基于嵌入式Linux系统的数字调节器

数字调节器这种控制策略广泛应用于兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环（HIRFL-CSR）电源控制系统及其他工业控制场合，它采用高速微处理器芯片和现场可编程门阵列，对电源的各项性能参数进行精确运算，以控制电源工作总过程。本论文的重点，是数字调节器上基于ARM9处理器和嵌入式Linux操作系统的嵌入式相关技术。论文深入剖析了AT91RM9200处理器和嵌入式Linux的体系结构，给出了引导装入程序Bootloader和Linux内核的启动分析以及移植到硬件平台的整个过程。实现了常见的嵌入式文件系统的移植，以及操作系统外部设备的FPGA驱动。最后通过图形用户接口的应用实现了数字调节器的基本功能

HIRFL-CSR前端总线控制器的改进设计

论述了用于兰州重离子加速器冷却存储环(HIRFL-CSR)控制系统的前端总线系统控制器的改进。改进了控制器的嵌入式操作系统和应用程序,开发了控制器和数据库交换数据的应用程序。该控制器基于BGA封装的ARM920T(ARM9)处理器和嵌入式的LINUX操作系统,可以连接标准的VGA显示器、键盘、鼠标,采用了现场可编程的FPGA器件进行背板接口设计,并具有64mA高驱动能力的总线驱动器,以及拥有灵活的接口信号定义可编程能力,是HIRFL-CSR控制系统的关键部件。

基于ARM920T的HIRFL-CSR前端总线控制器FBC-01

本文论述用于兰州重离子加速器冷却存储环(HIRFL-CSR)控制系统的前端总线系统控制器FBC-01的硬件设计。该控制器是基于0.8mmBGA封装的AT91RM9200(ARM9)处理器,运行嵌入式LINUX操作系统。控制器可以连接标准的VGA显示器、键盘、鼠标,具有通用的10M/100M以太网接口、USB接口、RS-232接口、485接口、CANBUS接口。可以带SD卡、CF卡存储器。该控制器采用现场可编程的FPGA器件设计背板接口,并采用具有64mA高驱动能力的总线驱动器,不仅符合VME规范的电气要求,而且具有灵活的接口信号定义可编程能力,是HIRFL-CSR控制系统的关键部件。

微型ROV控制装置及控制方法

介绍了一种基于嵌入式ARM9技术的微型ROV的控制装置及控制方法。该装置可以同时进行两通道串行通讯,实现微型ROV的视频信号、潜水深度、艏向角度、纵倾角度、横摇角度、电子舱温度等数据的采集和与上位机的通讯传输;该装置可以采集16路模拟量信号和12路数字量信号,输出4路模拟量信号和12路TTL电平信号,实现推进器、水下灯、水下摄像机、云台等ROV功能器件的驱动。该装置具有通讯能力强、集成度高、功耗低等特点,可以满足微型ROV所有的常用功能要求。

Enhancing security of linux-based android devices

Our daily lives become more and more dependent upon smartphones due to their increased capabilities. Smartphones are used in various ways from payment systems to assisting the lives of elderly or disabled people. Security threats for these devices become increasingly dangerous since there is still a lack of proper security tools for protection. Android emerges as an open smartphone platform which allows modification even on operating system level. Therefore, third-party developers have the opportunity to develop kernel-based low-level security tools which is not normal for smartphone platforms. Android quickly gained its popularity among smartphone developers and even beyond since it bases on Java on top of "open" Linux in comparison to former proprietary platforms which have very restrictive SDKs and corresponding APIs. Symbian OS for example, holding the greatest market share among all smartphone OSs, was closing critical APIs to common developers and introduced application certification. This was done since this OS was the main target for smartphone malwares in the past. In fact, more than 290 malwares designed for Symbian OS appeared from July 2004 to July 2008. Android, in turn, promises to be completely open source. Together with the Linux-based smartphone OS OpenMoko, open smartphone platforms may attract malware writers for creating malicious applications endangering the critical smartphone applications and owners� privacy. In this work, we present our current results in analyzing the security of Android smartphones with a focus on its Linux side. Our results are not limited to Android, they are also applicable to Linux-based smartphones such as OpenMoko Neo FreeRunner. Our contribution in this work is three-fold. First, we analyze android framework and the Linux-kernel to check security functionalities. We survey wellaccepted security mechanisms and tools which can increase device security. We provide descriptions on how to adopt these security tools on Android kernel, and provide their overhead analysis in terms of resource usage. As open smartphones are released and may increase their market share similar to Symbian, they may attract attention of malware writers. Therefore, our second contribution focuses on malware detection techniques at the kernel level. We test applicability of existing signature and intrusion detection methods in Android environment. We focus on monitoring events on the kernel; that is, identifying critical kernel, log file, file system and network activity events, and devising efficient mechanisms to monitor them in a resource limited environment. Our third contribution involves initial results of our malware detection mechanism basing on static function call analysis. We identified approximately 105 Executable and Linking Format (ELF) executables installed to the Linux side of Android. We perform a statistical analysis on the function calls used by these applications. The results of the analysis can be compared to newly installed applications for detecting significant differences. Additionally, certain function calls indicate malicious activity. Therefore, we present a simple decision tree for deciding the suspiciousness of the corresponding application. Our results present a first step towards detecting malicious applications on Android-based devices.

Developing and benchmarking native Linux applications on Android

Smartphones get increasingly popular where more and more smartphone platforms emerge. Special attention was gained by the open source platform Android which was presented by the Open Handset Alliance (OHA) hosting members like Google, Motorola, and HTC. Android uses a Linux kernel and a stripped-down userland with a custom Java VM set on top. The resulting system joins the advantages of both environments, while third-parties are intended to develop only Java applications at the moment. In this work, we present the benefit of using native applications in Android. Android includes a fully functional Linux, and using it for heavy computational tasks when developing applications can bring in substantional performance increase. We present how to develop native applications and software components, as well as how to let Linux applications and components communicate with Java programs. Additionally, we present performance measurements of native and Java applications executing identical tasks. The results show that native C applications can be up to 30 times as fast as an identical algorithm running in Dalvik VM. Java applications can become a speed-up of up to 10 times if utilizing JNI.

An Implementation of Partitioned Scheduling Scheme for Hard Real-Time Tasks in Multicore Linux with Fair Share for Linux Tasks

The correctness of a hard real-time system depends its ability to meet all its deadlines. Existing real-time systems use either a pure real-time scheduler or a real-time scheduler embedded as a real-time scheduling class in the scheduler of an operating system (OS). Existing implementations of schedulers in multicore systems that support real-time and non-real-time tasks, permit the execution of non-real-time tasks in all the cores with priorities lower than those of real-time tasks, but interrupts and softirqs associated with these non-real-time tasks can execute in any core with priorities higher than those of real-time tasks. As a result, the execution overhead of real-time tasks is quite large in these systems, which, in turn, affects their runtime. In order that the hard real-time tasks can be executed in such systems with minimal interference from other Linux tasks, we propose, in this paper, an integrated scheduler architecture, called SchedISA, which aims to considerably reduce the execution overhead of real-time tasks in these systems. In order to test the efficacy of the proposed scheduler, we implemented partitioned earliest deadline first (P-EDF) scheduling algorithm in SchedISA on Linux kernel, version 3.8, and conducted experiments on Intel core i7 processor with eight logical cores. We compared the execution overhead of real-time tasks in the above implementation of SchedISA with that in SCHED_DEADLINE's P-EDF implementation, which concurrently executes real-time and non-real-time tasks in Linux OS in all the cores. The experimental results show that the execution overhead of real-time tasks in the above implementation of SchedISA is considerably less than that in SCHED_DEADLINE. We believe that, with further refinement of SchedISA, the execution overhead of real-time tasks in SchedISA can be reduced to a predictable maximum, making it suitable for scheduling hard real-time tasks without affecting the CPU share of Linux tasks.

Lego EV3 eta Linux-en arteko konektibitatea

Lego Mindstorms eta EV3ren arteko konektibitatea ahalbidetzeko driverraren garapena.

基于Linux的USB驱动程序实现

由于Linux良好的开放性和USB总线极佳的通用性 ,USB设备在Linux操作系统中得到了广泛的应用。文中首先介绍Linux驱动程序的架构 ,然后介绍USB设备 ,重点说明USB驱动程序的实现

基于嵌入式Linux的网络电视终端的实时性开发及HTML控制方法

Linux诸多优点，和国际自由软件组织的努力，使基于Linux的开发的嵌入式产品越来越多。由于Web技术的普及，怎样在嵌入式产品上实现性能优异的Web功能成为了当前的一个研究热点。该文深入探讨在进行嵌入式应用开发过程中遇到的问题并给出了相应的解决方法。并以网络电视终端为例，详细论述具体嵌入式产品中各部分的设计和实现。重点论述基于嵌入式Linux的网络电视终端的实时性开发及HTML控制方法。

Linux内核的实时支持的研究与实现

目前嵌入式计算的发展对实时多任务操作系统（RTOS）的需求日益迫切，而Linux内核的实时支持研究为迎合这种需求提供了新的可能性，通过从中断控制、实时调度策略、内核抢占机制及细粒度定时器几方面深入研究与实现了Linux内核的实时支持，以使之成为一个较为完善的RTOS。通过把实时部分设计为可配置的单元，以保留Linux原有系统支持及API。另外，为扩展系统适用范围，提出了可支持多实时调度策略的二阶段调度方案，同时指出了当前方案的不足和今后的研究方向。