999 resultados para Terapia cognitivo-conductual


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OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to analyze change of lifestyle in obese patients with cognitive behavior therapy and acupressure. METHODS. An experimental study was performed with placebo control group. Forty patients were randomly assigned to intervention group (cognitive behaviour therapy + acupressure) and control group (information session). Outcome measure was a questionnaire for the assessment and quantification of obesity related lifestyles. Measures were performed at baseline and, after 3-months intervention. RESULTS. After 3 months of treatment, the intervention group showed significant differences (p<0.05) in weight loss, diet and physical activity. CONCLUSION. In the obese patient, cognitive behavior therapy and acupressure, it has lost at least three kilograms over three months and has changed lifestyles related to obesity.

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To evaluate the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in the success of postoperative weight loss after 2 years of CB. METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted in consecutive patients with morbid obesity aged between 18 and 59 yrs and enrolled in the bariatric surgery program of the Obesity Surgery Unit of our hospital from June 2007 through June 2010, with two years postoperative follow-up. Participants were divided into two groups according to their participation in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or not. Over a 3-month period, CBT was applied in 12 2-h sessions. The main dependent variables studied were body weight and height, from which we calculated BMI and percentage of excess weight lost (weight lost x 100)/(initial weight-ideal weight), classifying patients as successful (E ) those with EPP > 50%, and unsuccessful (NE) those with EPP <50%. Participants were also, assessed for general (stress, anxiety, depression and self-esteem) and specific (binge eating and food craving) psychopathology. RESULTS: Of the 35 patients with bariatric surgery, 30 responded postoperative evaluations, 16 underwent CBT before CB and 14 underwent surgery without receiving psycho-nutritional therapy, (76% female) with a mean age of 41 ± 9.5 years. The mean baseline BMI was 42 ± 10 and 45% of patients were classified as super obese (BMI: 56 ± 6). Mean excess weight loss (EPP) was 77%. According to the EPP were classified as "successful" (S) (59%) and "unsuccessful" (U) (41%). Of the patients assigned to S, 94% received CBT (15 individuals of 17 total), compared with only 12% who did not receive (2 individuals of the 17 total) with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Also, the S patients appeared to be significantly less anxious and stressed and have higher self-esteem (P < 0.05). Regarding specific psychopathology, the food craving guided by hunger, loss of control over food intake and guilt was lower in patients who achieved > 50% of EPP (p < 0.04, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). It was also noted that these patients were plans to eat less and ate less for positive reinforcement (p < 0.03 and p < 0.000, respectively) than the patient group NE

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Resumen del volumen 1 titulado Estrategias cognitivas para sentirse bien

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El terrorismo es un grave problema mundial que cada año afecta a un número muy elevado de personas. Solamente en el año 2014 se produjeron en el mundo 13.463 atentados terroristas que provocaron 32.727 muertos, 34.791 heridos y 9.428 secuestrados (National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism [START], 2015). En España el número de personas fallecidas por atentados terroristas en los últimos 45 años es de 1.220, a las que habría que sumar los miles de heridos y de familiares y allegados de personas fallecidas y heridas. Aunque la mayoría de las víctimas no desarrollarán trastornos mentales a causa de los atentados terroristas y conseguirán recuperarse sin secuelas psicopatológicas significativas, un porcentaje importante sufrirán un trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT), depresivo o de ansiedad (García-Vera y Sanz, 2010, 2015). Entre las víctimas directas, la prevalencia del TEPT se ha estimado entre un 10% y un 30% (DiMaggio y Galea, 2006; García-Vera y Sanz, 2015), la del trastorno depresivo mayor entre un 13,3% y un 47,7% y la de los trastornos de ansiedad entre un 6,1% y un 19,8% (García-Vera y Sanz, 2010; Salguero, Fernández-Berrocal, Iruarrizaga, Cano-Vindel, y Galea, 2011). Además, en muchos casos, tales trastornos no parecen remitir con el tiempo y parecen crónicos (García-Vera y Sanz, 2010; Morina, Wicherts, Lobbrecht y Priebe, 2014)...

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Oncological patients are submitted to invasive exams in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis; these procedures may cause maladaptative reactions (fear, anxiety and pain). Particularly in breast cancer, the most common diagnose technique is the incisional biopsy. Most of the patients are unaware about the procedure and for that reason they may focus their thoughts on possible events such as pain, bleeding, the anesthesia, or the later surgical wound care. Anxiety and pain may provoke physiological, behavioral and emotional complications, and because of this reason, the Behavioral Medicine trained psychologist takes an active role before and after the biopsy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a cognitive-behavioral program to reduce anxiety in women submitted to incisional biopsy for the first time. There were 10 participants from the Hospital Juárez de México, Oncology service; all of them were treated as external patients. The intervention program focused in psycho-education and passive relaxation training using videos, tape-recorded instructions and pamphlets. Anxiety measures were performed using the IDARE-State inventory, and a visual-analogue scale of anxiety (EEF-A), and the measurement of blood pressure and heart rate). Data were analyzed both intrasubject and intersubject using the Wilcoxon test (p≤0.05). The results show a reduction in anxiety (as in punctuation as in ranges) besides, a reduction in the EEF-A.

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Este estudio propone un tratamiento fonoaudiológico para trabajar con personas que presentan sialorrea (producción de saliva que el paciente percibe como excesiva) producto de la Enfermedad de Parkinson (EP). Dieciocho personas con diagnóstico de EP y sialorrea, las cuales se dividieron en dos grupos; A: recibió sólo Terapia Cognitivo Conductual (TCC) (concientización del proceso deglutorio), mientras el B: recibió TCC más Estimulación Termo Táctil (ETT) (se realiza estimulación sensorial con frío a los pilares faríngeos anteriores y cavidad oral), la intervención se realizó por 5 semanas. El objetivo de la presente investigación es evidenciar la efectividad de la terapia fonoaudiológica en el abordaje de la sialorrea y evaluar si existe una diferencia significativa entre la TCC y la TCC más ETT. Se utilizó la prueba paramétrica t-student, y Test de Mann-Withney, se consideró significativo un p < 0,05.

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En este estudio se compara la intervención psicológica por excelencia en casos de obesidad y sobrepeso, la intervención cognitivoconductual, con la intervención humanista. Mediante el seguimiento de tres grupos de investigación a los que se prescriben restricciones propias de una dieta hipocalórica, uno sometido a terapia humanista individual, otro sometido a terapia cognitivoconductual grupal y un tercero sometido a una formación nutricional (grupo de cuasicontrol), este estudio pretende determinar si un enfoque humanista y la atención pormenorizada a la idiosincrasia del cliente marcan la diferencia en el tratamiento de la obesidad y/o el sobrepeso.

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Tesis (Maestría en Psicología con Orientación en Terapia Breve) UANL, 2012.

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Se describe detenidamente un programa de evaluación y tratamiento aplicado a un caso de trastorno de estrés postraumático crónico en una víctima de abusos sexuales en la infancia. La paciente, de 22 años, sufrió abusos sexuales desde los 5 a los 12 años. El tratamiento en sí  relajación, exposición en vivo, exposición en la imaginación y terapia cognitiva) constó de ocho sesiones. La  paciente evolucionó favorablemente tanto al final del tratamiento como, sobre todo,   los seis meses de seguimiento en todas las variables clínicas medidas. Se discuten las  epercusiones clínicas del caso, en especial, la conveniencia de introducir la reestructuración  ognitiva durante la exposición en la imaginación para promover el cambio emocional. 

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Resumen tomado de la revista

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Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia Aplicada