Social TV: definição sobre a experiência do usuário

This article presents a study on the concept of social TV and the user’s experience. We made a literature review in search of the several meanings and features given to the subject. We have analyzed the aspects that express changes in the field, beginning with the TV set connected to the internet, which allows users to new experiences of socialization, previously available only in other devices. This new scenario provides a new platform called “TV everywhere”, the ubiquitous television that is everywhere, regardless of location, time or space. We have researched the origin of social TV and the process that altered the old television model. Finally, we propose a new term to express such changes regarding social television: “Social TV”, representing the user’s experience through the convergence between television and the Internet, shared locally and remotely through any technological means.

Inclusão digital e cidadania via televisão digital no Brasil.

The objective of this paper is to discuss issues related to digital inclusion and citizenship in Brazil, through the approach of public policies gestated by the State in an attempt to insert Brazil in the Information Society via Digital Television through two projects: Brazilian Digital TV System (SBTVD) and the Brazilian National Internet Broadband Plan (PNBL), also called “Brazil Connected”. The methodology used was exploratory, with the procedures of bibliographic and documentary research, with the goal of pointing out how actions have been articulating and gestated by the Brazilian government.

Cooperative Cognitive Wireless Networks over TV White and Gray Spaces

Wireless networks rapidly became a fundamental pillar of everyday activities. Whether at work or elsewhere, people often benefits from always-on connections. This trend is likely to increase, and hence actual technologies struggle to cope with the increase in traffic demand. To this end, Cognitive Wireless Networks have been studied. These networks aim at a better utilization of the spectrum, by understanding the environment in which they operate, and adapt accordingly. In particular recently national regulators opened up consultations on the opportunistic use of the TV bands, which became partially free due to the digital TV switch over. In this work, we focus on the indoor use of of TVWS. Interesting use cases like smart metering and WiFI like connectivity arise, and are studied and compared against state of the art technology. New measurements for TVWS networks will be presented and evaluated, and fundamental characteristics of the signal derived. Then, building on that, a new model of spectrum sharing, which takes into account also the height from the terrain, is presented and evaluated in a real scenario. The principal limits and performance of TVWS operated networks will be studied for two main use cases, namely Machine to Machine communication and for wireless sensor networks, particularly for the smart grid scenario. The outcome is that TVWS are certainly interesting to be studied and deployed, in particular when used as an additional offload for other wireless technologies. Seeing TVWS as the only wireless technology on a device is harder to be seen: the uncertainity in channel availability is the major drawback of opportunistic networks, since depending on the primary network channel allocation might lead in having no channels available for communication. TVWS can be effectively exploited as offloading solutions, and most of the contributions presented in this work proceed in this direction.

An Architecture for End-User TV Content Enrichment

This paper proposes an extension to the televisionwatching paradigm that permits an end-user to enrich broadcast content. Examples of this enriched content are: virtual edits that allow the order of presentation within the content to be changed or that allow the content to be subsetted; conditional text, graphic or video objects that can be placed to appear within content and triggered by viewer interaction; additional navigation links that can be added to structure how other users view the base content object. The enriched content can be viewed directly within the context of the TV viewing experience. It may also be shared with other users within a distributed peer group. Our architecture is based on a model that allows the original content to remain unaltered, and which respects DRM restrictions on content reuse. The fundamental approach we use is to define an intermediate content enhancement layer that is based on the W3C’s SMIL language. Using a pen-based enhancement interface, end-users can manipulate content that is saved in a home PDR setting. This paper describes our architecture and it provides several examples of how our system handles content enhancement. We also describe a reference implementation for creating and viewing enhancements.

O TELESPECTADOR JOVEM E A TV CULTURA DE SÃO PAULO

Este trabalho pretende refletir sobre a qualidade dos programas dedicados aos jovens na TV Cultura de São Paulo. A emissora pública, premiada nacional e internacionalmente pela qualidade da programação infantil e que fideliza muito bem as crianças, perde mais de 80% da audiência quando passa da faixa infantil para a dos adolescentes, entre 12 e 17 anos. O objetivo é identificar os motivos da queda de audiência e buscar respostas positivas para fidelizar o jovem na Cultura, emissora preocupada em formar telespectadores mais reflexivos. Foram realizadas quinze entrevistas abertas com estudantes adolescentes do segundo grau da Fundação Instituto Tecnológico de Osasco, grande São Paulo, que foram telespectadores assíduos da Tv Cultura quando crianças. A pesquisa procurou identificar as causas que levam o telespectador jovem a trocar a Cultura por outros canais de televisão. Verificou-se que o jovem busca não só outras emissoras, mas especialmente outras mídias digitais, games e internet e dão preferência à comunicação com interatividade.(AU)

O TELESPECTADOR JOVEM E A TV CULTURA DE SÃO PAULO

Este trabalho pretende refletir sobre a qualidade dos programas dedicados aos jovens na TV Cultura de São Paulo. A emissora pública, premiada nacional e internacionalmente pela qualidade da programação infantil e que fideliza muito bem as crianças, perde mais de 80% da audiência quando passa da faixa infantil para a dos adolescentes, entre 12 e 17 anos. O objetivo é identificar os motivos da queda de audiência e buscar respostas positivas para fidelizar o jovem na Cultura, emissora preocupada em formar telespectadores mais reflexivos. Foram realizadas quinze entrevistas abertas com estudantes adolescentes do segundo grau da Fundação Instituto Tecnológico de Osasco, grande São Paulo, que foram telespectadores assíduos da Tv Cultura quando crianças. A pesquisa procurou identificar as causas que levam o telespectador jovem a trocar a Cultura por outros canais de televisão. Verificou-se que o jovem busca não só outras emissoras, mas especialmente outras mídias digitais, games e internet e dão preferência à comunicação com interatividade.(AU)

A interoperabilidade nos sistemas de televisão digital interativa.

A televisão nos dias atuais tem sofrido inúmeras inovações tecnológicas nos campos das transmissões multimídia, qualidade audio-visual e diversidade de funcionalidades. Entretanto, esta essencialmente mantêm sua característica de fornecer informações de forma quase que instantânea à população. O ambiente atual da televisão digital é caracterizado pela coexistência de inúmeros dispositivos capazes de oferecerem uma experiência televisa, associando-se computadores pessoais, smartphones, tablets e outros eletrônicos de consumo. Ainda, pode se incluir a este cenário a disponibilidade de inúmeras redes de transporte de dados tais como a radiodifusão, satélite, cabo e redes em banda larga. Este cenário diversificado, em termos de dispositivos e redes, é denominado de cenário de televisão digital híbrida, a qual destaca-se a interação do expectador com os diversos dispositivos. Estes cenários, por sua vez, motivam o desenvolvimento de tecnologias que permitem o aperfeiçoamento da pervasividade e dos meios pelos os quais os aplicativos possam ser suportados em diferentes plataformas. Este trabalho propõe ambientes interoperáveis envolvendo a televisão digital interativa e outros eletrônicos de consumo, aos quais foram realizados estudos e experimentos para se observar diferentes técnicas de sincronização e comunicação entre plataformas de interatividade para a televisão digital híbrida. Os resultados apontam para a possibilidade de cenários interoperáveis envolvendo o uso de marcadores e também recursos de redes e serviços TCP/IP, levando em consideração a eficiência e eficácia nos diferentes métodos. Conclui-se que os resultados odem motivar o desenvolvimento de cenários diferenciados envolvendo a televisão digital interativa e dispositivos de segunda tela, o que incrementa a interatividade e as formas de entretenimento.

A COMUNICAÇÃO PODE SALVAR VIDAS: ALERTAS ANTECIPADOS DE EMERGÊNCIAS CLIMÁTICAS PELA TELEVISÃO DIGITAL INTERATIVA BRASILEIRA

Alertas Antecipados de Emergência são elementos importantes na redução de riscos de desastres, evitando a perda de vidas e reduzindo seu impacto econômico e material. Dentre os meios de comunicação mais eficazes para geração de alertas antecipados, a televisão digital com sua capacidade de emissão de um para muitos e ainda com suas possibilidades de gerar informações reativas com dados enviados pelo mesmo sinal de TV é, no momento, o estado da arte para ajudar a população em situações de risco, comprovado através de estudos comparativos entre os sistemas de alerta de emergência existentes hoje em todo o mundo. Neste trabalho são comparados os sistemas japonês e norte-americano, sendo que os referenciais teóricos apresentados focalizam o processo comunicacional de uma informação de emergência, a partir de diversas teorias que fundamentam o processo de comunicação em situações de crise, com os quais chegou-se à conclusão de que a tecnologia de televisão Digital Brasileira, juntamente com a infraestrutura essencial para detecção de riscos e confiabilidade para a geração de alertas antecipados já existente, dispõe de todo o ferramental necessário para a criação de um sistema nacional. Por fim são apresentadas as indicações iniciais para a criação de um modelo para uma comunicação eficaz e efetiva de informações de emergência destinado à população brasileira.

O TELESPECTADOR JOVEM E A TV CULTURA DE SÃO PAULO

Este trabalho pretende refletir sobre a qualidade dos programas dedicados aos jovens na TV Cultura de São Paulo. A emissora pública, premiada nacional e internacionalmente pela qualidade da programação infantil e que fideliza muito bem as crianças, perde mais de 80% da audiência quando passa da faixa infantil para a dos adolescentes, entre 12 e 17 anos. O objetivo é identificar os motivos da queda de audiência e buscar respostas positivas para fidelizar o jovem na Cultura, emissora preocupada em formar telespectadores mais reflexivos. Foram realizadas quinze entrevistas abertas com estudantes adolescentes do segundo grau da Fundação Instituto Tecnológico de Osasco, grande São Paulo, que foram telespectadores assíduos da Tv Cultura quando crianças. A pesquisa procurou identificar as causas que levam o telespectador jovem a trocar a Cultura por outros canais de televisão. Verificou-se que o jovem busca não só outras emissoras, mas especialmente outras mídias digitais, games e internet e dão preferência à comunicação com interatividade.(AU)

Exploring the adoption of interactive digital television services as a retail shopping platform

The aim of this research is to consider the possible effect of an emerging technology platform on the uptake of online shopping: interactive (digital) Television (iTV), which enables viewers to select a variety of viewing options, publicity materials, games, entertainment and more recently shopping. An augmented version of the original TAM is applied to this study. Two new constructs are considered namely access and awareness together with perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment and security. The results show that indeed the augmented TAM can be used as a predictive model for the adoption of iTV as an online shopping platform. It is concluded that access, perceived ease of use, perceived enjoyment and perceived usefulness are significant factors to determine the consumers’behavioural intentions towards the use of digital TV as a new shopping platform. However, awareness and security are considered to be insignificant with no effect on consumers’ behavioural intentions towards the new shopping medium.

Public service versus private interest : a comparative analysis of the Australian and British debates

This paper will compare and evaluate the effectiveness of commercial media lobbying and advocacy against public service media in two countries, the United Kingdom and Australia. The paper will focus empirically on the commercial media coverage of public service media issues in these countries (relating to the BBC and ABC respectively) over the period since the election of the Conservative-led Coalition in Britain in June 2010, and the election of the Gillard government in Australia in August 2010. Reference will be made to preceding periods as relevant to an understanding of the current environment. In both countries the main commercial media rival to public service media is News Corp and its associated organisations – News Ltd and Sky News in Australia, and News International and BSkyB in the UK. The paper will examine with analysis of print and online news and commentary content how News Corp outlets have reported and commented on the activities and plans of public service media as the latter have developed and extended their presence on digital TV and online platforms. It will also consider the responses of the ABC and BBC to these interventions. It will consider, thirdly, the responses of Australian and British governments to these debates, and the policy outcomes. This section of the paper will seek to evaluate the trajectory of the policy-public-private dynamic in recent years, and to draw conclusions as to the future direction of policy. Particular attention will be devoted to recent key moments in this unfolding dialogue. In Britain, debates around the efforts of News Corp to take over 100% of BSkyB, both before and after the breaking of the phone-hacking scandal in July 2011; in Australia, the debate around the National Broadband Network and the competitive tender process for ABC World, that country’s public service transnational broadcaster; and other key moments where rivalry between News Corp companies and public service media became mainstream news stories provoking wider public debate. The paper will conclude with recommendations as to how public service media organisations might engage constructively with commercial organisations in the future, including News Corp, and taking into account emerging technological and financial challenges to traditional rationales for public service provision.

Age, technology prior experience and ease of use: Who's doing what?

Designers often assume that their users will have some digital technological prior experience. We examined these levels of prior experience by surveying frequency and ease of technology use with a range of technology products. 362 people participated as part of a UK nationwide larger survey of people's capabilities and characteristics to inform product design. We found that frequency and self-reported ease of use are indeed correlated for all of the products. Furthermore, both frequency and ease of use declined significantly with age for most of the products. In fact, 29% of the over 65s had never or rarely used any of the products, except for digital TV. We conclude that interfaces need to be designed carefully to avoid implicit assumptions about users' previous technology use.

A wide-band front-end for terrestrial and cable receptions

In this paper, a wide-band low noise amplifier, two mixers and a VCO with its buffers implemented in 50GHz 0.35 mu m SiGe BiCMOS technology for dual-conversion digital TV tuner front-end is presented. The LNA and up-converting mixer utilizes current injection technology to achieve high linearity. Without using inductors, the LNA achieves 0.1-1GHz wide bandwidth and 18.8-dB gain with less than 1.4-dB gain variation. The noise figure of the LNA is less than 5dB and its 1dB compression point is -2 dBm. The IIP3 of two mixers is 25-dBm. The measurement results show that the VCO has -127.27-dBc/Hz phase noise at 1-MHz offset and a linear gain of 32.4-MHz/V between 990-MHz and 1.14-GHz. The whole chip consume 253mW power with 5-V supply.

Sign language in Spanish television. Study on reception

The present article analyses the preferences of the deaf who use sign language and are users of the TV interpretation service to sign language, as well as the characteristics with which TV channels provide that service in television in Spain. The objective is to establish whether the way in which the aforementioned accessibility service is provided matches the preferences of users or differ from them. The analysis presents the opinion on this service of the deaf that use the Spanish sign language as their first language for communication. A study has also been conducted on the programmes broadcast with sign language during week 10-16/03/2014. The main data collected reveal that the deaf are dissatisfied with broadcasting times. They ask for news programmes with sign language, they would rather have the interpretation carried out by deaf people who use sign language and they prefer that the interpreter is the main image on screen. Concerning the analysis of the programmes broadcast, the study shows that the majority of programmes with sign language are broadcast at night, they are entertainment programmes, the interpretation is carried out by hearing people who use sign language and that their image is displayed in a corner of the screen.

La Web Semántica y los archivos de televisión: estado de la cuestión

Se analizan y describen las principales líneas de trabajo de la Web Semántica en el ámbito de los archivos de televisión. Para ello, se analiza y contextualiza la web semántica desde una perspectiva general para posteriormente analizar las principales iniciativas que trabajan con lo audiovisual: Proyecto MuNCH, Proyecto S5T, Semantic Television y VideoActive.