This approach will be described within the context of the functionalist approach developed in particular by Reiss and Vermeer (1984), Nord (1991, 1997) inter alia.

Datascape

"Contemporary society is in the midst of the boundless generation and collection of data, data that is produced from almost any measurable act. Be it weather or transport data sets published by government agencies, or the individual and interpersonal data generated by our digital interactions; a server somewhere is collating. With the rise of this digital data phenomenon comes questions of comprehension, purpose, ownership and translation. Without mediation digital data is an immense abstract list of text and numbers and in this abstracted form data sets become detached from the circumstances of their creation. Artists and digital creatives are building works from these constantly evolving data sets to develop a discourse that investigates, appropriates, reveals and reflects upon the society and environment that generates this medium. Datascape presents a range of works that use data as building blocks to facilitate connections and understanding around a range of personal, social and worldly issues. The exhibition is concerned with creating an opportunity for experiential discovery through engaging with work from some of the world’s prominent creatives in this field of practice. Utilising three thematic lenses: Generative Currents, the Anti-Sublime and the Human Context, the works offer a variety of pathways to traverse the Datascape. Lubi Thomas and Rachael Parsons, QUT Creative Industries Precinct"

La problemática de la traducción en la Carta de Aristeas a Filócrates

Resumen: El trabajo propone una reflexión acerca de la problemática de la traducción en la Antigüedad tal como se plantea en la Carta de Aristeas a Filócrates, narración compuesta en el siglo II a.C. que relata los sucesos en torno a la traducción al griego del Pentateuco, la Septuaginta. El autor, anónimo, narra en primera persona y se describe como integrante de la corte real de Ptolomeo Filadelfo, aunque en realidad se trata de un judío alejandrino, conocedor de las leyes mosaicas. La obra presenta ciertas incongruencias y pasajes de difícil interpretación, pero su mensaje es claro: por medio de la traducción, el original hebreo alcanza la dignidad suficiente como para formar parte de la biblioteca de Alejandría, junto con otras obras prestigiosas del mundo helenístico.

Modes de conceptualisation métaphoriques et théorie de l’évolution : analyse textuelle et traduction

Éminent naturaliste du XIXe siècle, Charles Darwin publie en 1859 ce qui s'avérera être l’un des textes fondateurs des sciences de la vie : On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life (ou OS). Ce volumineux ouvrage pose les assises conceptuelles de la théorie darwinienne de l'évolution. Cette dernière suscite encore de nos jours la controverse : certains la nient (créationnisme, dessein intelligent, etc.) alors que d'autres la poussent à l'extrême (eugénisme, darwinisme social, etc.). Vu la grande portée de l'OS, le problème de sa traduction en français se présente de lui-même. Ce champ d'étude reste pourtant largement inexploré. Nous avons donc choisi, dans le présent travail, d’étudier les traductions françaises de l’OS. Notre étude s’inscrivant dans un axe de recherche qui s’intéresse aux modes de conceptualisation métaphorique en usage dans les domaines biomédicaux, ainsi qu’aux problèmes de traduction qu’ils soulèvent, nous avons choisi de nous concentrer plus particulièrement sur les modes de conceptualisation métaphorique présents dans le texte de l'OS, et sur la manière dont ils ont été traduits en français. Pour mener à bien ce projet, nous avons élaboré une méthodologie à partir de celle déjà utilisée avec succès dans des études antérieures menées au sein du même axe de recherche que le nôtre. En plus de l’annotation et l’interrogation informatisée de notre corpus, cette méthodologie consiste en la mise en relation, au plan informatique, de plusieurs traductions d’un même texte. De par sa complexité technique, son élaboration constitue l’un des objectifs majeurs de notre étude. Les résultats obtenus nous ont permis de confirmer deux de nos trois hypothèses : 1) la totalité des modes de conceptualisation identifiés dans notre corpus anglais se retrouvent également dans chacune des traductions, et 2) aucun mode de conceptualisation métaphorique ne peut être dégagé des traductions françaises qui n’est pas déjà présent dans l’original anglais. En plus de nous permettre de comparer chaque traduction à l’original anglais, ces résultats nous ont également permis de comparer entre elles les différentes traductions françaises de l’OS. Ce mémoire de maîtrise comporte six chapitres, qui correspondent tour à tour à : notre cadre théorique, l'état de la question, nos hypothèses et nos objectifs, notre méthodologie, nos résultats et la discussion de ces résultats.

Modelos de previsão de volatilidade : uma aplicação do modelo GARCH a taxas de câmbio

Com o objetivo de mostrar uma aplicação dos modelos da família GARCH a taxas de câmbio, foram utilizadas técnicas estatísticas englobando análise multivariada de componentes principais e análise de séries temporais com modelagem de média e variância (volatilidade), primeiro e segundo momentos respectivamente. A utilização de análise de componentes principais auxilia na redução da dimensão dos dados levando a estimação de um menor número de modelos, sem contudo perder informação do conjunto original desses dados. Já o uso dos modelos GARCH justifica-se pela presença de heterocedasticidade na variância dos retornos das séries de taxas de câmbio. Com base nos modelos estimados foram simuladas novas séries diárias, via método de Monte Carlo (MC), as quais serviram de base para a estimativa de intervalos de confiança para cenários futuros de taxas de câmbio. Para a aplicação proposta foram selecionadas taxas de câmbio com maior market share de acordo com estudo do BIS, divulgado a cada três anos.