Uma contribuição da teoria literária para a análise de conteúdo de imagens publicitárias do fim do século XIX e primeira metade do século XX, contemplando aspectos da natureza brasileira

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

Reflexões sobre os sistemas categoriais de Aristóteles, Kant e Ranganathan

Este trabalho apresenta a teoria das categorias conforme elaboradas por Aristóteles, Kant e Ranganathan. Procura subsídios que permitam identificá-las como princípios fundamentais e imprescindíveis para a organização do conhecimento. As três perspectivas são confrontadas para estabelecer as diferenças e semelhanças, tendo em vista os objetivos de cada sistema categorial. Conclui que Aristóteles concebe seus princípios fundamentais para expressarem os modos do ser, ao passo que Kant os relaciona como modos do pensar. Por sua vez, Ranganathan formula as categorias como modos de classificar.

Ranganathan retrospektiossa

Kirjallisuusarvostelu

Princípios teóricos de Cutter, Kaiser e Ranganathan como elementos de interlocução na Organização do Conhecimento

The research universe of knowledge organization requires a consistent theoretical conception that promotes an effective application of its tools. In this sense, a dialogical basis is established among the theoretical principles of Cutter’s Subject Cataloguing, Kaiser’s Systematic Indexing and Ranganathan’s Faceted Classification, as a basis for a theoretical timeline of the epistemology of knowledge organization. It is possible to conclude that those three theoretical approaches can be organized in a chronological and conceptual row, showing the growing importance of facets in knowledge organization theory.

O pragmatismo em Kaiser e Ranganathan e o pioneirismo na construção do método analítico-sintético

Considering that Julius Kaiser´s Systematic Indexing brought pioneer contributions to the theoretical framework of the subject approach to information, this paper retrieves the foundations of the analiticalsynthetic method conceived by Kaiser which acted as a basis for Ranganathan’s faceted theory. In this sense, and by adopting William James’ pragmatism as a methodological approach, it analyzes the analitical and sintetic dimensions of Kaiser´s indexing method and in what extent they act as a basis for the definition of Ranganathan´s method, as well as how both Kaiser´s and Raganathan´s methods dialogue each other.

The Genome Sequence of Taurine Cattle: A Window to Ruminant Biology and Evolution

To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.

Major colour patterns of reef-building corals are due to a family of GFP-like proteins

Reef-building corals are renowned for their brilliant colours yet the biochemical basis for the pigmentation of corals is unknown. Here, we show that these colours are due to a family of GFP-like proteins that fluoresce under ultraviolet (UV) or visible light. Pigments from ten coral species were almost identical to pocilloporin (Dove et al. 1995) being dimers or trimers with approximately 28-kDa subunits. Degenerative primers made to common N-terminal sequences yielded a complete sequence from reef-building coral cDNA, which had 19.6% amino acid identity with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Molecular modelling revealed a 'beta -can' structure, like GFP, with 11 beta -strands and a completely solvent-inaccessible fluorophore composed of the modified residues Gln-61, Tyr-62 and Gly-63. The molecular properties of pocilloporins indicate a range of functions from the conversion of high-intensity UV radiation into photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) that can be regulated by the dinoflagellate peridinin-chlorophyll-protein (PCP) complex, to the shielding of the Soret and Q(x) bands of chlorophyll a and c from scattered high-intensity light. These properties of pocilloporin support its potential role in protecting the photosynthetic machinery of the symbiotic dinoflagellates of corals under high light conditions and in enhancing the availability of photosynthetic light under shade conditions.

Sandfly species diversity in association with human activities in the Kani tribe settlements of the Western Ghats, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

Sandfly prevalence in the Kani tribe settlements of Western Ghats in India was investigated. A total of 1,279 sandflies comprising 17 species was obtained. Sandfly abundance showed a negative correlation (r = -0.97, p = 0.003) with increase in altitudinal ranges from 0-1,000 m. When sandfly samples were grouped according to landscape characteristics of the location, the estimated Shannon-Weiner index (H) and species richness index (S) were high and species evenness index (J) was low in settlements located at 0-300 m altitudinal range. On the contrary, the values of H and J were high, while S was low at 301-600 m altitudinal range. With further increase in altitude, species diversity, S and J were low. Though the relative abundance of sandflies decreased with increase in altitude, the influence of altitudinal variation could not be attributed to determine sandfly diversity, since the number of sampling units were not uniform at all the altitudinal gradients due to nonavailability of suitable resting shelters. Sandfly species showed great aggregation at 0-300 m altitude interval, where not only the number of settlements were maximum (n = 19), but also the environmental conditions favoured sandfly abundance due to the concentration of tribal settlements, human dwellings and his activities.

Ciência da informação: ciência recursiva no contexto da sociedade da informação

O trabalho tem por objetivo discutir as características da ciência da informação. Primeiramente, o objeto da ciência da informação é tratado segundo as perspectivas de Ranganathan, Borko, Werzig, Urdaneta, Hwang e Le Coadic. Num segundo momento, verificam-se os modos de produção da ciência clássica, o novo modo de produção do conhecimento e a pertinência de se aplicarem esses modelos à ciência da informação. Propõe-se como modelo mais adequado para a ciência da informação o segundo, em decorrência de sua relação com a sociedade, do seu caráter interdisciplinar, dinâmico, objetivo e recursivo.

The genome sequence of taurine cattle: a window to ruminant biology and evolution.

To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.