Streptomyces sp ASBV-1 reduces aflatoxin accumulation by Aspergillus parasiticus in peanut grains

To evaluate the ability of Streptomyces sp. (strain ASBV-1) to restrict aflatoxin accumulation in peanut grains. In the control of many phytopathogenic fungi the Streptomyces sp. ASBV-1 strain showed promise. An inhibitory test using this strain and A. parasiticus was conducted in peanut grains to evaluate the effects of this interaction on spore viability and aflatoxin accumulation. In some treatments the Streptomyces sp ASBV-1 strain reduced the viability of A. parasiticus spores by c. 85%, and inhibited aflatoxin accumulation in peanut grains. The values of these reductions ranged from 63 to 98% and from 67% to 96% for aflatoxins B(1) and G(1), respectively. It was demonstrated that Streptomyces sp. ASBV-1 is able to colonize peanut grains and thus inhibit the spore viability of A. parasiticus, as well as reducing aflatoxin production. The positive finding for aflatoxin accumulation reduction in peanut grains seems promising and suggests a wider use of this actinobacteria in biological control programmes.

Candida albicans isoladas da cavidade bucal de crianças com síndrome de Down: ocorrência e inibição do crescimento por Streptomyces sp

Comparação entre a presença de leveduras de Candida na cavidade bucal de crianças sem e com síndrome de Down mostrou-se estatisticamente significante no caso de crianças afetadas por esta cromossomopatia, tornando-as mais predispostas à candidíase bucal, provavelmente favorecida pelas alterações anátomo-fisiológicas da boca em decorrência da trissomia do cromossomo 21. Recidivas constantes de candidíase bucal em crianças portadoras desta alteração cromossômica levou a busca de prováveis alternativas terapêuticas. Visando determinar a atividade antifúngica de Streptomyces sp isolados de diferentes solos brasileiros, 5 cepas foram testadas frente a Candida albicans, oriundas da cavidade bucal de crianças com síndrome de Down. Observou-se que os isolados apresentaram uma diversidade de tamanho dos halos (9-31mm de diâmetro) de inibição de crescimento das leveduras, sugerindo uma possível utilização em terapêutica antifúngica.

Produção e caracterização de celulases secretadas por Streptomyces sp. isolado de processo de compostagem

Para determinar as variáveis morfogênicas, estruturais e o fluxo de tecidos os tratamentos foram duas intensidades (baixa e moderada) e dois métodos de pastejo (pastejo com lotação contínua e rotacionada). No experimento 1 o bastão graduado apresentou a melhor correlação com a massa de forragem (r2=0,65). No 2 as melhores correlações foram obtidas quando avaliadas as faixas de pós-pastejo para o disco medidor (r2=0,47) e as de pré-pastejo para o bastão graduado (r2=0,36). Para as variáveis morfogênicas e estruturais as intensidades de pastejo foram responsáveis por diferenças na taxa de elongação de folhas (intensidade baixa resultou em maior taxa de elongação) e nas características estruturais (intensidade baixa resultou em menor densidade de perfilhos, maior comprimento e número de folhas vivas). Os métodos de pastejo influenciaram as características morfogênicas (lotação contínua resultou em maior taxa de elongação de folhas, maior taxa de surgimento e tempo de vida das folhas no ciclo de observação I) e estruturais (lotação contínua resultou em maior densidade de perfilhos); bem como foi obtida interação com as intensidades e com os ciclos de avaliação. O fluxo de crescimento (favorecido por lotação rotacionada a baixa intensidade) e de senescência (favorecido por lotação contínua a baixa intensidade) foram afetados pelos tratamentos, enquanto que o fluxo de consumo não foi alterado pelos tratamentos.

Keratinolytic activity of Streptomyces sp isolated of poultry processing plant

The keratin is not degraded by common enzyme, keratinases have the ability to degrade native keratin and others insoluble enzymes. In the present work was Studied keratinase produced by Streptomyces sp LMI-1 isolated from industrial plant of poultry processing. The enzyme degraded 87% of feathers after 120 h, it was stimulated by Ba(2+) and inhibited by Ca(2+), Mn(2+), EDTA and Hg(+). The optimum pH and temperature for the enzyme was 8.5 and 60 degrees C, respectively. The enzyme was stable after 2 hours at 50 degrees C. The culture broth analysis by thin layer chromatography showed presence of amino acids serine, methionine, proline, tyrosine and leucine after 72 hours of incubation. The microorganism showed potential for use in industrial process because of higher enzyme production and feathers degradation.

Fermentacao de 26-deoxilaidlomicina por Streptomyces sp. Ar386

In a previous work a strain of microorganism was isolated in Araraquara region, SP, Brazil, and characterized as being Streptomyces sp. Ar386, producer of 26-deoxylaidlomycin and of more three polietheric antibiotics. In this paper there are presented studies about fermentation characteristics of the antibiotic performed in incubator agitator utilizing various cultivation technics and media. A medium containing part of energy source as free sugar and part as amilaceous material presented the best result. As the Streptomyces sp. Ar386 produced few spores, it was necessary special care to provide sufficient quantity of microorganisms in inoculation. The biosynthesis of antibiotics intensified between the forth and seventh day. The yields varied from 8 to 443 mg of antibiotic complex per litre of medium. As a polyether antibiotic it may be used as anticoccidal agent in poultry and as growth promoters in cattle and swine.

Antibiotic 26-deoxylaidlomycin isolated from Streptomyces sp. Ar386 from Brazilian soil

An actinomycete strain (Ar386) was isolated from the soil of the Araraquara regio, SP, Brazil. The strain, named Streptomyces jacareensis, formed irregular rayed, rugose, grayish-white mycelium with sinuous, branched hyphae carrying rare isolated spores; assimilated glucose, galactose, inositol, ribose, maltose, sucrose, melibiose and starch but not mannitol, rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, lactose and raffinose; and contained LL- diaminopimelic acid in its cell wall. An antibiotic active against Gram- positive bacteria, which was characterized as being 26-deoxylaidlomycin and which may have application against poultry coccidiosis, was isolated from cultures of the strain. This was the first isolation of this antibiotic from a microorganism of the genus Streptomyces and also the first isolation of this antibiotic in Brazil.

Atividade queratinolítica de uma cepa de Streptomyces sp isolada de um abatedouro de aves

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Blanchaquinone: A new anthraquinone from an Australian Streptomyces sp.

Chemical analysis of an Australian Streptomyces species yielded a range of known anthracyclines and biosynthetically related metabolites, including daunomycin (1), E-rhodomycinone (2), 11-hydroxyauramycinone (3), 11-hydroxysulfurmycinone (4), aklavinone (5), bisanhydro-gamma-rhodomycinone (6), and the anthraquinone 7, as well as the hitherto unreported blanchaquinone (8). The structure assigned to 8 was secured by detailed spectroscopic analysis and correlation to known analogues, such as the anthraquinone 7. This account also represents the first natural occurrence of 3, 4, and 7 and the first spectroscopic characterization of 11-hydroxysulfurmycinone (4).

Kinetic and thermodynamic investigation on clavulanic acid formation and degradation during glycerol fermentation by Streptomyces DAUFPE 3060

Clavulanic acid (CA) is a potent inhibitor of beta-lactamases, produced by some resistant pathogenic microorganisms, which allows efficient treatment of infectious diseases. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of CA production by a new isolate of Streptomyces DAUFPE 3060 and its degradation were evaluated. The effect of temperature on the system was investigated in the range 24-40 degrees C adopting an overall model accounting for (a) the Arrhenius-type formation of CA by fermentation, (b) the hypothetical reversible unfolding of the enzyme limiting the overall metabolism, and (c) the irreversible first-order degradation of CA. The higher rates of CA formation (k(CA) = 0,107 h(-1)) and degradation (k(d) = 0.062 h(-1)) were observed at 32 and 40 degrees C, respectively. The main thermodynamic parameters of the three above hypothesized events were estimated. In particular, the activation parameters of degradation (activation energy = 39.0 kJ/mol; Delta H(d)* = 36.5 kJ/mol; Delta S(d)* = -219.7 J/(mol K); Delta G(d)* = 103.5 kJ/mol) compare reasonably well with those reported in the literature for similar system without taking into account the other two events. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

New thermal inducible Streptomyces phages isolated from tropical soils

Two new Streptomyces phages, øBP1 and øBP2, were isolated from tropical soil samples. These phages presented a large host range and developed both lytic and lysogenic responses in different Streptomyces species tested. Variations in the incubation temperature showed to be important in the development of the replication cycle. Increasing incubation temperature from 30oC to 42oC induced the lytic response of øBP2 and lysogenic of øBP1 in the host strain Streptomyces sp. WL6. øBP1 and øBP2 have icosahedral heads with long tails and were characterized in relation to morphology, G + C content, genome size and adsorption curve

Streptomyces associados a formigas da tribo Attini e seus efeitos sobre os fungos Escovopsis weberi e outros microrganismos

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Avaliação da estabilidade da capacidade de produção de cefamicina C por Streptomyces clavuligerus

Streptomyces clavuligerus é uma importante espécie industrial que produz múltiplos compostos de interesse clínico, destacando-se o antibiótico cefamicina C (CefC) e o ácido clavulânico (AC), um potente inibidor de b-lactamases produzidas por bactérias resistentes a penicilinas e cefalosporinas. Sabe-se que situações limite como subculturas sucessivas, forma inadequada de armazenamento das células, variações bruscas de condições de cultura, podem causar deleções de mais de 25% dos genes de Streptomyces sp que, embora muitas vezes não comprometam a sobrevivência do micro-organismo, acarretam perdas na capacidade produtiva. Neste trabalho, investigou-se a estabilidade da linhagem selvagem S. clavuligerus ATCC 27064 quanto à produção de CefC variando-se condições do inóculo utilizado nos cultivos submersos de obtenção do antibiótico. As fermentações foram realizadas em frascos agitados (28ºC, 260 rpm) e as amostras coletadas em 48 e 72 horas do caldo fermentativo foram analisadas quanto ao pH, biomassa (massa seca a 105ºC por 24 h) e CefC foi determinada por bioensaio de difusão em ágar (bactéria-teste Escherichia coli ESS 2235). Foi selecionado o micro-organismo melhor produtor por meio de screening, e o que apresentou a melhor produção de CefC e os menores desvios com relação à média foi utilizado para preparar novos lotes de células: ampolas de micélios liofilizados e criotubos contendo 108 esporos.mL-1 . Observou-se que a capacidade produtiva foi afetada quando foram utilizadas subculturas do micro-organismo original. A realização do screening mostrou-se eficiente na seleção de colônias superiores em termos de produção volumétrica, sendo recomendada a realização de tal procedimento periodicamente para manutenção de uma linhagem com maior potencial produtivo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Diketopiperazines produced by endophytic fungi found in association with two Asteraceae species

Diketopiperazine (DKP) derivatives, named colletopiperazine, fusaperazine C and E as well as four known DKPs were isolated from cultures of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Penicillium crustosum, both endophytic fungi isolated from Viguiera robusta, and a Fusarium spp., an endophyte of Viguiera arenaria, respectively. Their structures were established on the basis of their spectroscopic data. Conformational analysis of two known DKPs showed that folded conformations were as energetically stable as the extended one. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Isolation, structural assignment and total synthesis of Barmumycin

Barmumycin was isolated from an extract of the marine actinomycete Streptomyces sp. BOSC-022A and found to be cytotoxic against various human tumor cell lines. Based on preliminary one- and two-dimensional 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra, the natural compound was initially assigned the structure of macrolactone-type compound 1, which was later prepared by two different routes. However, major spectroscopic differences between isolated barmumycin and 1 led to revision of the proposed structure as E-16. Based on synthesis of this new compound, and subsequent spectroscopic comparison of it to an authentic sample of barmumycin, the structure of the natural compound was indeed confirmed as that of E-16.

Isolation, structural assignment and total synthesis of Barmumycin

Barmumycin was isolated from an extract of the marine actinomycete Streptomyces sp. BOSC-022A and found to be cytotoxic against various human tumor cell lines. Based on preliminary one- and two-dimensional 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra, the natural compound was initially assigned the structure of macrolactone-type compound 1, which was later prepared by two different routes. However, major spectroscopic differences between isolated barmumycin and 1 led to revision of the proposed structure as E-16. Based on synthesis of this new compound, and subsequent spectroscopic comparison of it to an authentic sample of barmumycin, the structure of the natural compound was indeed confirmed as that of E-16.