Procedimentos jurídicos para estruturação de concessão de infraestrutura e o desenvolvimento brasileiro

O desenvolvimento econômico brasileiro depende da expansão da infraestrutura pública, que, nas últimas décadas, se vem procurando fazer por meio de programas de concessão. O trabalho objetiva compreender porque a administração pública tem constantemente recorrido à autorização de estudos, prevista no art. 21 da lei 8.987/95, para obter auxílio de particulares na estruturação de projetos de concessão de infraestrutura. A desconfiança é que o faz como forma de substituir a contratação de serviços de consultoria para evitar percalços do regime geral das contratações públicas: a lei 8.666/93. Para alcançar tal objetivo, o trabalho propõe entender como ocorre cada procedimento de estruturação de concessão: a estruturação contratada e a estruturação autorizada. A partir disso, compreender suas vantagens e limitações. Constato que, dadas as particularidades do serviço de consultoria para estruturação de concessão, a lei 8.666/93 não possui regime adequado a essa contratação. A pesquisa constatou também que a administração, recorrentemente, busca vias legais alternativas para obter tal serviço. Verifico que a autorização de estudos é atualmente usada como mais uma dessas vias alternativas — em que pese não tenha sido criada para esse fim — e que não supre as necessidades da administração pública na obtenção de projetos de concessão de infraestrutura. Por fim, concluí que, idealmente, o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro precisa instituir regime jurídico diferente do modelo da lei 8.666/93 para contratar consultorias para auxiliar a administração a estruturar concessão de infraestrutura.

O princípio constitucional da redução das desigualdades regionais e os campos maduro-marginais de petróleo: aspectos regulatórios e fiscais

Under the circumstances of the desestatization that penetrate Brazilian economy in the 90‟s, new features in the monopoly of oil by the Union were designed by the constitutional amendment number 9. of 1995. This deep change in the legal regime of oil sector brought the possibility of entrance to small and medium size producers in this industry, especially through the production activities developed in mature and marginal fields of oil, which are located mainly in northeast region of Brazil. Considering that the intervention of state over the economy finds its guidelines and limits in Federal Constitution disposals, the present work investigated in which way states regulation, mainly through taxation rules, has obeyed the constitutional regime in force, and specially, the reduction of regional inequalities principle. By mean, firstly, of an analysis of central concepts (mature fields, marginal fields, small and medium size producers) we observed that the imprecision over the conceptual aspect has constituted an obstacle to a specific states‟ regulation, directed to this newborn class of producers, whose growth has been pursuit by the state. That is verified in the case of concession procedures, and also, concerning the taxation system applied to small and medium size producers. Examining the main constitutional principles related to this universe which are the legality, equality, privileged treatment to small enterprises, contributive capacity, and reduction of regional inequalities we conclude that it is legally possible, a truly specific regulation, including a special taxation regime, to the small and medium size producers whose activities are concentrate over mature-marginal fields, aiming the concretization of the Brazilian state main goals

Novas fronteiras petrolíferas no Brasil : uma análise da necessidade de nova regulamentação da área do pré-sal sob a ótica constitucional

The Oil industry in Brazil has gone through several stages during the economical, political and social historical process. However, the significative changes have happened in the last fifteen years, due to market opening arising from the relaxation of the state monopoly over the Oil deposits and its derivatives. The edition of the Constitutional Amendment #9, changing the first paragraph of the 177th item of the Federal Constitution, marked the end of a stiffness about the monopoly that the Brazilian state kept in relation to the exploration and research of Oil and Gas. The economical order was fundamental to actualize the idea contained in the #9 Amendment, since its contents has the power to set up measures to be adopted by public power in order to organize the economical relations from a social viewpoint. The new brazilian Oil scenery, called pre-salt, presents itself in a way to amaze the economical markets, in addition to creating a new perspective to the social sector. This work will identify, in this new scenario, the need for change in the legal system. Nevertheless, this subject must not be treated in a thoughtless way: being an exhaustible good, we shall not forget that the future generations also must benefit from the exploration of natural resources recently discovered. The settlement of a new regulatory mark, including the change in the concession contract model to production and sharing is one of the suggested solutions as a bill in the National Congress, in an attempt to ensure the sovereignty of the nation. The constitutionality of a new regulatory mark is questioned, starting from an analysis of the state monopoly, grounding the comprehnsions in the brazilian constitutions, the relevance of the creation of Petrobras for self-assertion of the state about the monopoly of Oil and derivatives, and its posture after the Constitutional Amendment nº 9 (1995), when a company stops having control of the state monopoly, beginning to compete in a fairly way with other companies. The market opening and private initiative are emphasized from the viewpoint of the Constitutional Principles of the Economical and Social Order. The relaxation of the monopoly regarding the exploratory activity in the Federal Constitution doesn't deprive from the Union the ownerships of underground goods, enabling to this federal entity to contract, directly or by concession of exploration of goods, to state-owned or private companies. The existing oil in the pre-salt layer transforms the scenario from very high risk to low risk, which gives the Union the possibility of defining another way of exploring this resources in the best interests of the Public Administration

Federalismo cooperativo e o exercício da competência administrativa ambiental

This paper aims to discuss the conflicts of competence in environmental matters, as well as the legitimacy of the normative acts in the exercise of jurisdiction effected environmental management. For this work, addresses the issue of federalism, North American (dual) and German (cooperative), deepening its historical and theoretical fundamentals, as well as the influences on the evolution of the ideological matrix of Brazilian federalism. Distinguishes itself around the problem the theoretical and abstract discussion involving the constitutional division of powers, and the issue of his relationship with the vicissitudes in the embracement of environmental matters that invariably leads to mistakes in the exercise of jurisdiction environmental management. Its highlight the existence of a framework environmental law, embodying the principles themselves as well as a specific object of authority, which qualifies a different interpretation of the rules of constitutional powers as well as influencing the acting agent of government in managing the public good environment. The study represents an exploratory research as it investigates the depths of the institutes are in evidence not only with satisfying its practical outcome. For this to happen, explores bibliographical sources and identified by the science of law as more important, as the search for social-political boundary which takes the issue studied in their historical and contextual materiality, whose study is essential for a complete understanding of the topic . The dialectic that arguments have been constructed throughout the monograph, attempts to pass a critical way to expose the author's ideas, which considers as essential in the arrival of new questions

A tutela constitucional da exploração de petróleo em águas internacionais em face do princípio do desenvolvimento sustentável: a possibilidade de responsabilização civil do dano futuro

The demands brought by a society doomed to the constant production of global risks, which whose effects are not immediately noticed effects are not perceived immediately, claim from the Law a new Theory about the Risk, that would offer a broad environmental protection, at the same time it would still be compatible with the idea of economic efficiency, required by the Modern Industry. The expansion of the methods and technologies regarding the exploitation and production of oil causes the constant expansion of the exploitable boundaries, especially in ultra-deep waters with the Pre-salt layer, in Brazil, or the still incipient research about the polymetallic nodules and other mineral sources in international waters, like the Atlântico Sudoeste, by the Programme on Ocean Science in Relation do Non Living Resources (OSNLR), a global study performed in partnership with the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, from UNESCO (IOC UNESCO) and also with the Division of Ocean Affairs and Law of the Sea (UNDOALOS). Thus, we aim to analyze the correlation, and possible collisions between the right to a balanced environment and the free exercise of economic activity and the occurrence of environmental damages from the perspective of the exploitation activities of oil and other natural resources in international waters, specifically in the Area, from the constitutional principle of sustainable development and its legitimacy by the environmental international protection. Therefore, this study also aims to evaluate the legal framework for exploration and production of oil in international waters, particularly in the Area, and appraise how the constitutional instruments and mechanisms for environmental protection can impact on the international environmental protection system in order to ensure the present and future generations an ecologically balanced environment, laid down in Article 225 of the Brazilian Constitution, even with so many risks posed by the activities of exploitation and production of oil in international waters. In the meantime, we intend to also intend to investigate the possibility of future liability for environmental damage in order to ensure that constitutional principle and, consequently, and try to define the concept of environmental damage and its implications on the constitutional principle of environmental protection. Given all that was in summary, this work aims to contribute to the evolution of the new Theory of Environmental Risk, turning the law into something more than a punitive or corrective element in this society, but into a legal risk management, that may be triggered even before the consolidation of the damage

A Competência normativa das agências reguladoras e seus limites principiológicos no direito brasileiro

The transition of the liberal state to welfare state, globalization and the crisis of funding from the government spending on the multiple roles demanded an overhaul of the means of intervention in the economic domain and structure organizational of the Public Administration by enhancing the performance of regulatory functions. Therefore appear in Brazilian law independent regulatory agencies with legal administrative particular that gives autonomy increased, with fixed terms and stability of its leaders, police and competencies, normative and administrative judges. In this scenario, given the autonomy granted by the laws of the creation of regulatory agencies, the legislative competence becomes the most contentious issue, as not infrequently is innovation in the legal system. The main foundations of innovative extension producible by regulatory agencies, which diverges doctrine, are the constitutional attribution of own competence of the Public Administration and the discretionary power. Thus, it is necessary to delimit the constitutional and legal foundations of special legislative powers of these autarchies in our legal system, seeking ways to limit and control the production rules of those entities, for the purpose of position them before the powers constitutionally constituted. We note that with the constitutionalisation of administrative law regulatory agencies found limits to its performance in the normative constitutional principles, especially through the principles of efficiency, morality and proportionality, which has enabled a more effective control of their normative acts

A precarização do trabalho do enfermeiro na estratégia saúde da família: contribuição ao debate

This study makes an analysis of the work of nurse of the, uncovering the meaning of work and of precarious work for the nurse. aims to analyze the forms of precariousness of work of the nurse of Family Health Strategy the municipality of Pau dos Ferros-RN, Brazil. This is a qualitative study with analysis of the categories that emerged from search through dialog with the authors studied in theoretical framework of the sense of human work, the world of work actual and the precariousness of work in health. Used if the methodology of thematic oral history and semi-structured interview as an instrument for data collection and information. Participated 07 nurses of. There was predominance of females, with civil state married, with age between 29 and 47 years, inserted as nurses in Family Health Strategy 1 to 9 years. All referred satisfaction with work. Emerged 02 main meanings of work, whichever the design of work as a source of human and practical transforming of reality, with the sense of perform an action by the individual facilitator and suffers change. Include the precarious work not only as the absence of links labor and social protection, unlike the thought of the Ministry of Health, similar to the design of the study, the precariousness understood yet as the absence of participation of workers in the spaces work management and running of the work and the absence of structural conditions and infra-structural where the work process takes place. evidenced the totality of nurses inserted in Family Health Strategy by public tender. Refer have labor rights guaranteed. Don´t include under which legal arrangements are governed. The researched reality does not have a policy desprecarização nursing work of Family Health Strategy. Concluded the municipality presents progress and setbacks for the precariousness of work of the nurse of Family Health Strategy. The collective work in health is a challenge in researched reality and the policy of desprecarização of the work of the management of education and work was not evidenced. Despite the implementation of the public tender these professionals have a degree of precariousness of work, with the accumulation gradient of responsibilities, some lack of working conditions in structural aspects, infra-structural and means and instruments

Indicadores de alteração hidrológica no Alto Rio Paraná: intervenções humanas e implicações na dinâmica do ambiente fluvial

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação econômica de sistemas agroflorestais implantados para recuperação de reserva legal no Pontal do Paranapanema, São Paulo

O Pontal do Paranapanema, extremo oeste do Estado de São Paulo, é conhecido em todo o Brasil devido aos conflitos pela posse da terra, protagonizados pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), que transformou significativamente a paisagem da região, onde atualmente se observam pequenas ilhas de assentamentos rurais imersos numa matriz de grandes pastagens. O Código Florestal prevê que esses assentamentos, assim como qualquer propriedade rural, deve manter 20% de sua área com cobertura vegetal arbórea. Essa área, conhecida como Reserva Florestal Legal, deve ser restaurada, caso não exista. Assim, esta pesquisa se desenvolveu no assentamento Santa Zélia, Município de Teodoro Sampaio, São Paulo, numa área de 15 ha de Reserva Legal. Seis famílias desse assentamento foram responsáveis pela restauração da área, através de módulos agroflorestais (Taungya) temporários. Dois indicadores foram utilizados para avaliação econômica da produção agrícola na área: Valor Presente Líquido (VLP) e Relação Benefício-Custo (RB/C). Os resultados indicaram valores positivos em todas as famílias analisadas, levando à conclusão de que sistemas agroflorestais podem ser adotados na recuperação de áreas de reserva legal em propriedades rurais. Sua maior ou menor viabilidade econômica irá depender de um manejo mais intenso na área para produção agrícola e de preços satisfatórios para venda no mercado.

Influência da combinação e modernização dos sistemas que integram o GNSS no georreferenciamento de imóveis rurais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Entre o semear e a próxima colheita: uma análise dos escritos de Lenin sobre a questão agrário-camponesa

Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FFC

Impactos socioterritoriais dos assentamentos rurais no município de Mirante do Paranapanema - região do Pontal do Paranapanema-SP

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A prática de ensino como exercício pedagógico construído pelas licenciandas em enfermagem: ampliando o conceito de saúde

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Sociedade de economia mista: possibilidade de recuperação judicial

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

A política de regularização fundiária e reforma agrária: o PAE nas ilhas do Pará

O objetivo desse trabalho é realizar um estudo sobre a Política de Regularização Fundiária e Reforma Agrária na Região Amazônica, a partir do II Plano Nacional de Reforma Agrária (II PNRA), que inseriu as populações tradicionais ribeirinhas no conjunto de seu público. Tendo como foco de análise os projetos de assentamentos em ilhas dos municípios da Microrregião do Baixo Tocantins/PA, realizados por uma força tarefa entre o INCRA e a SPU. Contudo, a proposta de democratização do uso e posse da terra, que possibilita a seguridade fundiária às populações ribeirinhas, não foi priorizada e estrategicamente planejada pelas instituições públicas. Mediante as análises do processo decisório e dos planos de ação das instituições, das percepções e coleta de dados do associativismo das populações assentadas e dos resultados das eleições do período de 2000 a 2010, chegou-se à conclusão de que os projetos de assentamentos foram realizados de forma intensa e desordenada, para responder positivamente a índices de reforma agrária do governo Lula e para causar impacto nos resultados eleitorais essenciais à manutenção da governabilidade do sistema político.