Evaluation of maturity levels in the management of product development: case studies in the capital goods industry

In recent approaches to the management of product development process (PDP), maturity levels have attracted the attention of practitioners and researchers. The CMMI model contributes to evaluate the maturity levels and improvement of the product development process management. This paper, based on CMMI model, analyzes the practices adopted in two companies of the capital goods industry, which develop and manufacture equipment upon request. It was observed that on account of market conditioning factors and different practices adapted to PDP management, these companies are at different maturity levels. One company is at the initial level of maturity while the other at the most advanced one. It was also noted that the application of CMMI model can provide improvement to PDP management, as well as present guidelines to achieve higher maturity levels, adequate to companies' needs.

Development Resource Planning: Complexity of Product Development and the Capacity to Launch New Products

Overcommitment of development capacity or development resource deficiencies are important problems in new product development (NPD). Existing approaches to development resource planning have largely neglected the issue of resource magnitude required for NPD. This research aims to fill the void by developing a simple higher-level aggregate model based on an intuitive idea: The number of new product families that a firm can effectively undertake is bound by the complexity of its products or systems and the total amount of resources allocated to NPD. This study examines three manufacturing companies to verify the proposed model. The empirical results confirm the study`s initial hypothesis: The more complex the product family, the smaller the number of product families that are launched per unit of revenue. Several suggestions and implications for managing NPD resources are discussed, such as how this study`s model can establish an upper limit for the capacity to develop and launch new product families.

Growth, disequilibrium and disparities: interpretation of the process of economic development

Includes bibliography

El proceso de industrialización en América Latina = The process of industrial development in Latin America

Incluye Bibliografía

The Key Features of Knowledge and Knowledge Management in Product Development Process

Tutkimusongelmana oli kuinka tiedon johtamisella voidaan edesauttaa tuotekehitysprosessia. Mitkä ovat ne avaintekijät tietoympäristössä kuin myös itse tiedossa, joilla on merkitystä erityisesti tuotekehitysprosessin arvon muodostumiseen ja prosessien kehittämiseen? Tutkimus on laadullinen Case-tutkimus. Tutkimusongelmat on ensin selvitetty kirjallisuuden avulla, jonka jälkeen teoreettinen viitekehys on rakennettu tutkimaan rajattua ongelma-aluetta case-yrityksestä. Empiirisen tutkimuksen materiaali koostuu pääasiallisesti henkilökohtaisten teemahaastattelujen aineistosta. Tulokset merkittävimmistä tiedon hyväksikäytön haittatekijöistä, kuten myös parannusehdotukset on lajiteltu teoreettisessa viitekehyksessä esitettyjen oletustekijöiden mukaan. Haastatteluissa saadut vastaukset tukevat kirjallisuudesta ja alan ammattilaiselta saatua käsitystä tärkeimmistä vaikuttavista tekijöistä. Tärkeimmät toimenpiteet ja aloitteet joilla parannettaisiin tiedon muodostumista, koskivat ennnen kaikkea työnteon ulkoisia olosuhteita, eikä niinkään tiedon muodostumisen prosessia itseään. Merkittävimpiä haittatekijöitä olivat kultturiin, fyysiseen ja henkiseen tilaan ja henkilöstöresursseihin liittyvät ongelmat. Ratkaisuja ongelmiin odotettiin saatavan lähinnä tietotekniikan, henkilöstöresurssien ja itse tiedon muokkaamisen avulla. Tuotekehitysprosessin ydin tietovirtojen ja –pääomien luokittelu ja tulkitseminen tiedon muodostusta kuvaavan Learning Spiralin avulla antoi lähinnä teoreettisia viitteitä siitä millaisia keinoja on olemassa tiedon lisäämiseen ja jakamiseen eri tietotyypeittäin. Tulosten perusteella caseyrityksessä pitäisi kiinnittää erityistä huomiota tiedon dokumentointiin ja jakamiseen erityisesti sen tiedon osalta, joka on organisaatiossa vain harvalla ja/tai luonteeltaan hyvin tacitia.

Output from the 1998 Product Development Value Stream Workshop: A Framework for Understanding Information Flow in the Product Development Process

The descriptions below and the attached diagrams are outputs of the 1998 LAI Product Development Focus Team workshop on the Value Chain in Product Development. A working group at that workshop was asked to model the product development process: in terms of the phases of product development and their interfaces, boundaries and outputs. Their work has proven to be generally useful to LAI researchers and industry members, and so is formalized here.

Product Development Management. Experiment for New Type of Project Management.

Tuotekehityksestä ja sen johtamisesta on tullut erittäin tärkeä osa tietoliikenneteollisuutta. Jatkuva teknologinen kehitys ja lyhentyneet tuotteiden elinkaaret ovat saaneet yritykset panostamaan tuotekehitysprosesseihin ja johtamiseen. Erityisesti nopeatempoiset ja lyhytkestoiset projektit onkin koettu ongelmallisiksi. Diplomityön tavoitteena oli tutkia teoriassa uusien tuotteiden tuotekehitystä, tuotekehitysprosesseja sekä projektijohtamista. Käytännön osuudessa oli tavoitteena kehittää kokeellinen tuotekehitysmalli nopeatempoisten ja lyhytkestoisten tuotekehitysprojektien tarpeisiin muuttuvissa ja epävarmoissa olosuhteissa. Tavoitteena oli myös käyttää ja analysoida kehitettyä kokeellista tuotekehitysmallia lyhytkestoisen tuotekehitysprojektin yhteydessä. Työn tuloksena saatiin ohjelmistotuote vaadituilla ominaisuuksilla vaaditussa ajassa ja todettiin projektissa käytetyn kokeellisen tuotekehitysmallin osoittautuneen toimivaksi. Jatkotutkimuksia tarvitaan selvittämään mallin sopivuutta ja sen kehityskohteita erilaisten tuotekehitysprojektien kohdalla.

Marketing strategy and new product development in the UK credit card industry

The development of new products in today's marketing environment is generally accepted as a requirement for the continual growth and prosperity of organisations. The literature is consequently rich with information on the development of various aspects of good products. In the case of service industries, it can be argued that new service product development is of as least equal importance as it is to organisations that produce tangible goods products. Unlike the new goods product literature, the literature on service marketing practices, and in particular, new service product development, is relatively sparse. The main purpose of this thesis is to examine a number of aspects of new service product development practice with respect to financial services and specifically, credit card financial services. The empirical investigation utilises both a case study and a survey approach, to examine aspects of new service product development industry practice relating specifically to gaps and deficiencies in the literature with respect to the financial service industry. The findings of the empirical work are subsequently examined in the context in which they provide guidance and support for a new normative new service product development model. The study examines the UK credit card financial service product sector as an industry case study and perspective. The findings of the field work reveal that the new service product development process is still evolving, and that in the case of credit card financial services can be seen as a well-structured and well-documented process. New product development can also be seen as an incremental, complex, interactive and continuous process which has been applied in a variety of ways. A number of inferences are subsequently presented.

The Masters in Teaching and Learning (MTL): a retrospective, intrinsic case study of the process of policy into practice and its impact on teacher participants

The research reported here is a retrospective case study of the recent (2010) introduction of the Masters in Teaching and Learning (MTL) as a post-graduate level programme of professional development for teachers. It contributes to the debate and research over the past two decades about the impact of post-graduate professional development and appropriate ways of delivering it. The study is located within an extensive body of literature dealing with the importance of the teaching profession with regard to the success of schools and pupils and the impact of professional development on teaching quality and of teaching quality on attainment. A further relevant context is the ongoing tension between the teaching profession and academics on the one hand and government and political actors on the other, in respect of the approaches to professional development and to the control of educational processes. The research questions which inform the study deal with the perspectives of various participants – policy makers, programme directors, coaches and teachers studying for the MTL – on the extent to which the MTL is likely to have an ameliorative effect on teaching and pupil attainment, their experiences of the process of policy development and their experiences as course participants. The study adopts a case study approach which involves elite interviews with those responsible for the development and implementation of the MTL, questionnaires completed by MTL course participants and a comparison group taking a conventional MA and in depth interviews with participants and coaches. The results revealed tensions and difficulties associated with the development of the MTL including uneasy relationships between HE institutions and government agencies, ideas about ‘producer capture’, the relevance of the MBA model and concern over the role of coaches. However, while acknowledging various difficulties and some misconceived expectations they viewed its potential to meet its expressed aims positively, given time. Course participants were positive about their experience of the MTL and felt that it had contributed to many aspects of their professional development. Most saw it as a positive experience despite the variable quality of support from their schools, particularly in the form of the school-based coach the concept of which had been heralded as the bellwether of the MTL. It was striking that the responses of the MTL participants were very similar to those of teachers taking a conventional MA. A finding which would repay further investigation is that while the great majority of course participants felt that the MTL (and the MA) had contributed to their becoming more effective teachers they were much less confident that it had contributed to increased pupil attainment.

Conceptual Product Development in Small Corporations

The main objective of the thesis “Conceptual Product Development in Small Corporations” is by the use of a case study test the MFD™-method (Erixon G. , 1998) combined with PMM in a product development project. (Henceforth called MFD™/PMM-method). The MFD™/PMM-method used for documenting and controlling a product development project has since it was introduced been used in several industries and projects. The method has been proved to be a good way of working with the early stages of product development, however, there are almost only projects carried out on large industries which means that there are very few references to how the MFD™/PMM-method works in a small corporation. Therefore, was the case study in the thesis “Conceptual Product Development in Small Corporations” carried out in a small corporation to find out whether the MFD™/PMM-method also can be applied and used in such a corporation.The PMM was proposed in a paper presented at Delft University of Technology in Holland 1998 by the author and Gunnar Erixon. (See appended paper C: The chart of modular function deployment.) The title “The chart of modular function deployment” was later renamed as PMM, Product Management Map. (Sweden PreCAD AB, 2000). The PMM consists of a QFD-matrix linked to MIM (Module Indication Matrix) via a coupling matrix which makes it possible to make an unbroken chain from the customer domain to the designed product/modules. The PMM makes it easy to correct omissions made in creating new products and modules.In the thesis “Conceptual Product Development in Small Corporations” the universal MFD™/PMM-method has been adapted by the author to three models of product development; original-, evolutionary- and incremental development.The evolutionary adapted MFD™/PMM-method was tested as a case study at Atlings AB in the community Ockelbo. Atlings AB is a small corporation with a total number of 50 employees and an annual turnover of 9 million €. The product studied at the corporation was a steady rest for supporting long shafts in turning. The project team consisted of management director, a sales promoter, a production engineer, a design engineer and a workshop technician, the author as team leader and a colleague from Dalarna University as discussion partner. The project team has had six meetings.The project team managed to use MFD™ and to make a complete PMM of the studied product. There were no real problems occurring in the project work, on the contrary the team members worked very well in the group, having ideas how to improve the product. Instead, the challenge for a small company is how to work with the MFD™/PMM-method in the long run! If the MFD™/PMM-method is to be a useful tool for the company it needs to be used continuously and that requires financial and personnel resources. One way for the company to overcome the probable lack of recourses regarding capital and personnel is to establish a good cooperation with a regional university or a development centre.

Gestão de multi-projeto no processo de desenvolvimento de produto

No âmbito da unidade curricular Dissertação/Projeto/Estágio do 2º ano do Mestrado em Engenharia mecânica – Ramo Gestão Industrial do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, o presente trabalho de dissertação foi enquadrado num projeto de desenvolvimento de ferramentas de apoio à gestão de projetos. O projeto foi desenvolvido no Instituto de Engenharia Mecânica e Gestão Industrial (INEGI) na unidade de Desenvolvimento de Produto e Sistemas (DPS). A realização deste projeto teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento e adequação de ferramentas de apoio à gestão de multi-projeto no processo de desenvolvimento de produto na organização em estudo – o INEGI – DPS. A gestão de projetos tem hoje uma grande importância nos resultados das empresas essencialmente em virtude da necessidade de estas competirem num mundo em grande mudança com concorrentes ferozes, em que a capacidade de responder às mudanças a tempo e de uma forma integrada se torna cada vez mais importante. A atividade levada a cabo pela DPS impõe a necessidade de uma gestão de projetos mais eficaz e eficiente suportada numa gestão de informação centralizada. O presente projeto de investigação teve, numa primeira fase, uma adaptação à organização em estudo. De seguida, foi conduzida uma revisão da literatura com o objetivo de se obter a fundamentação teórica necessária ao desenvolvimento de ferramentas com base nas metodologias lean. Prosseguiu com o levantamento da situação inicial da organização e com a identificação dos problemas existentes na gestão de projetos. Incluiu também uma revisão e análise das ferramentas existentes na unidade em estudo. Este conhecimento permitiu delinear uma visão para guiar o desenvolvimento das ferramentas. Após a definição da visão foi, então, realizado o desenvolvimento das ferramentas de auxílio à gestão multi-projeto na organização. A concretização deste trabalho resultou no desenvolvimento de três ferramentas de auxílio à gestão multi-projeto na unidade. Estas ferramentas tornam o processo de gestão de projetos mais simples e fácil de assimilar, requerendo apenas alguns inputs por parte dos colaboradores. Estas ferramentas estão apoiadas nos pilares do lean, e deste modo estão vocacionadas para reduzir o desperdício, promover a melhoria contínua, aumentar o desempenho global dos vários atores nos projetos de modo a entregar mais valor e qualidade superior com menores custos. Acima de tudo, valorizar o trabalho dos colaboradores, tornando-os mais eficientes, eficazes, motivados e comprometidos com a organização.

Esverdeando a manufatura: dos fundamentos conceituais ao estudo de múltiplos casos

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the integration of environmental issues in the context of manufacturing function/production (or operations), which is considered the organizational area that should lead corporate environmental management. We present a background on the greening of the manufacturing area, especially in terms of product development, process, quality management and logistics. Four case studies of Brazilian companies are presented as part of the study, and it is found that the maturity level of these companies' environmental management tends to follow the degree to which the environment has been inserted into subareas of production, especially in the process of product development. However, difficulties encountered in greening a company's logistics activities are also recognized in most cases. It is concluded that companies can overcome this challenge by adopting new concepts of green supply chain management. The notes highlight the observed distance between arguments in the international literature and the reality of Brazilian companies on the greening of manufacturing aspects.

Análise dos problemas de comunicação permeados pela cultura organizacional e estrutura de gestão de projetos em uma empresa na área da construção

In a supplier of building products were identified difficulties in communication between the Product Development area and other areas of the company that could spoil projects and processes. The process of product development is important in placing the company in the market, and through research and planning, design new products and seek to comply with the costumer in relation to deadlines, quality and cost-effective. The development of a product involves many areas in the company and communication is essential in this process. The goal of this study was to identify possible communication problems permeated by organizational culture and structure of project management working in the company. A survey was applied using a Likert scale in three different areas of the company, with questions including the topics: communication, culture and organizational structure of project management and subsequently conducted the median test and the Spearman test to analysis of responses. With the understanding and analysis of the survey it was confirmed the difficulties of communication between people and the areas of the company, besides there is an influence of the type of culture acting in the company and the current management structure of the project in a good performance of internal communication

Diagnóstico do nível de maturidade do processo de desenvolvimento de produtos: um estudo de caso em empresa calçadista

The process of product development (PPD) is a strategic factor in which companies seek to identify consumer needs. The relationship of the practices adopted, tools, techniques, among others, can determinate the maturity level of the company in this process. The purpose of this paper is to understand and diagnose the level of maturity of the PDP in footwear segment industry. For the case study, a company inserted into one of the largest poles of women’s footwear in Brazil, located in Jaú, São Paulo State, was researched. The diagnosis is based on the maturity levels of the unified model, reference in the process of product development, proposed by Rozenfeld et al. (2006). The application of the model assisted to diagnose the current maturity level of the company in this process, providing useful information to achieve higher levels of maturity in the PDP.