Samaja, Juan. El lado oscuro de la razón. Buenos Aires, JVE Episteme, 1996, 215 p.

Fil: Licata, Rosa.

Dispositivos de acceso a la cultura popular brasileña en la episteme de Mário de Andrade (1920-1940)

Fil: Calvo, Roxana Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

De "quantofrenias" y "artefactos" o la "doxa" en el reino de la "episteme" : Uso y abusos de las escalas de estimaciones sumadas en la evaluación del desempeño docente en contextos de educación superior universitaria

Este trabajo presenta una reflexión metodológica relativa al uso de escalas de estimaciones sumadas o Likert en la evaluación del desempeño docente en el contexto universitario. Se presentan antecedentes en el marco de las prescripciones técnicas para este tipo de escalamientos, así como un conjunto de observaciones referidas a la pertinencia de su aplicación con fines evaluativos y a sus limitaciones en tanto herramienta para la generación de conocimiento. Se concluye que la escala de Likert puede ser utilizada en contexto evaluativos, atendiendo al conjunto de requerimientos ligados a su aplicación y tratamiento analítico-interpretativo, reconociendo los problemas insalvables que presenta, de manera de sopesar y relativizar la construcción del dato numeral. De este modo, se hace explícita la crítica al carácter "quantofrénico" y "artefactual" que acompaña su aplicación, y que contradictoriamente se inscribe en un discurso que sitúa la evaluación docente en el marco de políticas de calidad en educación superior

De "quantofrenias" y "artefactos" o la "doxa" en el reino de la "episteme" : Uso y abusos de las escalas de estimaciones sumadas en la evaluación del desempeño docente en contextos de educación superior universitaria

Este trabajo presenta una reflexión metodológica relativa al uso de escalas de estimaciones sumadas o Likert en la evaluación del desempeño docente en el contexto universitario. Se presentan antecedentes en el marco de las prescripciones técnicas para este tipo de escalamientos, así como un conjunto de observaciones referidas a la pertinencia de su aplicación con fines evaluativos y a sus limitaciones en tanto herramienta para la generación de conocimiento. Se concluye que la escala de Likert puede ser utilizada en contexto evaluativos, atendiendo al conjunto de requerimientos ligados a su aplicación y tratamiento analítico-interpretativo, reconociendo los problemas insalvables que presenta, de manera de sopesar y relativizar la construcción del dato numeral. De este modo, se hace explícita la crítica al carácter "quantofrénico" y "artefactual" que acompaña su aplicación, y que contradictoriamente se inscribe en un discurso que sitúa la evaluación docente en el marco de políticas de calidad en educación superior

Dispositivos de acceso a la cultura popular brasileña en la episteme de Mário de Andrade (1920-1940)

Fil: Calvo, Roxana Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Dispositivos de acceso a la cultura popular brasileña en la episteme de Mário de Andrade (1920-1940)

Fil: Calvo, Roxana Inés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

De "quantofrenias" y "artefactos" o la "doxa" en el reino de la "episteme" : Uso y abusos de las escalas de estimaciones sumadas en la evaluación del desempeño docente en contextos de educación superior universitaria

Este trabajo presenta una reflexión metodológica relativa al uso de escalas de estimaciones sumadas o Likert en la evaluación del desempeño docente en el contexto universitario. Se presentan antecedentes en el marco de las prescripciones técnicas para este tipo de escalamientos, así como un conjunto de observaciones referidas a la pertinencia de su aplicación con fines evaluativos y a sus limitaciones en tanto herramienta para la generación de conocimiento. Se concluye que la escala de Likert puede ser utilizada en contexto evaluativos, atendiendo al conjunto de requerimientos ligados a su aplicación y tratamiento analítico-interpretativo, reconociendo los problemas insalvables que presenta, de manera de sopesar y relativizar la construcción del dato numeral. De este modo, se hace explícita la crítica al carácter "quantofrénico" y "artefactual" que acompaña su aplicación, y que contradictoriamente se inscribe en un discurso que sitúa la evaluación docente en el marco de políticas de calidad en educación superior

Culturas sin culturalismos: una versión compartida sobre la "episteme" antropológica

Reseña: CÁTEDRA, María y DEVILLARD, Marie José. (eds.). 2014. Saberes culturales. Homenaje a José Luis García García. Barcelona: Bellaterra.

Tyhjä taivas : Georges Bataille ja uskonnon kysymys

Empty Heavens. Georges Bataille and the Question of Religion. The dissertation explores the question of religion in the texts of Georges Bataille (1897 1962), the controversial French avant-garde writer and philosopher. Passionate about religion throughout his life, Bataille devoted to it both critical analyses and personal meditations. In this study, Bataille s multifaceted relationship to religion is interpreted as expressing a passion for radical otherness. Bataille is approached as a characteristically modern thinker who, nevertheless, questions some landmarks of modernity insofar as modernity is interpreted as a triumph of secularization. The dissertation is situated at the intersection of comparative religion and philosophy of religion. Methodologically, the study resorts to theoretical contextualization and concept analysis. Acknowledging that Bataille s writings challenge the assumptions about coherent meaning taken for granted in traditional philosophical analysis, the study also pays attention to the literary means and, in general, the performative level of Bataille s texts. The study constructs three theoretical contexts for Bataille s question of religion first of all, the interpretation of Hegel in the mid-20th century French philosophy. In the first section of the study, Bataille s uneasy relationship with Hegel as mediated by Alexandre Kojève is explored. The motivation of his question of radical otherness is argued to arise from his struggle with the Hegelian Kojèvean notion of negativity. The second context is the dialogue with the Christian mystical tradition. Starting from the analysis of two Bataillean notions, dramatization and contestation , it is argued that, firstly, Bataille s approach to radical otherness is analogous to certain procedures of mystical texts while, secondly, the function of otherness providing no firm foundation in Bataille s texts differs from its function in mystical texts. In the third section of the study, Bataille s quest for otherness is concretized by analyzing his views on otherness of other person, on violence, and on death themes that are brought together in Bataille s lasting interest in sacrifice. Bataille s understanding of sacrifice is proportioned to social scientific and philosophical discussions on sacrifice. It is argued that the commitment to the idea of sacrifice accounts for a partial failure in the Bataillean approach to otherness, the otherness of other person remaining its (at least half) blind spot. The study presents an overview of Bataille s thought on religion. It brings out Bataille s view of the paradoxical fundamental yet impossible role of otherness in the construction of human world, as well as his understanding of religious representations as both covering over and indicating this otherness. It describes Bataille s atheological mysticism as a peculiar modern form of religiosity, as an ambivalent mourning for and exaltation of fundamental loss.

Talousmetafysiikan kritiikkiä

Jakke Holvas: A Critique of the Metaphysics of Economy The research problem of this dissertation is the commonly held opinion according to which everything has become a question of economy in the present day. Economy legitimates and justifies. In this study, the pattern of thinking and conceptualizing in which economy figures as the ultimate reason is called the metaphysics of economy. The defining characteristic of the metaphysics of economy is its failure to recognize non-economic rules, ethics, or ways of existence. The sources included in the study cover certain classics of philosophy (Plato, Aristotle, Friedrich Nietzsche) and sociology (Karl Marx, Max Weber, Marcel Mauss), as well as the more recent French social theory (Jean Baudrillard, Michel Foucault). The research methods used are textual analysis and evaluation of concepts by means of historical comparison. The background to the study is given by the views of historians and sociologists according to whom traditional forms have ceased to exist and the market economy become established as the western system of values. The study identifies points of transition from the traditional forms to economic values. In addition, the dissertation focuses on the modern non-economic forms. The study examines the economic and ethical meanings of gift in antiquity in Homer, Plato, and Aristotle. Following Marcel Mauss, the study analyzes the forms and principles of gift exchange. The study also applies Nietzsche’s philosophy to evaluate under what conditions giving a gift becomes an act of exercising power that puts its receiver into debt. The conclusion of the study is that the classics of philosophy and sociology can rightly be interpreted in terms of the metaphysics of economy, but they also offer grounds for criticizing this metaphysics, even alternatives. One such alternative is non-economic archaic ethic. The study delineates a duality between economy and non-economy as well as creating concepts which could be used in the future to critically analyze economy from a position external to the economic system of concepts.

Kansanterveysongelman synty : Tuberkuloosi ja terveyden hallinta Suomessa ennen toista maailmansotaa

The study focuses on the emergence of tuberculosis as a public health problem and the development of the various methods to counteract it in Finland before the introduction of efficient methods of treatment in the 1940s and 50s. It covers a time period from year 1882 when the tuberculosis bacterium was identified to the 1930s when the early formation of tuberculosis work became established in Finland. During this time there occurred important changes in medicine, public health thinking and methods of personal health care that have been referred to as the bacteriological revolution. The study places tuberculosis prevention in this context and shows how the tuberculosis problem affected the government of health on all these three dimensions. The study is based on foucauldian analytics of government, which is supplemented with perspectives from contemporary science and technology studies. In addition, it utilises a broad array of work in medical history. The central research materials consist of medical journals, official programs and documents on tuberculosis policy, and health education texts. The general conclusions of the study are twofold. Firstly, the ensemble of tuberculosis work was formed from historically diverse and often conflicting elements. The identification of the pathogen was only the first step in the establishment of tuberculosis as a major public health problem. Important were also the attention of the science of hygiene and statistical reasoning that dominated public health thinking in the late 19th century. Furthermore, the adoption of the bacteriological tuberculosis doctrine in medicine, public health work and health education was profoundly influenced by previous understanding of the nature of the illness, of medical work, of the prevention of contagious diseases, and of personal health care. Also the two central institutions of tuberculosis work, sanatorium and dispensary, have heterogeneous origins and multifarious functions. Secondly, bacteriology represented in this study by tuberculosis remodelled medical knowledge and practices, the targets and methods of public health policy, and the doctrine of personal health care. Tuberculosis provided a strong argument for specific causes (if not cures) as well as laboratory methods in medicine. Tuberculosis prevention contributed substantially to the development whereby a comprehensive responsibility for the health of the population and public health work was added to the agenda of the state. Health advice on tuberculosis and other contagious diseases used dangerous bacteria to motivate personal health care and redefined it as protecting oneself from the attacks of external pathogens and strengthening oneself against their effects. Thus, tuberculosis work is one important root for the contemporary public concern for the health of the population and the imperative of personal health care.