20 resultados para METRA


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This article summarizes the main achievementsof the Multi-Element Transmit andReceive Antennas (METRA) Project, an ISTresearch and technological development project carried out between January 2000 and June 2001 by Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, the Center for Personkommunikation of Aalborg University, Nokia Networks, Nokia Mobile Phones, and Vodafone Group Research and Development.The main objective of METRA was the performanceevaluation of multi-antenna terminals incombination with adaptive antennas at the basestation in UMTS communication systems. 1 AMIMO channel sounder was developed that providedrealistic multi-antenna channel measurements.Using these measured data, stochasticchannel models were developed and properly validated.These models were also evaluated inorder to estimate their corresponding channelcapacity. Different MIMO configurations andprocessing schemes were developed for both theFDD and TDD modes of UTRA, and their linkperformance was assessed. Performance evaluationwas completed by system simulations thatillustrated the benefits of MIMO configurationsto the network operator. Implementation cost vs.performance improvement was also covered bythe project, including the base station and terminalmanufacturer and network operator viewpoints.Finally, significant standards contributionswere generated by the project and presented to the pertinent 3GPP working groups.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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INTRODUCCION: La Acalasia es un trastorno motor primario causado por la pérdida selectiva de las motoneuronas del plexo mientérico esofágico que ocasiona aumento en la presión basal y relajación incompleta del esfínter esofágico inferior (EEI), y la desaparición de la peristalsis esofágica. OBJETIVOS. Correlacionar los síntomas clínicos de los pacientes con alteraciones manométricas y los hallazgos morfológicos (radiología y endoscopia) en una cohorte de pacientes con Acalasia. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio retrospectivo de 37 pacientes, 22 (59.4%) hombres y 15 (40,5%) mujeres, con una edad media de 57,45 años con Acalasia estudiados entre 2000-2009, mediante evaluación clínica según escalas de Zanitoto, Atkinson y clasificación manométrica de acuerdo a los criterios de Pandolfino. RESULTADOS. Todos los pacientes consultaron por disfagia esofágica de 34,7 meses de evolución en promedio, moderada en 15 pacientes (40,5%, necesidad de agua para pasar), y en 8 (21,6%) con obstrucción severa. En el momento del diagnóstico el 35% de los pacientes requerían dieta triturada y el 35% sólo podían pasar líquidos; 14 pacientes presentaban pérdida de peso (37,8%). Los estudios morfológicos sólo orientaron el diagnóstico de Acalasia en un 48,6% de los pacientes (endoscopia sugestiva en un 37,8% y TGE en el 10,8%). El 70.2% de los pacientes presentaron un patrón manométrico típico y un 13.5% un patrón de Acalasia vigorosa. El 31% de los pacientes presentaron una pH-metría de 24 h con reflujo gastroesofágico patológico y un 10,5% un patrón sugestivo de retención y fermentación esofágica. CONCLUSIÓN. El diagnóstico de los pacientes con Acalasia es tardío, y se realiza con síntomas clínicos severos de disfagia esofágica en los que las pruebas de diagnóstico morfológico (TEGD, endoscopia) ofrecen un bajo rendimiento. La manometría y pH-metría de 24 h ofrece un diagnóstico precoz y preciso, el tipo de Acalasia y de la existencia de reflujo gastroesofágico o acidificación por retención. La información proporcionada por estas exploraciones funcionales debe ser tenida en cuenta para indicar el tratamiento de los pacientes con Acalasia.

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Reliable electronic systems, namely a set of reliable electronic devices connected to each other and working correctly together for the same functionality, represent an essential ingredient for the large-scale commercial implementation of any technological advancement. Microelectronics technologies and new powerful integrated circuits provide noticeable improvements in performance and cost-effectiveness, and allow introducing electronic systems in increasingly diversified contexts. On the other hand, opening of new fields of application leads to new, unexplored reliability issues. The development of semiconductor device and electrical models (such as the well known SPICE models) able to describe the electrical behavior of devices and circuits, is a useful means to simulate and analyze the functionality of new electronic architectures and new technologies. Moreover, it represents an effective way to point out the reliability issues due to the employment of advanced electronic systems in new application contexts. In this thesis modeling and design of both advanced reliable circuits for general-purpose applications and devices for energy efficiency are considered. More in details, the following activities have been carried out: first, reliability issues in terms of security of standard communication protocols in wireless sensor networks are discussed. A new communication protocol is introduced, allows increasing the network security. Second, a novel scheme for the on-die measurement of either clock jitter or process parameter variations is proposed. The developed scheme can be used for an evaluation of both jitter and process parameter variations at low costs. Then, reliability issues in the field of “energy scavenging systems” have been analyzed. An accurate analysis and modeling of the effects of faults affecting circuit for energy harvesting from mechanical vibrations is performed. Finally, the problem of modeling the electrical and thermal behavior of photovoltaic (PV) cells under hot-spot condition is addressed with the development of an electrical and thermal model.

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Therapy has improved the survival of heart failure (HF) patients. However, many patients progress to advanced chronic HF (ACHF). We propose a practical clinical definition and describe the characteristics of this condition. Patients that are generally recognised as ACHF often exhibit the following characteristics: 1) severe symptoms (NYHA class III to IV); 2) episodes with clinical signs of fluid retention and/or peripheral hypoperfusion; 3) objective evidence of severe cardiac dysfunction, shown by at least one of the following: left ventricular ejection fraction<30%, pseudonormal or restrictive mitral inflow pattern at Doppler-echocardiography; high left and/or right ventricular filling pressures; elevated B-type natriuretic peptides; 4) severe impairment of functional capacity demonstrated by either inability to exercise, a 6-minute walk test distance<300 m or a peak oxygen uptake<12-14 ml/kg/min; 5) history of >1 HF hospitalisation in the past 6 months; 6) presence of all the previous features despite optimal therapy. This definition identifies a group of patients with compromised quality of life, poor prognosis, and a high risk of clinical events. These patients deserve effective therapeutic options and should be potential targets for future clinical research initiatives.

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Heart failure is a serious condition and equivalent to malignant disease in terms of symptom burden and mortality. At this moment only a comparatively small number of heart failure patients receive specialist palliative care. Heart failure patients may have generic palliative care needs, such as refractory multifaceted symptoms, communication and decision making issues and the requirement for family support. The Advanced Heart Failure Study Group of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology organized a workshop to address the issue of palliative care in heart failure to increase awareness of the need for palliative care. Additional objectives included improving the accessibility and quality of palliative care for heart failure patients and promoting the development of heart failure-orientated palliative care services across Europe. This document represents a synthesis of the presentations and discussion during the workshop and describes recommendations in the area of delivery of quality care to patients and families, education, treatment coordination, research and policy.

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1. Altgermanische Metrik, von E. Sievers, in der 2. Aufl. durchgesehen von F. Kauffmann und H. Gering. 2. Deutsche Metrik, von H. Paul. 3. Englische Metrik. a. Geschichte der heimischen Versarten, von K. Luick. b. Fremde Metra, von J. Schipper. III. Bd. VIII. Abschnitt: Wirtschaft, von K. T. von Inama-Sternegg.--IX. Abschnitt: Recht, von K. von Amira.--X. Abschnitt: Kriegswesen, von A. Schultz.--XI. Abschnitt: Mythologie, von E. Mogk.--XII. Abschnitt: Sitte. 1. Skandinavische Verhältnisse, von V. Gudmundsson u. K. Kålund. 2. Deutsch-englische Verhältnisse, von A. Schultz.--Anhang: Die Behandlung der volkstümlischen Sitte der Gegenwart, von E. Mogk.--XIII. Abschnitt: Kunst. 1. Bildende Kunst, von A. Schultz. 2. Musik, von R. von Liliencron.--XIV. Abschnitt: Heldensage, von B. Symons.--XV. Abschnitt: Ethnographie der germanischen Stämme, von O. Bremer (mit 6 Karten)

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Juvenilia - Silenti dissolutio - Tropaia stēn Trikymia - Hē Megalē aura - Ho gyros tōn hōron - Kalveia metra - Ho apethantos - Apollōnion asma - Aiolikē arpa.

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Quasi tutti i componenti del FIVR (regolatore di tensione Buck che fornisce l'alimentazione ai microprocessori multi-core) sono implementati sul die del SoC e quindi soffrono di problemi di affidabilità associati allo scaling della tecnologia microelettronica. In particolare, la variazione dei parametri di processo durante la fabbricazione e i guasti nei dispostivi di switching (circuiti aperti o cortocircuiti). Questa tesi si svolge in ambito di un progetto di ricerca in collaborazione con Intel Corporation, ed è stato sviluppato in due parti: Inizialmente è stato arricchito il lavoro di analisi dei guasti su FIVR, svolgendo un accurato studio su quelli che sono i principali effetti dell’invecchiamento sulle uscite dei regolatori di tensione integrati su chip. Successivamente è stato sviluppato uno schema di monitoraggio a basso costo in grado di rilevare gli effetti dei guasti più probabili del FIVR sul campo. Inoltre, lo schema sviluppato è in grado di rilevare, durante il tempo di vita del FIVR, gli effetti di invecchiamento che inducono un incorretto funzionamento del FIVR. Lo schema di monitoraggio è stato progettato in maniera tale che risulti self-checking nei confronti dei suoi guasti interni, questo per evitare che tali errori possano compromettere la corretta segnalazione di guasti sul FIVR.

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I moderni processori multi-core ad elevate prestazioni sono alimentati da regolatori di tensione integrati direttamente sul chip. Questi regolatori forniscono a ciascun power domain la tensione ottimale sulla base della sua attività, monitorata da una Power Control Unit. Questo consente da un lato di ottenere una riduzione dei consumi, dall'altro di avere un boost delle prestazioni in particolari contesti. Tali regolatori integrati sul die sono affetti da guasti e fenomeni di aging, che possono compromettere il corretto funzionamento del circuito. Questi problemi non sono tollerabili in contesti caratterizzati da esigenze di elevata reliability, come l'autonomous driving. Dunque, è stato sviluppato un monitor per rivelare on-line eventuali guasti che possono verificarsi durante il normale funzionamento sul campo. In caso di guasto il monitor è in grado di dare un'indicazione d'errore, che può essere utilizzata per attivare delle procedure di recovery. La soluzione proposta, basata su un approccio completamente differente rispetto a quello suggerito dallo standard ISO 26262, beneficia, rispetto a quest'ultima, di costi nettamente inferiori e prestazioni superiori. Il monitor può essere calibrato automaticamente per compensare le variazioni dei parametri di processo ed i fenomeni di aging che possono affliggere il monitor stesso. È stata verificata la self-checking ability del monitor rispetto a guasti di tipo transistor stuck-on, transistor stuck-open e bridging resistivo, risultando Totally Self-Checking rispetto all'insieme di guasti considerato.